Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure include an anode for a battery including a substrate, a metal film disposed on the substrate, and a film stack disposed on the metal film. The film stack includes a lithium carbonate film and a lithium halide film disposed on the lithium carbonate. The lithium carbonate film is disposed on the metal film.

Abstract: An underwater flotation safety device includes a base that may be positioned below the water surface of a swimming pool with ballast, a hook, or the like. A buoyant member is releasably coupled to the base and is also positioned below the water surface. A release member is positioned within a channel defined by the base for selectively releasing the buoyant member from the base. A transmitter is connected to the buoyant member for selectively transmitting a sing. A sensor for detecting a release of the buoyant member from the base is in communication with the transmitter for sending a signal when the buoyant member is released. An alarm unit remote from the transmitter includes a receiver for receiving the signal indicative of a release of the buoyant member. The alarm unit includes another transmitter for transmitting an emergency signal indicative of an emergency condition.