Abstract: This invention relates to a synthetic method for the preparation of Compound 1 and precursors thereof. Compound 1 is prepared via reaction of isoxazole 2 with phenylether (R)-3-ONa.

Abstract: A method for characterizing a photonic integrated circuit comprising includes coupling an evanescent field into a scattering element adjacent to a guiding layer of the photonic integrated circuit. The evanescent field is of an optical mode of light propagating in the guiding layer, and has an in-medium wavelength in the guiding layer. A maximum spatial dimension of the scattering element is less than the in-medium wavelength. The method includes scattering, with the scattering element, the coupled evanescent field as a reference scattered-signal. The method also includes detecting one of the reference scattered-signal and a signal derived therefrom.

Abstract: A stress-induced polarization converter in the form of a zero power optical window or, alternatively, a single element, positive or negative power optical lens, that is subject to a controlled amount of symmetric, peripheral stress. The stress may be provided by appropriate mechanical, thermal, hydraulic, electromagnetic/piezo, annealing/molding, or other known techniques and may be trigonal or four-fold. Axial foci can be created by applying the controlled, symmetric, peripheral stress. The separation distance between the foci can be controlled by controlling the magnitude of the applied symmetric, peripheral stress.

Abstract: A system for applications, such as imaging, lithography, data storage, and inspection, includes an optical element, at least one structure, and a source of light. The structure is at least partially in and at least adjacent a surface of the optical element. The source of light has a mode profile that provides an electric field which has a vector component substantially perpendicular to a surface of the optical element. The source of light is positioned to propagate at least a portion of the light through the optical element onto the object. The structure enhances the electric field of the light which optically interacts with the object.

Abstract: A stress-induced polarization converter in the form of a zero power optical window or, alternatively, a single element, positive or negative power optical lens, that is subject to a controlled amount of symmetric, peripheral stress. The stress may be provided by appropriate mechanical, thermal, hydraulic, electromagnetic/piezo, annealing/molding, or other known techniques. The applied symmetric stress will advantageously be trigonal or four-fold, but is not so limited. Advantageously, the polarization converter will be exhibit greater than about one wave of retardation and, in a particular advantageous aspect, will exhibit at least two waves of phase retardation. The stressed lens or window will be characterized by a smoothly varying birefringence that, near center, will exhibit substantially circular contours of equal birefringence. When illuminated by circularly polarized light, the polarization converter will produce concentric rings of alternating right and left circular polarization.

Abstract: A system for converting the polarization state of an optical beam which propagates along a path from an initial polarization state into an inhomogeneous polarization state includes a first isotropic material and a first anisotropic material. The first anisotropic material is positioned adjacent to the first isotropic material in a substantially transverse manner relative to the path of the optical beam. The first anisotropic material has a first alignment axis that produces one of a radially, azimuthally, and counter-rotationally polarized optical beam when substantially aligned with respect to a polarization axis of the optical beam.

Abstract: An optical filter includes a dielectric waveguide layer, supporting waveguide modes at specific wavelengths and receiving incident light, a corrugated film layer, composed of one of a metal and a semiconductor and positioned adjacent to a second surface of the waveguide layer and a sensor layer, wherein the sensor layer is capable of absorbing optical energy and generating a corresponding electrical signal. The metal film layer supports a plurality of plasmons, the plurality of plasmons producing a first field and is excited by a transverse mode of the waveguide modes at a wavelength interval. The first field penetrates the sensor layer and the sensor layer generates an electrical signal corresponding to an intensity of received incident light within the wavelength interval.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing an inhomogeneously polarized optical beam from a homogeneously polarized input optical beam includes a first phase shifter, a second phase shifter, and one or more polarization beam splitters. The first phase shifter shifts at least one portion of a first part of the input optical beam by a first phase. The second phase shifter shifts at least one portion of a second part of the input optical beam by substantially the first phase. The one or more polarization beam splitters split the input optical beam into the first part and the second part and combine the phase shifted portion and substantially all other portions of the first part of the input optical beam with the phase shifted portion and substantially all other portions of the second part of the input optical beam to produce the inhomogeneously polarized optical beam.

Abstract: An optically recorded article comprising a pattern of isomerized material in two isomeric forms in a matrix, wherein one of the isomeric forms is capable of being converted to the other form by one-electron oxidation and wherein said matrix was polymerized in-situ.

Abstract: An optical waveguide is provided. Specifically, a low loss isotopic optical waveguide that comprises a core region having a first refractive index profile by virtue of comprising a first mixture of isotopes of at least one element, and a cladding region having a second refractive index by virtue of comprising a second mixture of isotopes of said at least one element, is provided. Preferably said at least one element comprises silicon and/or oxygen. The optical waveguide may further include germania dopant in the core. A method of preparing the optical waveguide of the present invention is also provided.

Abstract: A system for applications, such as imaging, lithography, data storage, and inspection, includes an optical element, at least one structure, and a source of light. The structure is at least partially in and at least adjacent a surface of the optical element. The source of light has a mode profile that provides an electric field which has a vector component substantially perpendicular to a surface of the optical element. The source of light is positioned to propagate at least a portion of the light through the optical element onto the object. The structure enhances the electric field of the light which optically interacts with the object.

Abstract: A structure of periodically varying density is provided, that acts as a phonon resonator for phonons capable of participating in phonon-electron interactions. Specifically, a phonon resonator that is resonant for phonons of appropriate momentum to participate in indirect radiative transitions and/or inter zone intervalley scattering events is provided. Preferably, the structure is an isotope superlattice, most preferably of silicon. The structure of the present invention has improved optical, electrical, and/or heat transfer properties. A method of preparing a the structure of the present invention is also provided.

Abstract: An optoelectronic device for coupling between an external optical wave and a local optical wave. The local wave is supported by a multiplicity of electrodes and a structure associated with the electrodes. The electrodes are spaced in a substantially regular pattern and are adapted for two functions. First, the electrodes resonantly couple between the external wave and the local wave. Second, the electrodes allow a potential difference between adjacent electrodes.

Abstract: A removable flexible chain cover assembly for enclosing the drivetrain of a bicycle during storage and transport and protecting the surroundings from contact with the grease and dirt and sharp components of the drivetrain.

Abstract: A shower curtain support arm which mounts on a shower rod without inhibiting the sliding movement of the curtain, and when locked in position controls the position of the shower curtain to hold the curtain away from a bather.

Abstract: A system used for determining and recording the location of a vehicle during the occurence of predetermined events. The vehicle is equipped with a sensor or sensors which respond to the occurrence of the predetermined events. The sensors are connected to a navigational system which receive positional information from a navigational transmitter. The navigational system then computes the positional information, such as latitude and longitude of the vehicle, and stores this information in a data collector on the vehicle. The date and time of day of the occurrence of the events may also be stored along with the positional information.

Abstract: An efficient solid state light emitting device wherein sulphur is used to provide isoelectronic centers in silicon which bind excitons which emit light at a wavelength of 1.32 microns (um) and are particularly adapted for use in integrated opto-electronic circuits and in launching optical signals in single mode optical fibers.

Abstract: Tags capable of wirelessly transmitting unique codes when energized by radio frequency (RF) energy are used to identify a variety of different locations and objects. A portable battery-powered unit having digital storage capabilities is designed to be transported to the general location of the tagged locations and objects. The user moves an RF antenna sufficiently close to the tag to energize it and cause the tag to transmit its code. The detected code is then stored in digital form in a memory. The location tags contain an association or master list of the objects associated with that particular location. The method finds particular utility in performing inventory control of furniture or other objects since the tags can be mounted at points thereon that are not readily observable, thereby preserving their aesthetic appearance.

Abstract: A cutter for trimming plastic pipe which has been roughed in with an end projecting through an opening in a floor so that the trimmed end is in fixed relation, above or below, the surface of the floor. The cutter comprises a housing with its lower end riding on the surface of the floor, an internal saw with its cutting edge in a plane parallel to the surface of the floor received within the pipe end adjacent one side of the pipe and vertically adjustable to establish the level of cutting, and internal guide fingers exerting a thrust on the side of the pipe opposite the saw and adjustable to move the housing sufficiently to force the saw through the wall of the pipe end after which the fingers guide further rotation of the housing about the axis of the pipe end to complete the cut.