Abstract: A method for configuring a multi-source and a hexa-source for acquiring first and second seismic datasets of a subsurface. The method includes selecting a number n of source arrays to create the multi-source; selecting a number m of sub-arrays for each source array, each sub-array having a plurality of source elements; imposing a distance D between any two adjacent source arrays of the multi-source; calculating a distance d between any two adjacent sub-arrays of a same source array so that bins associated with the first and second seismic datasets are interleaved; selecting source elements from at least six different sub-arrays of the n source arrays to create the hexa-source; and firing the multi-source to acquire the first dataset, and firing the hexa-source to acquire the second dataset.

Abstract: Described herein is a method for acquiring data using a marine vibrator towed by a vessel, the method comprising: obtaining data comprising at least one nominal pre-plot position in a horizontal plane; monitoring a position of the marine vibrator in the and a speed of the vessel; determining an offset between the position of the marine vibrator and the nominal pre-plot position in the towing direction; based on the offset and the vessel speed, adjusting one or more survey parameters and driving the vibrator with a series of one or more sweeps so that a predetermined frequency in the sweep or a subsequent sweep is emitted when the position of the vibrator is within a maximum distance of the nominal pre-plot position.

Abstract: Computing device, computer instructions and method for removing cross-talk noise from seismic data and generating an image of a surveyed subsurface. The method includes receiving input seismic data D generated by firing one or more seismic sources so that source energy is overlapping, and the input seismic data D is recorded with seismic sensors over the subsurface; generating a cross-talk noise model N by replacing at least one original shot gather with a reconstructed shot gather; subtracting the cross-talk noise model N from the input seismic data D to attenuate coherent cross-talk noise to obtain processed seismic data Dp; deblending the processed seismic data Dp with a deblending algorithm to attenuate a residual noise to obtain deblended seismic data Dd; and generating the image of the subsurface based on the deblended seismic data Dd.

Abstract: System and method for shooting plural seismic sources Si in a marine acquisition system with a deblending-designed dithering sequence DSnew. The method includes generating the deblending-designed dithering sequence DSnew to include random dithering times Di, a range of the dithering times Di being larger than a preset, non-zero, minimum value pmv; selecting a shooting sequence SS for the plural seismic sources Si; and shooting the plural seismic sources Si with the deblending-designed dithering sequence DSnew, based on the shooting sequence SS. All odd or all even members of the shooting sequence SS are shot with zero dithering times.

Abstract: System and method for generating discrete dithering sequences DSi for marine seismic sources Si in a marine acquisition system. The method includes determining a number N of the seismic sources Si to be fired; calculating a dithering sequence DSi for each source Si such that when any two consecutive source activation Sk and Sl, where l=k+1, are selected, a combination DSkl of their dithering sequences DSk and DSl is a uniform random low-discrepancy sequence; and driving each source Si with the corresponding dithering sequence DSi to generate blended seismic data.

Abstract: A method for configuring a multi-source and a hexa-source for acquiring first and second seismic datasets of a subsurface. The method includes selecting a number n of source arrays to create the multi-source; selecting a number m of sub-arrays for each source array, each sub-array having a plurality of source elements; imposing a distance D between any two adjacent source arrays of the multi-source; calculating a distance d between any two adjacent sub-arrays of a same source array so that bins associated with the first and second seismic datasets are interleaved; selecting source elements from at least six different sub-arrays of the n source arrays to create the hexa-source; and firing the multi-source to acquire the first dataset, and firing the hexa-source to acquire the second dataset.

Abstract: System and method for shooting plural seismic sources Si in a marine acquisition system with a deblending-designed dithering sequence DSnew. The method includes generating the deblending-designed dithering sequence DSnew to include random dithering times Di, a range of the dithering times Di being larger than a preset, non-zero, minimum value pmv, selecting a shooting sequence SS for the plural seismic sources Si; and shooting the plural seismic sources Si with the deblending-designed dithering sequence DSnew, based on the shooting sequence SS. All odd or all even members of the shooting sequence SS are shot with zero dithering times.

Abstract: A seismic data acquisition system includes a streamer spread including plural streamers that extend along an inline direction X; a set of front sources that are positioned ahead of the streamer spread along the inline direction X; and a set of top sources that are positioned on top of the streamer spread, along a horizontal direction that is perpendicular to the inline direction X. A characteristic of the set of front sources is different from a characteristic of the set of top sources, and bins corresponding to collected seismic data from each source set are interleaved.

Abstract: System and method for generating discrete dithering sequences DSi for marine seismic sources Si in a marine acquisition system. The method includes determining a number N of the seismic sources Si to be fired; calculating a dithering sequence DSi for each source Si such that when any two consecutive source activation Sk and Sl, where l=k+1, are selected, a combination DSkl of their dithering sequences DSk and DSl is a uniform random low-discrepancy sequence; and driving each source Si with the corresponding dithering sequence DSi to generate blended seismic data.

Abstract: Computing device, computer instructions and method for removing cross-talk noise from seismic data and generating an image of a surveyed subsurface. The method includes receiving input seismic data D generated by firing one or more seismic sources so that source energy is overlapping, and the input seismic data D is recorded with seismic sensors over the subsurface; generating a cross-talk noise model N by replacing at least one original shot gather with a reconstructed shot gather; subtracting the cross-talk noise model N from the input seismic data D to attenuate coherent cross-talk noise to obtain processed seismic data Dp; deblending the processed seismic data Dp with a deblending algorithm to attenuate a residual noise to obtain deblended seismic data Dd; and generating the image of the subsurface based on the deblended seismic data Dd.

Abstract: A submerged front end buoy has a body with a connecting mechanism for connecting to a lead-in cable and a seismic streamer. A depth adjustment mechanism is disposed within the body to set a depth of the submerged front end buoy and includes an adjustable buoyancy mechanism and a plurality of wings extending from an exterior surface of the body.

Abstract: Presented are methods and systems for regularizing content of multi-component seismic data. The method includes a step of receiving the seismic data, wherein the seismic data includes pressure and particle motion measurements and a step of regularizing and frequency optimizing the seismic data to desired positions based on Fresnel zones selected at various depths in a subsurface to obtain a regularized seismic dataset.

Abstract: Systems and methods for boosting low content of received signals involve a vessel (102) towing port side (205) and starboard side (210) impulsive source arrays. The port side and starboard side impulsive source arrays are selectively actuated for a plurality of sequential shots having different signatures.

Abstract: A survey plan is designed and potentially adjusted so that seismic data acquired during the survey include inline and cross-line seismic data irregularities suitable for compressive sensing reconstruction. At least one of the inline and cross-line irregularities is dynamic and may be due to source, vessel(s) and/or streamer steering.

Abstract: A submerged front end buoy has a body with a connecting mechanism for connecting to a lead-in cable and a seismic streamer. A depth adjustment mechanism is disposed within the body to set a depth of the submerged front end buoy and includes an adjustable buoyancy mechanism and a plurality of wings extending from an exterior surface of the body.

Abstract: A method and a system of acquiring and processing multi-source broadband marine seismic data in such a way that at least a part of said acquired data is partially or fully de-ghosted on the receiver side and then partially or fully re-assembled to a pre-stack dataset. At least one non-uniformly horizontal streamer is towed and at least two seismic sources emit seismic signals at spaced apart positions. Further presented is a method of processing marine seismic data by using the thus resulting notch diversity in these two (or more) seismic records to de-ghost the dataset, gathering two or more recorded seismic signals having substantially the same source-sensor offset and substantially the same common mid-point at different sensor depths, the sensor depths at least different enough to enable identification of seismic signals originating from ghosting. The gather is de-ghosted, thus obtaining seismic data with significantly broader bandwidth.

Abstract: Presented are methods and systems for regularizing content of multi-component seismic data. The method includes a step of receiving the seismic data, wherein the seismic data includes pressure and particle motion measurements and a step of regularizing and frequency optimizing the seismic data to desired positions based on Fresnel zones selected at various depths in a subsurface to obtain a regularized seismic dataset.

Abstract: A method and a system of acquiring and processing multi-source broadband marine seismic data in such a way that at least a part of said acquired data is partially or fully de-ghosted on the receiver side and then partially or fully re-assembled to a pre-stack dataset. At least one non-uniformly horizontal streamer is towed and at least two seismic sources emit seismic signals at spaced apart positions. Further presented is a method of processing marine seismic data by using the thus resulting notch diversity in these two (or more) seismic records to de-ghost the dataset, gathering two or more recorded seismic signals having substantially the same source-sensor offset and substantially the same common mid-point at different sensor depths, the sensor depths at least different enough to enable identification of seismic signals originating from ghosting. The gather is de-ghosted, thus obtaining seismic data with significantly broader bandwidth.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a streamer cable for use in marine seismic exploration. Further, a method for reducing noise generation in marine seismic exploration is described, as well as a method for the preparation of the said seismic cables.