Abstract: The invention relates to a system for determining and/or monitoring a state variable of a measurement object comprising an analysis sensor, a control apparatus and a read-out apparatus. The analysis sensor is configured to be introducible into the measurement object for remaining within the same, to be sensitive to an ion type and to generate measurement data based on a concentration of the ion type in the measurement object. The control apparatus controls the analysis sensor with respect to the generation of the measurement data. The read-out apparatus reads the measurement data out of the analysis sensor. Further, the invention relates to a respective method.

Abstract: A joining method is for producing a sound transducer system. The method includes: providing a piezoelectric material and a plurality of components, each of the components being characterized by a solidus temperature; arranging the piezoelectric material and the plurality of components in the form of a stack, so that adjacent to a front face of the piezoelectric material there is a front stack part and adjacent to a rear face of the piezoelectric material there is a rear stack part; and consolidating the stack by the introduction of heat and pressure for a predetermined period of time, none of the solidus temperatures of the plurality of components being exceeded during the consolidation; and, during the consolidation, the piezoelectric material being directly acoustically coupled to an immediately adjacent component of the front and/or rear stack part.

Abstract: Described are a transducer made of at least three transducer elements which approximate a sector of an elementary wave with a virtual point source, and a transducer arrangement with three transducers made of at least three transducer elements, wherein the transducers, in the cross section, are disposed along the shorter base and the two non-parallel legs of a virtual trapezoid. Moreover, the invention relates to an ultrasonic probe system comprising the transducer arrangement according to the invention and an inspection method using a transducer made of at least three transducer elements, with the number of transducer elements experiencing a virtual increase.

Abstract: A method for checking a model temperature of an electrical machine ascertained by a temperature model. At least one manipulated variable relating to the electrical machine is specified by a regulation of the electrical machine as a function of a setpoint variable. A model value of the manipulated variable is ascertained as a function of the manipulated variable and the model temperature from a machine model comprising at least one temperature-dependent parameter. A difference between the actual manipulated variable of the regulation and the model value of the manipulated variable and/or a difference between a variable derived from the actual manipulated variable of the regulation and a corresponding further variable derived from the model value of the manipulated variable is ascertained. The difference is compared to a limiting value and, if the limiting value is exceeded, a deviation of the model temperature from an actual temperature of the electrical machine is detected.

Abstract: A sputter deposition method includes sputtering a first target material onto a web substrate moving through a first process module while heating the substrate, providing the substrate from the first process module to a connection unit containing a roller assembly including a plurality of cylindrical rollers, bending the substrate at an angle of 10° to 40° around the roller assembly in the connection unit, providing the substrate from the connection unit to a second process module, and sputtering a second target material onto the substrate moving through the second process module while heating the substrate.

Abstract: A deposition chamber includes a chamber wall, an optically transparent rod which extends through an aperture in the wall, such that a first end of the rod is exposed inside of the deposition chamber and an opposing second end of the rod is exposed outside of the deposition chamber, a compression collar which is selectively attached to an outer surface of the wall, such that the collar surrounds the second end of the rod, and a gasket disposed around the rod and compressed by the compression collar, such that the gasket secures the rod in the aperture and generates an air-tight seal.

Abstract: A sputter deposition method includes sputtering a first target material onto a web substrate moving through a first process module while heating the substrate, providing the substrate from the first process module to a connection unit containing a roller assembly including a plurality of cylindrical rollers, bending the substrate at an angle of 10° to 40° around the roller assembly in the connection unit, providing the substrate from the connection unit to a second process module, and sputtering a second target material onto the substrate moving through the second process module while heating the substrate.

Abstract: Described are a transducer made of at least three transducer elements which approximate a sector of an elementary wave with a virtual point source, and a transducer arrangement with three transducers made of at least three transducer elements, wherein the transducers, in the cross section, are disposed along the shorter base and the two non-parallel legs of a virtual trapezoid. Moreover, the invention relates to an ultrasonic probe system comprising the transducer arrangement according to the invention and an inspection method using a transducer made of at least three transducer elements, with the number of transducer elements experiencing a virtual increase.

Abstract: A shielded sputter deposition system and method, the system including a process module including: a vacuum enclosure configured to receive a moving substrate, sputtering targets disposed in the vacuum enclosure, each sputtering target including a target material, and a peripheral shield disposed between the and substrate and an interstitial space located between adjacent sputtering targets. The peripheral shield may be configured to at least partially block indirect deposition of sputtered target material onto the substrate and to permit direct deposition of the sputtered target material onto the substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for determining and/or monitoring a state variable of a measurement object comprising an analysis sensor, a control apparatus and a read-out apparatus. The analysis sensor is configured to be introducible into the measurement object for remaining within the same, to be sensitive to an ion type and to generate measurement data based on a concentration of the ion type in the measurement object. The control apparatus controls the analysis sensor with respect to the generation of the measurement data. The read-out apparatus reads the measurement data out of the analysis sensor. Further, the invention relates to a respective method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for recuperation based braking of a vehicle in which electrical energy generated during a braking process is decreased by operating at least one second electric machine of the vehicle in a zero slip mode in order to prevent overcharging of a traction battery of the vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for recuperation based braking of a vehicle in which electrical energy generated during a braking process is decreased by operating at lest one second electric machine of the vehicle in a zero slip mode in order to prevent overcharging of a traction battery of the vehicle.

Abstract: A method and a device for detecting discontinuities in a material region having at least one probe which has a plurality of ultrasonic transducer elements and having an evaluation and control device are proposed, in which the transducer elements are disposed diagonally at an angle to the surface of the material region and are actuated via delay elements in such a manner that a defocusing sound field is beamed in. The received signals of the transducer elements are supplied to a plurality of evaluation modules for parallel and simultaneous further processing for different angle values or angle ranges, the number of evaluation modules corresponding to the different angle values or ranges.

Abstract: A retail store has responsive environment apparatus installed which is controlled by processing apparatus. Trigger event sensors coupled to the processing apparatus, are positioned throughout the store. When customers enter and move about the store, the processing apparatus senses various trigger events and in response thereto creates a micro-environment in the vicinity of each customer, catering to the characteristics of that customer. The micro-environment physically moves as the customer moves about the store. The micro-environment is dynamic in that it is engaged in a continual response loop based on the response trigger events of the customer throughout this interactive cycle with the micro-environment.

Abstract: A retail store has responsive environment apparatus installed which is controlled by processing apparatus. Trigger event sensors coupled to the processing apparatus, are positioned throughout the store. When customers enter and move about the store, the processing apparatus senses various trigger events and in response thereto creates a micro-environment in the vicinity of each customer, catering to the characteristics of that customer. The micro-environment physically moves as the customer moves about the store. The micro-environment is dynamic in that it is engaged in a continual response loop based on the response trigger events of the customer throughout this interactive cycle with the micro-environment.

Abstract: A method and a device for detecting discontinuities in a material region having at least one probe which has a plurality of ultrasonic transducer elements and having an evaluation and control device are proposed, in which the transducer elements are disposed diagonally at an angle to the surface of the material region and are actuated via delay elements in such a manner that a defocusing sound field is beamed in. The received signals of the transducer elements are supplied to a plurality of evaluation modules for parallel and simultaneous further processing for different angle values or angle ranges, the number of evaluation modules corresponding to the different angle values or ranges.

Abstract: A retail store has responsive environment apparatus installed which is controlled by processing apparatus. Trigger event sensors coupled to the processing apparatus, are positioned throughout the store. When customers enter and move about the store, the processing apparatus senses various trigger events and in response thereto creates a micro-environment in the vicinity of each customer, catering to the characteristics of that customer. The micro-environment physically moves as the customer moves about the store. The micro-environment is dynamic in that it is engaged in a continual response loop based on the response trigger events of the customer throughout this interactive cycle with the micro-environment.

Abstract: In this invention the extrusion rate of melt extrudable thermoplastic perfluorocarbon polymers is enhanced by the addition of up to 1% by weight of a hydrocarbon polymer.