Abstract: A method for producing value documents and a sensor system for quality control during the production of value documents, wherein a first optical radiation emanating from a first semi-finished product is captured with a first sensitivity and a first resolution and is tested on the basis of a first test criterion. If the first test criterion is satisfied, the following steps are carried out: introducing and/or applying at least one feature substance into and/or onto the first semifinished product, wherein a value document or a second semifinished product is obtained; capturing a second optical radiation emanating from the value document or the second semifinished product with at least one second sensitivity and at least one second resolution; and testing the second optical radiation on the basis of at least one second test criterion.

Abstract: A sensor and a method for checking value documents are provided, each having a luminescent sheet-like substrate and a luminescent feature applied to a partial surface of the substrate, and to a value document processing apparatus. From the spectral vectors obtained for a plurality of measurement points and characterizing the intensity of the luminescent radiation of the value document detected in at least two spectral ranges, substrate intensity values and feature intensity values are determined, based on which a pure substrate mask is determined, which contains only those measurement points which reliably lie outside the feature. From the spectral vectors of the measurement points contained in the pure substrate mask, a mean substrate vector is determined, based on which corrected substrate intensity values and corrected feature intensity values and/or a spectral signature of the substrate and/or of the feature are or is, respectively, determined from the spectral vectors.

Abstract: A sensor element for testing a planar data carrier having a spin resonance feature. The sensor element comprises a magnetic core having an air gap, and at least one dividing gap, along which the magnetic core is divisible into two or more parts. The sensor element includes a polarization device for generating a static magnetic flux in the air gap. The magnetic core has at least one magnetic potentiometer switchable between two states. A first state has a first magnetic reluctance and, in the first state of the magnetic potentiometer, the sensor element is set up for a measurement on a spin resonance feature of a data carrier introduced into the air gap, A second state has a second, different magnetic reluctance and, in the second state of the magnetic potentiometer, the sensor element is set up for a division of the magnetic core along the dividing gap.

Abstract: A method for checking value documents involves the steps of: irradiating, by an excitation device, a first side of the value document with excitation radiation for exciting luminescence of a luminescent substance on the value document, such that the first side is a back side of the value document, capturing luminescence radiation which was excited by excitation of the luminescent substance at a front side of the value document by at least a part of the excitation radiation after transmission through the substrate of the value document and exits the value document at least partly at the back side of the value document after transmission through the value document, by a capture device, and checking the value document in dependence on at least one property of the captured luminescence radiation by means of an evaluation device.

Abstract: A method for producing a data carrier includes a luminescent security element having at least two subregions, which at least do not completely overlap one another.

Abstract: A sensor element for checking the authenticity of a planar data carrier, in particular a banknote, has a spin resonance feature. The sensor element contains a magnetic core having an air gap, into which the planar data carrier can be inserted for authentication and which defines an axial direction extending between the adjoining surfaces of the magnetic core, a polarization device for generating a static magnetic flux in the air gap, a modulation device for generating a time-varying magnetic modulation field in the air gap, and a resonator for exciting the spin resonance feature of the data carrier to be checked. The modulation device is formed by at least one planar coil arranged in the air gap, which planar coil has one or more turns about the axial direction of the air gap in one plane. The disclosure also relates to a checking device having such a sensor element.

Abstract: A method for testing a value document having a luminescence feature involves guiding the value document past a test sensor in a transport direction. A scanning sequence occurs that repeats itself multiple times upon guiding the value document past the test sensor. The method involves irradiating a test region of the test sensor such that the test radiation is arranged to be remitted by the value document at least partially in a detection spectral range of the test sensor. Excitation radiation is arranged to cause an emission radiation of the luminescence feature in the detection spectral range. The method further involves scanning at least one location-dependent remission spectral value in the test region in the first irradiation phase, irradiating the test region only with the excitation radiation in a second irradiation phase, and scanning at least one location-dependent emission spectral value in the test region after the first irradiation phase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, a sensor, a sensor unit and a bank-note processing machine for checking the completeness and/or authenticity of value documents. A value document comprises at least one machine-readable feature substance in at the least two locations. According to the method, the value document is excited at least locally at measuring locations. Furthermore, a feature intensity with respect to the machine-readable feature substance is captured location-resolved at several different locations of the value document. The location-based feature intensities are classified location-based with the help of a threshold value. Furthermore, location-based limits of a location distribution to be expected of the machine-readable feature substance are determined. Finally, a location-based distribution of the classified feature intensities is assessed.

Abstract: A sensor and a method for checking value documents are provided, each having a luminescent sheet-like substrate and a luminescent feature applied to a partial surface of the substrate, and to a value document processing apparatus. From the spectral vectors obtained for a plurality of measurement points and characterizing the intensity of the luminescent radiation of the value document detected in at least two spectral ranges, substrate intensity values and feature intensity values are determined, based on which a pure substrate mask is determined, which contains only those measurement points which reliably lie outside the feature. From the spectral vectors of the measurement points contained in the pure substrate mask, a mean substrate vector is determined, based on which corrected substrate intensity values and corrected feature intensity values and/or a spectral signature of the substrate and/or of the feature are or is, respectively, determined from the spectral vectors.

Abstract: A method for checking value documents involves the steps of: irradiating, by an excitation device, a first side of the value document with excitation radiation for exciting luminescence of a luminescent substance on the value document, such that the first side is a back side of the value document, capturing luminescence radiation which was excited by excitation of the luminescent substance at a front side of the value document by at least a part of the excitation radiation after transmission through the substrate of the value document and exits the value document at least partly at the back side of the value document after transmission through the value document, by a capture device, and checking the value document in dependence on at least one property of the captured luminescence radiation by means of an evaluation device.

Abstract: A security transfer element includes a security element layer composite with a functional layer arranged to develop an optically variable effect for a viewer. On the opposite side of the functional layer with respect to the viewer, the security element layer composite has at least one luminescent substance. The luminescent substance has a primary emission wavelength and can be excited by an excitation radiation. The functional layer is configured to be opaque to the emission radiation of the luminescent substance. The security transfer element comprises a carrier film, and the security element layer composite is arranged on the carrier film in a detachable manner. The security element layer composite comprises a functional layer and an adhesive layer. The functional layer has an embossing lacquer with an embossed structure. The embossing lacquer is coated with a metallization. The adhesive layer comprises several luminescent substances.

Abstract: A method for testing a value document having a luminescence feature involves guiding the value document past a test sensor in a transport direction. A scanning sequence occurs that repeats itself multiple times upon guiding the value document past the test sensor. The method involves irradiating a test region of the test sensor such that the test radiation is arranged to be remitted by the value document at least partially in a detection spectral range of the test sensor. Excitation radiation is arranged to cause an emission radiation of the luminescence feature in the detection spectral range. The method further involves scanning at least one location-dependent remission spectral value in the test region in the first irradiation phase, irradiating the test region only with the excitation radiation in a second irradiation phase, and scanning at least one location-dependent emission spectral value in the test region after the first irradiation phase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, a sensor, a sensor unit and a bank-note processing machine for checking the completeness and/or authenticity of value documents. A value document comprises at least one machine-readable feature substance in at the least two locations. According to the method, the value document is excited at least locally at measuring locations. Furthermore, a feature intensity with respect to the machine-readable feature substance is captured location-resolved at several different locations of the value document. The location-based feature intensities are classified location-based with the help of a threshold value. Furthermore, location-based limits of a location distribution to be expected of the machine-readable feature substance are determined. Finally, a location-based distribution of the classified feature intensities is assessed.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for checking value documents marked with feature substances, and to the corresponding feature substances. The feature substances are detected on the basis of Raman or SERS spectroscopy also at high transport speeds with a spatial resolution in the low millimeter region or better and reliably identified.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for checking value documents marked with feature substances, and to the corresponding feature substances. The feature substances are detected on the basis of Raman or SERS spectroscopy also at high transport speeds with a spatial resolution in the low millimeter region or better and reliably identified.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for checking value documents marked with feature substances, and to the corresponding feature substances. The feature substances are detected on the basis of Raman or SERS spectroscopy also at high transport speeds with a spatial resolution in the low millimeter region or better and reliably identified.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a layer system (1) for thin-film solar cells (100) and solar modules, comprising an absorber layer (4), which includes a chalcogenide compound semiconductor, and a buffer layer (5), which is arranged on the absorber layer (4) and includes halogen-enriched ZnxIn1-xSy with 0.01?x?0.9 and 1?y?2, wherein the buffer layer (5) consists of a first layer region (5.1) adjoining the absorber layer (4) with a halogen mole fraction A1 and a second layer region (5.2) adjoining the first layer region (5.1) with a halogen mole fraction A2 and the ratio A1/A2 is ?2 and the layer thickness (d1) of the first layer region (5.1) is ?50% of the layer thickness (d) of the buffer layer (5).

Abstract: A frameless solar module having a carrier substrate and a top layer connected thereto, between which there is a layer structure which forms a plurality of solar cells connected in series for the photovoltaic generation of power is described. The carrier substrate and/or the top layer of the frameless solar module is/are provided with mounting holes for mounting the solar module on a module bracket or for connection to at least one further solar module. The mounting holes are produced in a coating-free zone within a photovoltaically active region. Mounting arrangements having such a solar module which contain fixing elements which pass through the mounting holes are also described. Furthermore, a method for producing such a solar module in which the mounting holes are produced in the carrier substrate and/or in the top layer is also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a layer system (1) for thin-film solar cells with an absorber layer (4) that contains a chalcogenide compound semiconductor and a buffer layer (5) that is arranged on the absorber layer (4), wherein the buffer layer (5) contains NaxIn1SyClz with 0.05?x<0.2 or 0.2<x?0.5, 1?y?2, and 0.6?x/z ?1.4.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for checking value documents marked with feature substances, and to the corresponding feature substances. The feature substances are detected on the basis of Raman or SERS spectroscopy also at high transport speeds with a spatial resolution in the low millimeter region or better and reliably identified.