Abstract: The present invention is directed to luminescent materials having the general formula:Ca(2-v-w-x-y-z) (NSF).sub.v Sr.sub.w Cd.sub.x Sn.sub.y Mn.sub.z P.sub.2 O.sub.7wherein:NSF is the non-stoicheometric factor;0.ltoreq.v.ltoreq.0.010.ltoreq.w.ltoreq.0.08;0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.05;0.01.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.03; and0.05.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.15.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to phosphors exhibiting efficient, narrow band UV emission, with peak emission at 330 nm (from excitation at 254). These phosphors are cerium-activated calcium pyrophosphate (beta-phase) of nominal formulationCa(.sub.2-w-x-y) (NSF).sub.w Ce.sub.x Na.sub.y P.sub.2 O.sub.7wherein:NSF is the non-stoicheometric factor;0.ltoreq.w.ltoreq.0.1;0.05.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.20; and0.05.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.20.

Abstract: An efficient green emitting phosphor results from the coactivation of yttrium fluoride with gadolinium and erbium. The excitation energy absorbed by the Gd.sup.3+ centers is transferred non-radiatively to minority Er.sup.3+ centers, whose emission produces green light when excited by 275 nanometer or 378 nanometer radiation.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for treating discrete pieces of material, particularly pieces of lignocellulosic furnish, to ensure adequate conductance thereof for orientation in an electric field for electrostatic alignment. The furnish is exposed to a conductance-improving substance of substances, such as an alkali or alkaline earth metal salts of weak acid, quaternary ammonium salts, or gases such as ammonia, chlorine, sulfur dioxide, etc. prior to being subjected to the electric field.

Abstract: Yellow emitting fluorescent lamp phosphor compositions comprise cerium and manganese activated alkali-earth fluoroapatite compositions containing sodium having the approximate formula(Ca.sub.1-s Sr.sub.s).sub.t Ce.sub.v Na.sub.w Mn.sub.x (PO.sub.4).sub.y F.sub.zwhereins is from 0 to 1t is from about 3.43 to about 4.01v is about 0.3w is about 0.3x is from about 0.3 to about 0.4y is about 3.00z is from about 1.0 to about 4.0.An improved two step firing process for producing the disclosed phosphors is described and an improved fluorescent lamp employing the disclosed phosphors is also described.

Abstract: A ZnS:Tm,Ag cathodoluminescent phosphor composition is described. The phosphor emits in the infrared region at approximately 800 nm. The method of making this phosphor is also described. The ingredients are mixed, formed into a cake, dried, comminuted, heated at 800.degree. C. followed by a 1180.degree. C. firing and then cooled to room temperature. All the heating and cooling is done in a hydrogen sulfide atmosphere.

Abstract: A variable color cathodoluminescent manganese activated zinc silicate phosphor is disclosed. The zinc silicate host is modified by the addition of small amounts of aluminum and phosphorus. Variation in the current density of the cathode ray excitation produces emission varying from green to blue. The method of making the phosphor and a cathode ray tube device employing the phosphor is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of preparing electrical contacts and electrical contact materials comprises the steps of blending a conductive metallic component, such as silver, with nickel and zirconium diboride which is substantially completely free of oxides, pressing the powder mixture to form a pre-sintered compact, and thereafter liquid phase sintering the compact to a densified body.The zirconium diboride is mixed with about 2 weight percent of a reducing agent, preferably mixed carbon and boron powders, and heated to remove oxides from the surface of the zirconium diboride powder particles prior to the steps of pressing and sintering.

Abstract: Phosphors and a method for producing yellow-emitting tin-manganese coactivated calcium fluorophosphate phosphors having improved brightness comprises the steps of blending a powder mixture including the phosphates, carbonates, fluorides and oxides of calcium, tin, and manganese together with an ammonium salt, and firing the mixture at a temperature of between about 1100.degree. C. and about 1300.degree. C. for a period sufficient to produce a luminescent composition. The presence of an ammonium compound in the initial powder blend promotes the proper atmosphere during the firing step to insure the incorporation of proper levels of tin and manganese ions in the final phosphor.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for (1) forming a mat of lignocellulosic particles electrostatically aligned in a cross-machine direction to the direction of movement of the mat being formed, and (2) forming a composite panel having a core layer of particles electrostatically aligned in the cross-machine direction and face layers of particles electrostatically aligned in the machine direction. The multilayered mat of electrostatically aligned particles employs separate orientation cells for aligning the particles in the machine and cross-machine directions. For aligning the particles in the cross-machine direction, a uniformly distributed array of particles is passed through spaced charged plates of a high-voltage electrostatic field having electrical lines of force extending substantially transverse to the direction of movement of the mat being formed.

Abstract: Manganese-arsenic coactivated zinc silicate phosphors comprising a host of substantially stoichiometric zinc silicate and characterized by enhanced brightness and persistence are prepared by a method which includes a two-step firing schedule. The initial pre-fired phosphor powder blend is formulated with an amount of silicic acid less than or equal to the amount stoichiometrically required for the formation of zinc silicate. Any excess zinc oxide remaining in the mixture following the first firing step is removed by addition of ammonium chloride and a second firing step. The resulting phosphors are substantially free of inert zinc oxide and silica which would otherwise contribute to diminished brightness and persistence.

Abstract: An additive for an electrical contact is selected according to a method wherein the additive has a substantially smaller contact angle with a liquid phase of a ductile metal than the weld inhibiting material has with the liquid phase.

Abstract: The apparatus described is designed to distribute particles of lignocellulosic material falling by gravity uniformly over the inlet area of an electrostatic orientation unit. The particles are metered onto a conveyor belt which discharges an even flow of particles between a pair of contrarotating squirrel-cage rolls whose direction of rotation is such that one part of the flow of particles passes between the rolls and two other parts of the flow are deflected outwardly from the contrarotating rolls. The three portions of the particle flow from the contrarotating rolls are directed respectively to larger squirrel-cage distribution rolls positioned within distribution chambers beneath the contrarotating rolls for even distribution. Various vanes and deflectors are provided to direct the flow of particles within the apparatus.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed for (1) forming a mat of lignocellulosic particles electrostatically aligned in a cross-machine direction to the direction of movement of the mat being formed from the particles, and (2) forming a composite panel having a core layer of particles electrostatically aligned in the cross-machine dimension and face layers of particles electrostatically aligned in the machine direction. The multilayered or composite mat of electrostatically aligned particles employs separate orientation cells (30,32) for aligning the particles in the machine and cross-machine directions. For aligning the particles in the cross-machine direction, a uniformly distributed array of particles is passed through a high-voltage electrostatic orienting field having electrical lines of force extending substantially transverse to the direction of movement of the mat being formed. The orienting field may be formed between at least two uniformly spaced, electrically charged plates (60).

Abstract: Luminescent materials comprising solid solutions of lithium zinc fluoride and zinc silicate activated with manganese and, optionally, arsenic having improved brightness, persistence, and crystallinity over prior art P-1 or P-39 phosphors are disclosed.A method of formulating these phosphors, and cathodoluminescent screens employing these phosphors are also disclosed.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed for forming and electrostatically orienting a mat of discrete particles of lignocellulosic material on an electrically non-conductive transfer surface and then transferring the directionally oriented mat onto a grounded, moving, electrically conductive mat receiving surface under the continuing influence of an electrostatic field without loss of orientation of the particles of lignocellulosic material making up the mat.

Abstract: Methods are presented for continuous-line manufacture of composition board from furnish which is moved in a continuous-flow manner through a processing line and distributed for deposition at a uniform rate over a preselected area to continuously form a mat for compaction.Commercially economical production flow rates are achieved with a lightweight refined wood furnish to form fiberboard having directional properties without relying on pneumatic impulsion while uniformly distributed furnish is delivered substantially free of air turbulence effects enabling fiber orientation by means of an electrical field.Control of movement and accurate metering of furnish are facilitated by continuously over-feeding furnish into the processing line and returning excess furnish as part of an initial distribution of furnish over one dimension of the mat to be formed.

Abstract: A white bodied green-emitting phosphor having improved persistence and brightness comprises manganese activated zinc silicate incorporating arsenic and an alkali metal wherein the arsenic to zinc atom ratio ranges between about 0.00005 to about 0.001 and wherein the alkali metal is present in an amount of between about 0.5 to about 2.0 times the concentration of arsenic present in the phosphor.

Abstract: An electrical contact of the type having a working surface and comprising a ductile metal and weld inhibiting material includes a wetting agent present in an amount sufficient to reduce the surface energy between said contact surface and the liquid phase of the ductile metal. Improved wettability of the surface results in reduced arc erosion due to the spattering loss of ductile metal. Also, described is a method for selecting and testing proposed additives.

Abstract: A continuous method and apparatus are disclosed for forming and electrostatically orienting a mat of discrete particles of lignocellulosic material on an electrically nonconductive transfer surface and then transferring the directionally oriented mat onto a grounded, moving, electrically conductive mat receiving surface under the continuing influence of an electrostatic field without loss of orientation of the particles of lignocellulosic material making up the mat.