Abstract: An electrode catalyst for an Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) is provided that includes a transition metal nitride layer on a substrate, an ORR surface oxide layer deposited on the transition metal nitride layer, where the ORR surface oxide layer includes from sub-monolayer to 20 surface oxide monolayers.

Abstract: A tool for abutment against an object to detect when the object is at a predetermined orientation is temporarily securable to the object in order to free both of the operator's hands for other activities. Plural spirit level vials, oriented to face in different directions, indicate when the tool is vertical, horizontal or inclined at one or more predetermined angles. In the preferred form, the tool body has a central handle region from which arms extend in opposite directions and a pair of members extend laterally from the end of each arm to define segments of a right angled slot into which the object is fitted. The tool preferably has three different types of fastener including retractable nail-like pins which may be penetrated into wood or the like, elastic cords which may be used to clasp the object and magnets which cause the tool to cling to steel posts, pipes or the like.