Abstract: The invention relates to a method for airborne-sound acoustic monitoring of an exterior and/or an interior of a vehicle, in which at least one microphone (1) is used to convert airborne sound into an electrical signal (S) and to route it for evaluation purposes to a device for voice and/or sound recognition (2). According to the invention, the electrical signal (S) is subjected to a pre-evaluation in a device for trigger detection (3), and detection of a trigger results in the device for voice and/or sound recognition (2) being moved from an inactive or partially active state to a fully active state by means of the device for trigger detection (3). Further, the invention relates to an apparatus for airborne-sound acoustic monitoring of an exterior and/or an interior of a vehicle and to a vehicle having such an apparatus. The subject matter of the invention is also a computer-readable storage medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for airborne-sound acoustic monitoring of an exterior and/or an interior of a vehicle, in which at least one microphone (1) is used to convert airborne sound into an electrical signal (S) and to route it for evaluation purposes to a device for voice and/or sound recognition (2). According to the invention, the electrical signal (S) is subjected to a pre-evaluation in a device for trigger detection (3), and detection of a trigger results in the device for voice and/or sound recognition (2) being moved from an inactive or partially active state to a fully active state by means of the device for trigger detection (3). Further, the invention pe relates to an apparatus for airborne-sound acoustic monitoring of an exterior and/or an interior of a vehicle and to a vehicle having such an apparatus. The subject matter of the invention is also a computer-readable storage medium.

Abstract: A bus system has a daisy-chain configuration. The bus system includes a master unit and a plurality of slave units that are serially connected to the master unit downstream thereof via a line system. A first one of the slave units first connected downstream of the master unit is configured to invert a request signal, which is provided by the master unit and received via a first line section of the line system, and to output the inverted request signal on a second line section of the line system leading to an adjacent, second one of the slave units.

Abstract: A bus system has a daisy-chain configuration. The bus system includes a master unit and a plurality of slave units that are serially connected to the master unit downstream thereof via a line system. A first one of the slave units first connected downstream of the master unit is configured to invert a request signal, which is provided by the master unit and received via a first line section of the line system, and to output the inverted request signal on a second line section of the line system leading to an adjacent, second one of the slave units.

Abstract: A method for serial data transmission between a position-measuring device and subsequent electronics over a bidirectional data channel includes transmitting data in data frames and in encoded form in accordance with a data transmission code. The data transmission in each case is initiated by an interface unit at a transmitter end with a start sequence having an encoding scheme that at least partially differs from an encoding scheme of a remainder of the data frames. After a reversal of data direction, an interface unit at a receiver end detects a beginning of the data transmission in each case by detection of the start sequence.

Abstract: A data selection system and a method for data selection by means of a touch-sensitive surface are disclosed. The method comprises sensing a first touch position on the touch-sensitive surface and tracking a movement from the first touch position to a second touch position. The method additionally comprises calculating at least one geometric parameter from the first touch position, the second touch position and a reference position, and effecting a data selection within a data range in dependence on the geometric parameter.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for retrieving a data point (operating data) of a switch via a device which does not recognize the data point of the switch and which can only retrieve such data points of a switch. The device is connected to the switch via a data connection for retrieval. In an embodiment, the switch has a data set in which the data point is described including the use of said data point. The device retrieves the data set during the data connection and extracts at least the description and the use of the data point of the switch from the data set. The device retrieves said data point that is recognized by the device at least for the duration of the data connection and processes said data point using the extracted description and use.

Abstract: A method for serial data transmission between a position-measuring device and subsequent electronics over a bidirectional data channel includes transmitting data in data frames and in encoded form in accordance with a data transmission code. The data transmission in each case is initiated by an interface unit at a transmitter end with a start sequence having an encoding scheme that at least partially differs from an encoding scheme of a remainder of the data frames. After a reversal of data direction, an interface unit at a receiver end detects a beginning of the data transmission in each case by detection of the start sequence.

Abstract: A data selection system and a method for data selection by means of a touch-sensitive surface are disclosed. The method comprises sensing a first touch position on the touch-sensitive surface and tracking a movement from the first touch position to a second touch position. The method additionally comprises calculating at least one geometric parameter from the first touch position, the second touch position and a reference position, and effecting a data selection within a data range in dependence on the geometric parameter.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for retrieving a data point (operating data) of a switch via a device which does not recognize the data point of the switch and which can only retrieve such data points of a switch. The device is connected to the switch via a data connection for retrieval. In an embodiment, the switch has a data set in which the data point is described including the use of said data point. The device retrieves the data set during the data connection and extracts at least the description and the use of the data point of the switch from the data set. The device retrieves said data point that is recognized by the device at least for the duration of the data connection and processes said data point using the extracted description and use.

Abstract: A test system (1) comprises a system-on-chip with a memory (7) for storing sample data; and a dynamic test engine (4) to control input of dynamic test waveforms including sinusoidal waveforms to an ADC under test (15) and to determine device under test dynamic parameters by analysing the samples. A linear test engine (5) determines device under test (15) static parameters, and controls input of ramp input waveforms to the ADC. A test controller (2) performs finite sate machine control of testing including applying test waveforms, dumping samples to the memory (7), and retrieving static and dynamic results. A DAC (3) generates controlled waveform generation under instructions from the test engines, and an interface (10) communicates with an external host. The components are linked with a bus (11) and are modular.

Abstract: A method includes ascertaining harmonic components of a periodic analog signal at a fundamental frequency which changes over time. The signal is digitized and fast Fourier transformed. A target signal is produced by modulating the signal using a first carrier frequency to form two frequency sidebands, the first carrier frequency being greater than the fundamental frequency of the signal. One of the two frequency sidebands of the modulated signal is filtered. The filtered frequency sideband is modulated using a second carrier frequency forming two frequency sidebands. The second carrier frequency is greater than the fundamental frequency of the signal. The difference between the second and first carrier frequencies is the same as the difference between the fundamental frequency and the target fundamental frequency. One of these two frequency sidebands is output as the target signal to calculate the fast Fourier transformation.

Abstract: A test system (1) comprises a system-on-chip with a memory (7) for storing sample data; and a dynamic test engine (4) to control input of dynamic test waveforms including sinusoidal waveforms to an ADC under test (15) and to determine device under test dynamic parameters by analysing the samples. A linear test engine (5) determines device under test (15) static parameters, and controls input of ramp input waveforms to the ADC. A test controller (2) performs finite sate machine control of testing including applying test waveforms, dumping samples to the memory (7), and retrieving static and dynamic results. A DAC (3) generates controlled waveform generation under instructions from the test engines, and an interface (10) communicates with an external host. The components are linked with a bus (11) and are modular.

Abstract: A system is disclosed, in particular for digitizing a time-continuous and value-continuous periodic signal with a respective firmly predefined number of samples per period. In at least one embodiment, the system includes an A/D converter for digitizing an analog AC signal applied to the input of the A/D converter, the converter including a single-bit modulator which converts the AC signal into a first data stream of temporally immediately successive single-bit data words at a predefined operating clock rate; and a downstream decimation filter which respectively aggregates a predefined number of temporally immediately successive single-bit data words in the first data stream into respective temporally immediately successive n-bit data words which form a second data stream which corresponds to a digitization of the AC signal at a sampling frequency which is derived from the operating clock rate and the predefined number by way of division.

Abstract: A microprocessor system includes a plurality of microprocessors which are connected to one another by signaling technology. In order to temporally synchronize the microprocessors in a relatively simple manner, it is proposed in at least one embodiment that provision be made of a central clock generator which outputs a clock signal in the form of temporally successive pulses to all microprocessors in a parallel manner, that provision be made of a master which can switch the output of the clock signal on and off, that all microprocessors sum the clock signal from the central clock generator in the form of a counter reading in each case, that the master be able to reset the counter readings of all microprocessors. In at least one embodiment, in order to synchronize all microprocessors, the master first of all interrupt the output of the clock signal, then set all counter readings to a defined value, and then cancel the interruption of the output of the clock signal again.

Abstract: A system is disclosed, in particular for digitizing a time-continuous and value-continuous periodic signal with a respective firmly predefined number of samples per period. In at least one embodiment, the system includes an A/D converter for digitizing an analog AC signal applied to the input of the A/D converter, the converter including a single-bit modulator which converts the AC signal into a first data stream of temporally immediately successive single-bit data words at a predefined operating clock rate; and a downstream decimation filter which respectively aggregates a predefined number of temporally immediately successive single-bit data words in the first data stream into respective temporally immediately successive n-bit data words which form a second data stream which corresponds to a digitization of the AC signal at a sampling frequency which is derived from the operating clock rate and the predefined number by way of division.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for ascertaining the harmonic components of a periodic analog signal at a fundamental frequency which changes over time. The analog signal is digitized and then fast Fourier transformation of the signal is performed.

Abstract: The invention provides a membrane for cross-flow filtering of a fluid to be treated, said membrane comprising an inorganic rigid porous support defining at least one flow channel for the fluid to be treated flowing in a given direction, the surface of the channel being covered in at least one separator layer separating out from the fluid to be treated a fraction referred to as the permeate which passes through the layer and the support. According to the invention, the separator layer presents a thickness gradient that decreases in the flow direction of the fluid to be treated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a monolithic, porous, ceramic shaped body and to the shaped bodies produced according to this method. Said shaped body is used predominantly as a support material for porous, inorganic and/or organic membranes for the flow filtration of liquids and gases. The aim of the invention is to provide a method for producing a shaped body consisting substantially of TiO2 with an open porosity >10%, an average pore size of between 1 and 50 &mgr;m and a mechanical stability >20 N/mm2. To achieve this, a first TiO2-powder fraction is pre-sintered at temperatures >1200° C.

Abstract: The invention provides a membrane for cross-flow filtering of a fluid to be treated, said membrane comprising an inorganic rigid porous support defining at least one flow channel for the fluid to be treated flowing in a given direction, the surface of the channel being covered in at least one separator layer separating out from the fluid to be treated a fraction referred to as the permeate which passes through the layer and the support. According to the invention, the separator layer presents a thickness gradient that decreases in the flow direction of the fluid to be treated.