Abstract: An apparatus for detecting the temperature of an electrochemical energy storage system, in particular for use in a motor vehicle, includes a temperature sensor unit. The energy storage system has one or more storage cells with, in each case, two connection terminals for making electric contact therewith. The connection terminals are in electric contact via connection elements. In order to detect a temperature corresponding to an internal temperature of the storage cells, a respective temperature sensor of the temperature sensor unit is arranged on a connection terminal of at least one of the storage cells of the energy storage system.

Abstract: Solid oxide fuel cells with a metal bearing structure, having passage orifices for a gas and intended for a cathode-electrolyte-anode unit. A bipolar plate is provided on the other side of the bearing structure, or the like. The bearing structure is made of a metal, which forms a protective oxide layer, which is electrically insulating, and operates as an electric resistance heating element for adjusting the fuel cell temperature. An electric current may be guided through the bearing structure between its protective oxide layers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel cell stack which is composed of several individual fuel cells that are stacked on top of each other. Each of said fuel cells comprises a cathode-electrolyte-anode unit (7) and a perforated film (1) which distributes a combustible gas across the first electrode surface thereof, supports the cathode-electrolyte-anode unit (7), and is combined into a cassette (4) that is provided with a hollow space along with an additional structure (3). The combustible gas reaches the first electrode (7A) via said cassette (4).

Abstract: Solid oxide fuel cells with a metal bearing structure, having passage orifices for a gas and intended for a cathode-electrolyte-anode unit. A bipolar plate is provided on the other side of the bearing structure, or the like. The bearing structure is made of a metal, which forms a protective oxide layer, which is electrically insulating, and operates as an electric resistance heating element for adjusting the fuel cell temperature. An electric current may be guided through the bearing structure between its protective oxide layers.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes a cathode-electrolyte-anode unit, and a perforated foil structure distributes fuel gas over an electrode surface thereof. Longitudinal axes of at least some of the holes forming perforations in the foil are inclined differently relative to the foil surface such that, near a fuel gas feed, the outlet openings of the holes facing the electrode are oriented at least slightly toward the area of the fuel gas outlet from the fuel cell. Near a fuel gas outlet, the inlet openings of the holes facing the electrode are oriented at least slightly to the area of the fuel gas feed. However, holes whose inlet openings facing away from the electrode are oriented toward the fuel gas feed, and holes whose outlet openings facing away from the electrode are oriented toward the fuel gas outlet, may also be arranged alternately side-by-side.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composite system comprising an electrode and a membrane, which can be used as a fuel cell element or an ion-exchange membrane.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell with an electrolyte layer on a porous primer having an electrolyte material. For the electrolyte layer, nanoparticles are preferably used. As a result of sintering at a relatively low temperature, the nanoparticles lead to a thin gas-tight electrolyte layer.

Abstract: A fuel cell including a carrier substrate for an electrode layer of a cathode-electrolyte-anode unit is provided. The substrate is made of a corrosion-resistant material, is permeable to a combustible gas or oxygen, and is integrally joined to a metallic frame or plate. An electrically conductive material is supplied on the carrier substrate to provide maximum conductivity across the substrate. Preferably, the corrosion-resistant material is a chromium steel with an aluminum oxide or silicon oxide layer, while the electrically conductive material may be Ni, Cu, or Co. Wires, wire pieces, or chips made of the electrically conductive material can be integrated into the permeable structure. Alternatively, the electrically conductive material may be particles impregnated in the carrier substrate as a powder, slurry, or suspension. The electrically conductive material may also be applied in the form of a dissolved salt which is converted at start-up if the fuel cell.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes a cathode-electrolyte-anode unit, and a perforated foil structure distributes fuel gas over an electrode surface thereof. Longitudinal axes of at least some of the holes forming perforations in the foil are inclined differently relative to the foil surface such that, near a fuel gas feed, the outlet openings of the holes facing the electrode are oriented at least slightly toward the area of the fuel gas outlet from the fuel cell. Near a fuel gas outlet, the inlet openings of the holes facing the electrode are oriented at least slightly to the area of the fuel gas feed. However, holes whose inlet openings facing away from the electrode are oriented toward the fuel gas feed, and holes whose outlet openings facing away from the electrode are oriented toward the fuel gas outlet, may also be arranged alternately side-by-side.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack comprises several mutually stacked fuel cells, each of which has a cathode-electrolyte-anode unit, and a perforated foil for distributing a fuel gas over a first electrode surface. The foil carries the cathode-electrolyte-anode unit and is assembled with a further structure to form an enclosure having a cavity through which fuel gas flows to the first electrode. Opposite the cathode-electrolyte-anode unit, each enclosure has a distribution configuration for distributing air-oxygen over the surface of the second electrode of an adjacent enclosure, so that a cathode-electrolyte-anode unit and a distribution configuration are situated between the foil and the further structure of adjacent enclosures in the stack. In addition, the stack contains at least one bracing enclosure whose walls have an impermeable construction and which is filled with a material expands when heated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a hollow fiber membrane module or a capillary membrane module as well as a device having such a module. In the method, hollow fibers or capillaries are placed, in an unsintered state, in a mold structured for receiving the hollow fibers or capillaries and are sintered once inside the mold. Subsequently or simultaneously, the fibers are potted in the mold. The method permits producing hollow fiber membrane modules or capillary membrane modules in a simple manner with little risk of breakage.

Abstract: A device for monitoring a processing liquid comprising at least one sensor for generating at least one monitoring signal, and a device for processing the monitoring signal and for generating a control signal for directly or indirectly influencing the composition or condition of the processing liquid. A device is also provided for detecting, storing, and maintaining the reliability of performance of the sensor. In addition, actuators are provided for converting given criteria or specified values.