Abstract: The disclosure provides systems for 3D printing. A 3D printer system includes one or more sources of actinic radiation characterized at least by a powered state and an unpowered state. A resin enclosure is transmissive to the actinic radiation. A temperature control system thermally communicates with the resin enclosure and maintains the resin enclosure at a predetermined sub-ambient chilled state. A control circuit is in electrical communication with the sources of actinic radiation and the temperature control system. The control circuit includes first non-transitory logic to switch the sources of actinic radiation to the powered state when one or more threshold criteria is satisfied including a requirement the temperature control system is in a predetermined state causing the resin enclosure to be below a temperature. A second non-transitory logic switches the sources of actinic radiation to the unpowered state when one or more threshold criteria is not satisfied.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods of generating a modulus gradient in a polymeric silicone material, resin mixtures for such methods, and polymeric silicone materials thereof having at least a modulus gradient.

Abstract: An optimized solvent-based liquid metal composition includes a solution and a liquid metal mixed with the solution. The solution includes at least one solvent and a polymeric binder dissolved in the at least one solvent. Additionally or optionally, the composition includes a metallic filler. The ingredients of the composition are tailored to extend decap time while maintaining other beneficial properties to permit the use of the composition in various printing techniques.

Abstract: Described herein are conductive elastomeric foam materials and methods of making and using the same. The conductive elastomeric foam materials include a polymeric matrix, one or more conductive fillers, and one or more foaming agents. The polymeric matrix can include a thermoset polymer or a thermoplastic polymer. Also described herein are methods of making conductive elastomeric foam materials. Further described herein are molded products including the conductive elastomeric foam materials as described herein and wearable devices including the molded products.

Abstract: Described herein are polymers prepared from multifunctional monomers, according to a defined sequential reaction scheme in a one-pot system, along with methods of making the same. Also described herein are tunable, 3D printed materials prepared from resin mixtures described herein. The 3D printed materials possess a large range of material properties, including tunable elastic moduli properties.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatuses may provide optical lenses comprising liquid crystal metasurfaces. Systems and methods may include a lens system comprising a first optical lens and a liquid crystal metasurface formed on the first optical lens, and a pair of electrodes positioned on opposite sides of the first optical lens. The pair of electrodes may individually tune sections of the liquid crystal metasurface to adjust an optical characteristic of the optical signal. A waveguide may be configured to receive the adjusted optical signal passed through the first optical lens and may provide the optical signal to an image sensor for an image.

Abstract: A polymer article is provided that includes a first silicone component formed from (i) a first siloxane polymer comprising a first plurality of hydride-functional groups and (ii) a second siloxane polymer comprising a first plurality of vinyl-functional groups. The polymer article also includes a second silicone component formed from (i) a third siloxane polymer comprising a second plurality of hydride-functional groups and (ii) a fourth siloxane polymer comprising a second plurality of vinyl-functional groups. Lastly, the polymer includes a contact interface, between the first and second silicone components, comprising chemical crosslinks between the first siloxane polymer and the fourth siloxane polymer. Notably, a tensile strength of the polymer article across the contact interface is substantially equal to a tensile strength of the first silicone component or the second silicone component alone.

Abstract: A polymer composition that includes a blended resin having a viscosity below 10 pascal-seconds before exposure to actinic radiation is provided. The blended resin includes a first base component that is photocurable, and the first base component includes (i) a first siloxane polymer including a plurality of thiol groups and (ii) a second siloxane polymer including a plurality of functional groups with unsaturated carbon-carbon bond. The blended resin also includes a photoinitiator, a second base component that is condensation curable, and a catalyst. The first base component is configured to polymerize into a primary polymer network and the second base component is configured to polymerize into a secondary polymer network. Furthermore, the primary and secondary polymer networks together form an interpenetrating polymer network.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a photomask. The photomask may include: a substrate; and one or more pixel units formed over the substrate. Each pixel unit may include: at least one polymer crystal element configured to interact with extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light based on an orientation of the polymer crystal element; and a plurality of electrodes configured to control the orientation of the polymer crystal element by applying voltage across the polymer crystal element. Each pixel unit is controlled by the respective plurality of electrodes independently, and the one or more pixel units generate a pattern for lithography upon exposure to the EUV light.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods of generating a modulus gradient in a polymeric material, resin mixtures for such methods, and polymeric materials thereof having at least a modulus gradient.

Abstract: Methods for making a B-stage thiol-cured urethane acrylate elastomeric film are provided. At least a urethane acrylate oligomer, a multifunctional thiol, and a base catalyst are combined to form a thiol terminated B-stage elastomer. The thiol terminated B-stage elastomer is exposed to an ultraviolet photoinitiator in the presence of an allyl ether terminated urethane to form the B-stage thiol-cured urethane acrylate elastomeric film. In some embodiments the B-stage thiol-cured urethane acrylate elastomeric film is used for a soft actuator application such as a fluidic elastomer actuator application or an electrostatic zipping actuator application.

Abstract: The disclosure provides multi-functional diazirine adhesives and methods of synthesis and use thereof, for example methods of use for polymer and/or elastomer bonding.

Abstract: A pick-up head assembly comprises a body of a liquid crystalline elastomer (LCE) that undergoes a reversible expansion when exposed to a first frequency of light and contracts when exposed to a second frequency of light. Selective portions of the LCE in the pick-up head assembly are irradiated with the first frequency to cause an expansion in the selective portions. The adhesive forces of the expanded portions of the LCE are used to pick-up semiconductor devices from a first substrate. The semiconductor devices are placed on a second substrate by exposing the expanded portions of the LCE to the second frequency of light, causing the expanded portions to contract.

Abstract: A method of forming a nanovoided composite polymer includes forming a resin-containing layer over a substrate, the resin-containing layer including a polymer-forming phase and a sacrificial phase, curing the polymer-forming phase to form a polymer matrix containing the sacrificial phase, and removing the sacrificial phase selectively with respect to the polymer matrix to form a nanovoided composite polymer including the polymer matrix and nanovoids dispersed throughout the polymer matrix. The nanovoids may be randomly or regularly dispersed throughout the matrix. Various other methods, systems, apparatuses, and materials are also disclosed.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods and compositions for 3D printing using thermochromic additives. Thermochromic dyes change absorptivity with heat to selectively attenuate light transmission and control cure depth during 3D printing photopolymerization.

Abstract: A polymer composition that includes a blended resin having a viscosity below 10 pascal-seconds before exposure to actinic radiation is provided. The blended resin includes a first base component that is photocurable, and the first base component includes (i) a first siloxane polymer including a plurality of thiol groups and (ii) a second siloxane polymer including a plurality of functional groups with unsaturated carbon-carbon bond. The blended resin also includes a photoinitiator, a second base component that is condensation curable, and a catalyst. The first base component is configured to polymerize into a primary polymer network and the second base component is configured to polymerize into a secondary polymer network. Furthermore, the primary and secondary polymer networks together form an interpenetrating polymer network.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a device, such as a transducer, includes a polymer element disposed between electrodes, and a control circuit configured to apply electrical potentials having the same polarity to the electrodes. A separation distance between the electrodes may be increased by an electrostatic repulsion between the electrodes. Various other devices, systems, methods, and computer-readable media are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and system for assembling a device by picking up semiconductor devices from a carrier substrate and placing the semiconductor devices onto a target substrate. The transfer of the semiconductor devices uses fluid as a transfer medium. The fluid enters a fluid channel of a pickup head, causing the pickup head to expand, make contact with, and attach to an aligned semiconductor device. After the semiconductor device is aligned with and placed onto the target substrate, at least a portion of the fluid is removed from the pickup head to release the semiconductor device onto the target substrate. The semiconductor device bonds to the target substrate.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a method includes (1) applying a first voltage and a first current to an electroactive device that includes a nanovoided electroactive polymer, (2) measuring a second voltage and a second current associated with the electroactive device, (3) determining at least one of a position or a force output associated with the electroactive device, the position or the force based on the second voltage and the second current, and (4) applying a third voltage and a third current to the electroactive device based on the at least one of the position or the force output. Various other methods, systems, apparatuses, and materials are also disclosed.

Abstract: A polymer composition that includes a blended resin having a viscosity below 10 pascal-seconds before exposure to actinic radiation is provided. The blended resin includes a first base component that is photocurable, and the first base component includes (i) a first siloxane polymer including a plurality of thiol groups and (ii) a second siloxane polymer including a plurality of functional groups with unsaturated carbon-carbon bond. The blended resin also includes a photoinitiator, a second base component that is condensation curable, and a catalyst. The first base component is configured to polymerize into a primary polymer network and the second base component is configured to polymerize into a secondary polymer network. Furthermore, the primary and secondary polymer networks together form an interpenetrating polymer network.