Abstract: A lens arrangement for an optical unit operating in a predetermined spectral range, includes at least two lenses (11-14, 114) of material, which transmits in the spectral range, and a common casing (15), in which the lenses are arranged sequentially. The lenses are at least substantially aligned radially, axially and angularly inclined relative to a common optical axis. Adjacent lenses in the sequence are mounted to allow relative movement therebetween. Abutment faces (2) of the lenses rest against one another. An elastic tensioner (21) pretensions the sequence of lenses in the axial direction. Only one of the lenses (11) in the sequence is axially aligned by way of the common casing. Only a portion of the lenses (11, 114) in the sequence are radially aligned by the common casing; the remaining lenses are aligned with respect to one another by the abutment faces of the respectively adjacent lenses.

Abstract: A lens arrangement for an optical unit operating in a predetermined spectral range, includes at least two lenses (11-14, 114) of material, which transmits in the spectral range, and a common casing (15), in which the lenses are arranged sequentially. The lenses are at least substantially aligned radially, axially and angularly inclined relative to a common optical axis. Adjacent lenses in the sequence are mounted to allow relative movement therebetween. Abutment faces (2) of the lenses rest against one another. An elastic tensioner (21) pretensions the sequence of lenses in the axial direction. Only one of the lenses (11) in the sequence is axially aligned by way of the common casing. Only a portion of the lenses (11, 114) in the sequence are radially aligned by the common casing; the remaining lenses are aligned with respect to one another by the abutment faces of the respectively adjacent lenses.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the continuous production of one or more olefins from an aqueous solution of corresponding alcohol(s) including: Providing a solid-free aqueous solution of the alcohol(s); putting the solution through a reactor, which is filled with a fixed-bed catalyst such that the solution comes into contact with the catalyst when flowing through the reactor at a temperature of at least 300° C. and a pressure of at least 220 bar in such a temperature/pressure combination that the alcohol(s) are reacted under supercritical conditions; and transferring a resulting two-stage mixture to a separator, in which the mixture is separated in a raw olefin gas phase and an aqueous liquid phase; wherein the catalyst is selected from among metal oxides having the properties of a Bronstedt acid, insoluble metallic or semi-metallic phosphates as well as porous materials selected from among pumice and carbon, the surface area of which is coated with inorganic acid groups.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to polymer particles comprising a polymer matrix having a coating of an inorganic semimetal oxide or metal oxide, wherein the polymer matrix has at least one first functional group A and at least one second functional group B, both functional groups A and B being able to enter into at least one covalent bond with one another, functional group A being selected from the group consisting of an azide group, C—C double bond, C—C triple bond, aldehyde group, ketone group, imine group, thioketone group and thiol group, and functional group B being selected from the group consisting of a C—C double bond, C—C triple bond, C—N triple bond, diene group, thiol group and amine group.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for recovering organic and inorganic phosphorous compounds from solid components of organic residues.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to polymer particles comprising a polymer matrix having a coating of an inorganic semimetal oxide or metal oxide, wherein the polymer matrix has at least one first functional group A and at least one second functional group B, both functional groups A and B being able to enter into at least one covalent bond with one another, functional group A being selected from the group consisting of an azide group, C —C double bond, C —C triple bond, aldehyde group, ketone group, imine group, thioketone group and thiol group, and functional group B being selected from the group consisting of a C —C double bond, C —C triple bond, C —N triple bond, diene group, thiol group and amine group.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the continuous production of one or more olefins from an aqueous solution of corresponding alcohol(s) comprising the following steps: Providing a solid-free aqueous solution of the alcohol(s), Putting said solution through a reactor, which is filled with a fixed-bed catalyst such that said solution comes into contact with the catalyst when flowing through said reactor at a temperature of at least 300° C. and a pressure of at least 220 bar in such a temperature/pressure combination that said alcohol(s) are reacted under supercritical conditions, and Transferring a resulting two-stage mixture to a separator, in which said mixture is separated in a raw olefin gas phase and an aqueous liquid phase, Wherein said catalyst is selected from among metal oxides having the properties of a Brønstedt acid, insoluble metallic or semi-metallic phosphates as well as porous materials selected from among pumice and carbon, the surface area of which is coated with inorganic acid groups.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to polymer particles comprising a polymer matrix having a coating of an inorganic semimetal oxide or metal oxide, wherein the polymer matrix has at least one first functional group A and at least one second functional group B, both functional groups A and B being able to enter into at least one covalent bond with one another, functional group A being selected from the group consisting of an azide group, C—C double bond, C—C triple bond, aldehyde group, ketone group, imine group, thioketone group and thiol group, and functional group B being selected from the group consisting of a C—C double bond, C—C triple bond, C—N triple bond, diene group, thiol group and amine group.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing polyalcohols in the form of sugar alcohols from the group comprising sorbitol and mannitol and other optional C2 to C6 polyols. According to said method, a monosaccharide, disaccharide, oligosaccharide, or polysaccharide containing at least one glucose unit and/or at least one fructose unit is continuously reacted with hydrogen at an elevated temperature and at a great pressure in an aqueous phase in the presence of a hydrogenating catalyst based on ruthenium or ruthenium oxide so as to obtain the inventive polyalcohols. The minimum temperature is set at 100° C. while the minimum pressure is set at 150 bar and the maximum dwell time of the reactants during catalytic hydrogenation is set at 600 s.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of a nitrogen containing epihalohydrin polymer involving reaction of a nitrogen-containing precursor selected from the group consisting of amines, poly-amines, polyaminoamides, polyurethanes and mixtures thereof with epihalohydrin to form of a solution of said epihalohydrin polymer, the process comprising a purification step to remove organic impurities from the formed solution of the epihalohydrin polymer, said purification step comprising contacting the solution of the epihalohydrin polymer with a fluid under liquid, supercritical or near supercritical conditions to effect extraction of organic impurities from the solution of the epihalohydrin polymer to the fluid, withdrawing fluid enriched in organic impurities from the solution of the epihalohydrin polymer, and separating extracted impurities from the withdrawn fluid, wherein the fluid comprises a substance that at atmospheric pressure and room temperature (about 25° C.) is gaseous.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing polyalcohols in the form of sugar alcohols from the group comprising sorbitol and mannitol and other optional C2 to C6 polyols. According to said method, a monosccharide, disaccharide, oligosaccharide, or polysaccharide containing at least one glucose unit and/or at least one fructose unit is continously reacted with hydrogen at an elevated temperature and at a great pressure in an aqueous phase in the presence of a hydrogenating catlyst based on ruthenium or ruthenium oxide so as to obtain the inventive polyalcohols. The minimum temperature is set at 100° C. while the minimum pressure is set at 150 bar and the maximum dwell time of the reactants during catalytic hydrogenation is set at 600 s.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of a nitrogen containing epihalohydrin polymer involving reaction of a nitrogen-containing precursor selected from the group consisting of amines, poly-amines, polyaminoamides, polyurethanes and mixtures thereof with epihalohydrin to form of a solution of said epihalohydrin polymer, the process comprising a purification step to remove organic impurities from the formed solution of the epihalohydrin polymer, said purification step comprising contacting the solution of the epihalohydrin polymer with a fluid under liquid, supercritical or near supercritical conditions to effect extraction of organic impurities from the solution of the epihalohydrin polymer to the fluid, withdrawing fluid enriched in organic impurities from the solution of the epihalohydrin polymer, and separating extracted impurities from the withdrawn fluid, wherein the fluid comprises a substance that at atmospheric pressure and room temperature (about 25° C.) is gaseous.

Abstract: A process for utilizing the material of ammonium-containing effluent which contains further soluble constituents and, possible additional solids, comprising: a) optionally separating off the solids, b) concentrating the substantially solids-free ammonium-containing effluent to give an aqueous concentrate having an increased content of ammonium and additional soluble constituents, with simultaneous recovery of substantially ammonium-free pure water, c) precipitating ammonium as magnesium ammonium phosphate from the ammonium-containing aqueous concentrate, and d) separating off precipitated magnesium ammonium phosphate with recovery of substantially ammonium-free residual concentrate which at least partially contains the additional soluble constituents.

Abstract: A process for utilizing the material of ammonium-containing effluent which contains further soluble constituents and, possible additional solids, comprising:

Abstract: A test device for vehicles has a wheel rotation speed sensor which is sensitive to magnetic fields. The test device, having a wheel rotation simulation device, contains a sensor stimulating magnet coil, which can be positioned in the magnetic field region of the sensor such that a magnetic field coupling is provided. A control unit, drives this magnet coil with an AC voltage at a frequency which determines the wheel rotation speed. This allows the performance of functional tests of components which are sensitive to wheel rotation speed while keeping the wheels stationary. In addition, a compact roller unit, which is preferably transportable, is provided in order to carry out actual wheel rotations in order to make it possible to test further components, such as the brake system or electronic transmission control.

Abstract: A method for detecting the motion and position state of a component of an inductive electric load. The component can be moved between two end positions by magnetic interaction, in which the total waveform of the drive current is divided into a plurality of states. By evaluating these individual states, comprehensive error diagnostics and a setting of operating parameters of the inductive electric load to operating conditions are possible.