Abstract: A network management system (NMS) is described that provides a granular troubleshooting workflow at an application session level using an application session-specific topology from a client device to a cloud-based application server. During an application session of a cloud-based application, a client device running the application exchanges data through one or more access point (AP) devices, one or more switches at a wired network edge, and one or more network nodes, e.g., switches, routers, and/or gateway devices, to reach a cloud-based application server. For a particular application session, the NMS generates a topology based on network data received from a subset of network devices, e.g., client devices, AP devices, switches, routers, and/or gateways, that were involved in the particular application session over a duration of the particular application session. In this way, the NMS enables backward-looking troubleshooting of the particular application session.

Abstract: A network management system (NMS) is described that provides a granular troubleshooting workflow at an application session level using an application session-specific topology from a client device to a cloud-based application server. During an application session of a cloud-based application, a client device running the application exchanges data through one or more access point (AP) devices, one or more switches at a wired network edge, and one or more network nodes, e.g., switches, routers, and/or gateway devices, to reach a cloud-based application server. For a particular application session, the NMS generates a topology based on network data received from a subset of network devices, e.g., client devices, AP devices, switches, routers, and/or gateways, that were involved in the particular application session over a duration of the particular application session. In this way, the NMS enables backward-looking troubleshooting of the particular application session.

Abstract: A method of constructing a bridge including forming a concrete slab remote from a the bridge, the slab having a side with at least one bolt hole therein, orienting the side of the concrete slab substantially parallel to the side of a girder so that the bolt hole of the concrete slab is aligned with a bolt hole in the side of the girder and connecting the bolt hole of the concrete slab with the bolt hole of the girder using a bracket and a pair of bolts.