Abstract: The fire-resistant glazing includes one or more glass pane, at least one of which consists of glass containing nucleating agents so that the glass pane is at least partially ceramicized when subjected to high thermal stress sufficient to cause ceramicizing, for example during a fire. The glass may be tempered and contains, in percent by weight based on oxide content SiO2, 55 to 69; Al2O3, 19 to 25 and Li2O, 3.2 to 5.0. This glass pane combines the advantages of the strength of tempered glass at low temperature with the stability and long-term resistance to thermal stress of glass-ceramic material at high temperature. The fire-resistant glazing can also include at least one other glass pane made of a conventional glass and at least one plastic layer of PVB film.

Abstract: Conventional glass bodies are comprised of prestressed lime/soda glass or of glass-ceramics and have various draw-backs. The invention relates to a special glass body, in particular, provided in the form of a glass pane or window which, in a prestressed state, is well-suited for glazings that can be subjected to high levels of thermal stress, especially fire resistant glazings having security requirements and which is partially or completely transformed over the course of a temperature stressing, especially over the course of stressing caused by fire, into a partially or completely transparent glass-ceramic material by nucleating agents introduced into the glass body. This causes a stiffening of the glass plane and imparts a high degree of durability during a thermal stressing.

Abstract: A building for containing occupants, with at least one covering element to provide at least one roof portion, at least one wall portion, and at least one floor portion, to provide an interior space to contain and protect occupants from an adverse environment about the building or other structures. The building has an opening to permit occupants to ingress and egress, a window comprising at least one pane, comprising at least an outer pane disposed to contact the adverse environment about the building and at least one inner pane disposed toward the interior space of the building. The pane exposed to the environment about the building or structure comprises a glass material that has a minimized coefficient of thermal expansion. The building also has an insulation to protect occupants from adverse temperature and environmental conditions about the building and a heating apparatus to provide heat to the space provided by the at least one covering element, the window, and the insulation.

Abstract: A building for containing occupants, with at least one covering element to provide at least one roof portion, at least one wall portion, and at least one floor portion, to provide an interior space to contain and protect occupants from an adverse environment about the building or other structures. The building has an opening to permit occupants to ingress and egress, a window comprising at least one pane, comprising at least an outer pane disposed to contact the adverse environment about the building and at least one inner pane disposed toward the interior space of the building. The pane exposed to the environment about the building or structure comprises a glass material that has a minimized coefficient of thermal expansion. The building also has an insulation to protect occupants from adverse temperature and environmental conditions about the building and a heating apparatus to provide heat to the space provided by the at least one covering element, the window, and the insulation.

Abstract: Fire-resistant glass, produced by placing between two panes of glass a gel former containing a) an acid aluminum phosphate, b) a reaction product of boric acid with an alkanolamine and one or more alkali metal compounds, and heating the glass to convert the gel former to a gel.

Abstract: Gel formers comprising acid aluminum phosphate and a reaction product of boric acid and an alkanolamine, and further comprising alkali metal compounds in the aluminum: alkali metal ratio of 1:1.3-2.5 require short gelling times, and form gels having improved melting resistance.