Abstract: Assigning measuring points to fixed points includes calculating fixed point distances between fixed points in a fixed point coordinate system; determining coordinates of measuring points in a measuring point coordinate system; calculating measuring point distances between the measuring points; comparing at least two measuring point distances with the fixed point distances and identifying at least two pairs each consisting of a measuring point distance and a fixed point distance; determining a reference point in the measuring point coordinate system or in the fixed point coordinate system; determining first and second reference point parameters of the measuring points or fixed points corresponding to the pairs; determining second reference point parameters of the fixed points corresponding to the pairs in the fixed point coordinate system; identifying correspondences between the first reference point parameters and the second reference point parameters and assigning the corresponding measuring points to the co

Abstract: An optical measurement system comprises a first housing body and a second housing body which can be rotated relative to the first housing body about a second axis of rotation, wherein the second housing body contains a measurement telescope, an inner roller bearing support fixed to the second housing body and protruding into the first housing body; an outer roller bearing support fixed to the first housing body; a drive disc fixed to the inner roller bearing support; wherein a motor having a motor shaft is attached to the first housing body in such a way that the motor shaft or a wheel fixed to the motor shaft is positioned on the drive disc and is pressed against said disc by a spring force orientated transversely to the second axis of rotation, and wherein the motor shaft or the wheel is coupled to the drive disc in a frictional fit.

Abstract: An apparatus for calculating driving coefficients for loudspeakers of a loudspeaker arrangement for an audio signal associated with a virtual source includes a multi-channel renderer. The multi-channel renderer calculates driving coefficients for loudspeakers of the loudspeaker arrangement based on a first calculation rule, if a position of the virtual source is located outside the loudspeaker transition zone. Further, the multi-channel renderer calculates driving coefficients for loudspeakers of the loudspeaker arrangement based on a second calculation rule, if a position of the virtual source is located within the loudspeaker transition zone. A border of the loudspeaker transition zone includes a minimal distance to a loudspeaker of the loudspeaker arrangement depending on a distance between the loudspeaker and a loudspeaker adjacent to this loudspeaker.

Abstract: An optical measurement system comprises a first housing body which can be rotated relative to a base about a first axis of rotation; a second housing body which can be rotated relative to the first housing body about a second axis of rotation, wherein the second housing body contains a measurement telescope, the measurement axis of which is orientated transversely to the second axis of rotation; an inner roller bearing support fixed to the second housing body and protruding into the first housing body; an outer roller bearing support fixed to the first housing body; a drive disc fixed to the inner roller bearing support; wherein a motor having a motor shaft is attached to the first housing body in such a way that the motor shaft or a wheel fixed to the motor shaft is positioned on the drive disc and is pressed against said disc by a spring force orientated transversely to the second axis of rotation, and wherein the motor shaft or the wheel is coupled to the drive disc in a frictional fit.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating filter characteristics for filters connectible to at least three loudspeakers at defined locations with respect to a sound reproduction zone includes an impulse response reverser for time-reversing impulse responses associated to the loudspeakers to obtain time-reversed impulse responses. The apparatus furthermore includes an impulse response modifier for modifying the impulse responses or the time-reversed impulse responses such that impulse response portions occurring before a maximum of a time-reversed impulse response are reduced in amplitude to obtain the filter characteristics for the filters.

Abstract: An apparatus for calculating driving coefficients for loudspeakers of a loudspeaker arrangement for an audio signal associated with a virtual source is described.

Abstract: Assigning measuring points to fixed points includes calculating fixed point distances between fixed points in a fixed point coordinate system; determining coordinates of measuring points in a measuring point coordinate system; calculating measuring point distances between the measuring points; comparing at least two measuring point distances with the fixed point distances and identifying at least two pairs each consisting of a measuring point distance and a fixed point distance; determining a reference point in the measuring point coordinate system or in the fixed point coordinate system; determining first and second reference point parameters of the measuring points or fixed points corresponding to the pairs; determining second reference point parameters of the fixed points corresponding to the pairs in the fixed point coordinate system; identifying correspondences between the first reference point parameters and the second reference point parameters and assigning the corresponding measuring points to the co

Abstract: An apparatus for calculating driving coefficients for loudspeakers of a loudspeaker arrangement for an audio signal associated with a virtual source is described.

Abstract: An apparatus for calculating driving coefficients for loudspeakers of a loudspeaker arrangement for an audio signal associated with a virtual source includes a multi-channel renderer. The multi-channel renderer calculates driving coefficients for loudspeakers of the loudspeaker arrangement based on a first calculation rule, if a position of the virtual source is located outside the loudspeaker transition zone. Further, the multi-channel renderer calculates driving coefficients for loudspeakers of the loudspeaker arrangement based on a second calculation rule, if a position of the virtual source is located within the loudspeaker transition zone. A border of the loudspeaker transition zone includes a minimal distance to a loudspeaker of the loudspeaker arrangement depending on a distance between the loudspeaker and a loudspeaker adjacent to this loudspeaker.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating filter characteristics for filters connectible to at least three loudspeakers at defined locations with respect to a sound reproduction zone includes an impulse response reverser for time-reversing impulse responses associated to the loudspeakers to obtain time-reversed impulse responses. The apparatus furthermore includes an impulse response modifier for modifying the impulse responses or the time-reversed impulse responses such that impulse response portions occurring before a maximum of a time-reversed impulse response are reduced in amplitude to obtain the filter characteristics for the filters.

Abstract: A data networking device having a variable gain amplifier with a first selectable impedance and a second selectable impedance for adjusting gain of the variable gain amplifier. The data networking device has an analog to digital converter for converting an analog output signal of the variable gain amplifier to a digital signal. The data networking device has a digital signal monitoring circuit for monitoring the digital signal and supplying feedback signals to actuate the first and second selectable impedances as a function of the digital signal, thereby adjusting the gain of the variable gain amplifier. A method of controlling a variable gain amplifier is also disclosed. An analog output signal of the variable gain amplifier is converted to a digital signal by an analog to digital converter. The method includes determining a portion of dynamic range of the analog to digital converter being used to convert the analog output signal of the variable gain amplifier.

Abstract: A data networking device having a variable gain amplifier with a first selectable impedance and a second selectable impedance for adjusting gain of the variable gain amplifier. The data networking device has an analog to digital converter for converting an analog output signal of the variable gain amplifier to a digital signal. The data networking device has a digital signal monitoring circuit for monitoring the digital signal and supplying feedback signals to actuate the first and second selectable impedances as a function of the digital signal, thereby adjusting the gain of the variable gain amplifier. A method of controlling a variable gain amplifier is also disclosed. An analog output signal of the variable gain amplifier is converted to a digital signal by an analog to digital converter. The method includes determining a portion of dynamic range of the analog to digital converter being used to convert the analog output signal of the variable gain amplifier.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for recovering timing information from a ternary signal includes transforming a ternary signal into a binary signal while retaining the necessary timing information. A two facet circuit initially receives a ternary signal, one that includes three levels of values. A first facet of this circuit transforms the ternary signal into two binary signals, each having one of the three levels represented by one value and both having the same level represented by the other value. The second facet of this circuit combines the two binary signals to produce a third binary signal that has one value representing one level and another value representing the two other levels.

Abstract: An equalizer circuit for equalizing waveform distortion of a signal that propagates through a lossy transmission cable connected between a receiver and a transmitter, the equalizer circuit including a plurality of equalizer units which are connected in series with one another and a plurality of taps, each tap providing a different equalized representation of a signal being transmitted through the transmission cable to which the equalizer circuit is connected, and a control circuit for determining the tap at which appears an equalized signal that exhibits minimum error relative to the transmitted signal, the determination being made by applying an envelope detector to each tap for obtaining low frequency envelope signals for the signal appearing at each tap and for comparing the low frequency envelope signals thus obtained with a common DC reference signal that is related to the ideal transmitted signal amplitude.

Abstract: A phase detector (1) for a phase locked loop (PLL) for bit clock retrieval where the phase detector employs a plurality of variable unit delays (20,21) and has a constant gain region that is a percentage of the clock period over an extended frequency range of the VCO enabling a single (PLL) chip to operate for several applications at widely different frequencies.

Abstract: A voltage reference circuit maintains two nodes at constant voltages with respect to a reference by means of a tapped divider chain in parallel with a floating voltage reference circuit, both of which feed into the output node of a single differential amplifier. The reference circuit maintains a constant voltage across the divider chain and the amplifier floats the divider up or down to maintain a node in the chain at the reference voltage.