Abstract: A computer-implemented sports gaming system wherein game participants draft real-life sports teams and game participant's scores or rankings are based on two or more team metrics produced by those teams in real-life games.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to start converter into a pre-biased voltage. The disclosed methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture provide an apparatus comprising: an error amplifier including a feedback network and a differential difference amplifier (DDA), the DDA coupled to a power converter, a voltage generator, and the feedback network coupled to the third input of the DDA, the fourth input of the DDA, and the output of the DDA; a multiplexer coupled to the voltage generator, the second input of the DDA, and the first input of the DDA; a first switch coupled in parallel to the feedback network; a second switch coupled to a delay cell and an oscillator; and a trigger including an output, the trigger coupled to the voltage generator, the power converter, and the output of the trigger coupled to the multiplexer, first switch, and the second switch.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to start converter into a pre-biased voltage. The disclosed methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture provide an apparatus comprising: an error amplifier including a feedback network and a differential difference amplifier (DDA), the DDA coupled to a power converter, a voltage generator, and the feedback network coupled to the third input of the DDA, the fourth input of the DDA, and the output of the DDA; a multiplexer coupled to the voltage generator, the second input of the DDA, and the first input of the DDA; a first switch coupled in parallel to the feedback network; a second switch coupled to a delay cell and an oscillator; and a trigger including an output, the trigger coupled to the voltage generator, the power converter, and the output of the trigger coupled to the multiplexer, first switch, and the second switch.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to start converter into a pre-biased voltage. The disclosed methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture provide an apparatus comprising: an error amplifier including a feedback network and a differential difference amplifier (DDA), the DDA coupled to a power converter, a voltage generator, and the feedback network coupled to the third input of the DDA, the fourth input of the DDA, and the output of the DDA; a multiplexer coupled to the voltage generator, the second input of the DDA, and the first input of the DDA; a first switch coupled in parallel to the feedback network; a second switch coupled to a delay cell and an oscillator; and a trigger including an output, the trigger coupled to the voltage generator, the power converter, and the output of the trigger coupled to the multiplexer, first switch, and the second switch.

Abstract: In some examples, a circuit includes a state machine. The state machine is configured to operate in a buck state in which the state machine is configured to control a power converter to operate in a buck mode of operation at a first frequency. The state machine is configured to determine that a switch time of the power converter has decreased to within a threshold amount of a minimum switch time for the power converter. The state machine is configured to, responsive to the switch time of the power converter having decreased to within the threshold amount of the minimum switch time for the power converter, transition from the buck state to a reduced frequency buck state in which the state machine is configured to control the power converter to operate in the buck mode of operation at a second frequency that is less than the first frequency.

Abstract: In some examples, a circuit includes a state machine. The state machine is configured to operate in a buck state in which the state machine is configured to control a power converter to operate in a buck mode of operation at a first frequency. The state machine is configured to determine that a switch time of the power converter has decreased to within a threshold amount of a minimum switch time for the power converter. The state machine is configured to, responsive to the switch time of the power converter having decreased to within the threshold amount of the minimum switch time for the power converter, transition from the buck state to a reduced frequency buck state in which the state machine is configured to control the power converter to operate in the buck mode of operation at a second frequency that is less than the first frequency.

Abstract: A switching power supply controller includes a pulse width modulator circuit. The pulse width modulator circuit includes a delay circuit and a delay control circuit coupled to the delay circuit. The delay control circuit includes an amplifier circuit. The amplifier circuit includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal. The first input terminal is coupled to a first voltage reference terminal. The second input terminal is coupled to the second voltage reference terminal. The output terminal is coupled to a control terminal of the delay circuit.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed that facilitate multiple modes of converter operation. An example apparatus includes a comparator configured to provide a first trigger signal to initiate a first pulse width modulated signal in a constant-on-time mode for a power converter, an oscillator configured to provide a second trigger signal to initiate a second pulse width modulated signal in a fixed frequency mode for the power converter, and a selector configured to receive a select signal, the selector configured to output the first trigger signal to a pulse width modulated signal generator to initiate the first pulse width modulated signal based on a first state of the select signal, and output the second trigger signal to the pulse width modulated signal generator to initiate the second pulse width modulated signal based on a second state of the select signal.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to calibrate a power converter. An example apparatus includes a comparator including a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal, the first input terminal of the comparator configured to be coupled to a filter to receive a filtered feedback signal, the second input terminal of the comparator configured to receive a first voltage signal, and the output terminal of the comparator coupled to a node, an oscillator including an output terminal, and a voltage stepper including a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal, the first input terminal of the voltage stepper configured to receive a second voltage signal, the second input terminal of the voltage stepper coupled to the output terminal of the oscillator, and the output terminal of the voltage stepper configured to be coupled to an error amplifier.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to start converter into a pre-biased voltage. The disclosed methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture provide an apparatus comprising: an error amplifier including a feedback network and a differential difference amplifier (DDA), the DDA coupled to a power converter, a voltage generator, and the feedback network coupled to the third input of the DDA, the fourth input of the DDA, and the output of the DDA; a multiplexer coupled to the voltage generator, the second input of the DDA, and the first input of the DDA; a first switch coupled in parallel to the feedback network; a second switch coupled to a delay cell and an oscillator; and a trigger including an output, the trigger coupled to the voltage generator, the power converter, and the output of the trigger coupled to the multiplexer, first switch, and the second switch.

Abstract: A system and method for extracting botanical herbal oil is disclosed. The method includes washing plant material with liquid solvent forming a solvent-oil extract solution, pumping the solvent-oil extract solution to an atomizer, pumping vapor solvent to the atomizer, atomizing the solvent-oil extract solution with vapor solvent forming an atomized mixture, and vaporizing the atomized mixture to isolate the botanical herbal oil from the mixture. The system includes a first pressure vessel to chill a solvent, a second pressure vessel to wash plant material with liquid solvent forming a solvent-oil extract solution, an atomizer to mix the solvent-oil extract solution with vapor solvent forming an atomized mixture, a liquid transfer pump to pump the solvent-oil extract solution to the atomizer, a vapor transfer pump to pump the vapor solvent to the atomizer, and a vaporizer to vaporize the atomized mixture and isolate the botanical herbal oil.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to start converter into a pre-biased voltage. The disclosed methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture provide an apparatus comprising: an error amplifier including a feedback network and a differential difference amplifier (DDA), the DDA coupled to a power converter, a voltage generator, and the feedback network coupled to the third input of the DDA, the fourth input of the DDA, and the output of the DDA; a multiplexer coupled to the voltage generator, the second input of the DDA, and the first input of the DDA; a first switch coupled in parallel to the feedback network; a second switch coupled to a delay cell and an oscillator; and a trigger including an output, the trigger coupled to the voltage generator, the power converter, and the output of the trigger coupled to the multiplexer, first switch, and the second switch.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to adjust a transient response. An example apparatus includes a clamping circuit including a first input, a second input, a third input, and an output, wherein the first input is adapted to be coupled to a selector, a reference voltage generator including an output, wherein the output of the reference voltage generator is coupled to the second input of the clamping circuit, an error amplifying circuit including an output, wherein the output of the error amplifying circuit is coupled to the third input of the clamping circuit, and a pulse width modulator including an input, wherein the input of the pulse width modulator is coupled to the output of the clamping circuit.

Abstract: A system includes an input voltage supply. The system also includes a switching converter coupled to the input voltage supply and configured to provide an output voltage based on a switch on-time. The system also includes a switch on-time controller for the switching converter. The switch on-time controller includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a delay line coupled to the ADC. The switch on-time controller also includes a delay line modulator coupled to the delay line and configured to determine an amount of times the delay line is used to determine the switch on-time.

Abstract: A circuit includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a hysteresis circuit. The ADC is configured to generate a series of digital codes. The hysteresis circuit is configured to: (a) determine that a first digital code of the series of digital codes represents a change in a same direction as previous digital codes and store the first digital code in the register; and (b) determine that a second digital code of the series of digital codes represents a change in direction from previous digital codes, determine that the second digital code is less than a hysteresis value different than a preceding digital code, and not store the second digital code in the register.

Abstract: A system includes an input voltage supply. The system also includes a switching converter coupled to the input voltage supply and configured to provide an output voltage based on a switch on-time. The system also includes a switch on-time controller for the switching converter. The switch on-time controller includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a delay line coupled to the ADC. The switch on-time controller also includes a delay line modulator coupled to the delay line and configured to determine an amount of times the delay line is used to determine the switch on-time.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to start converter into a pre-biased voltage. The disclosed methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture provide an apparatus comprising: an error amplifier including a feedback network and a differential difference amplifier (DDA), the DDA coupled to a power converter, a voltage generator, and the feedback network coupled to the third input of the DDA, the fourth input of the DDA, and the output of the DDA; a multiplexer coupled to the voltage generator, the second input of the DDA, and the first input of the DDA; a first switch coupled in parallel to the feedback network; a second switch coupled to a delay cell and an oscillator; and a trigger including an output, the trigger coupled to the voltage generator, the power converter, and the output of the trigger coupled to the multiplexer, first switch, and the second switch.

Abstract: A switching power supply controller includes a pulse width modulator circuit. The pulse width modulator circuit includes a delay circuit and a delay control circuit coupled to the delay circuit. The delay control circuit includes an amplifier circuit. The amplifier circuit includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal. The first input terminal is coupled to a first voltage reference terminal. The second input terminal is coupled to the second voltage reference terminal. The output terminal is coupled to a control terminal of the delay circuit.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to adjust a transient response. An example apparatus includes a clamping circuit including a first input, a second input, a third input, and an output, wherein the first input is adapted to be coupled to a selector, a reference voltage generator including an output, wherein the output of the reference voltage generator is coupled to the second input of the clamping circuit, an error amplifying circuit including an output, wherein the output of the error amplifying circuit is coupled to the third input of the clamping circuit, and a pulse width modulator including an input, wherein the input of the pulse width modulator is coupled to the output of the clamping circuit.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to calibrate a power converter. An example apparatus includes a comparator including a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal, the first input terminal of the comparator configured to be coupled to a filter to receive a filtered feedback signal, the second input terminal of the comparator configured to receive a first voltage signal, and the output terminal of the comparator coupled to a node, an oscillator including an output terminal, and a voltage stepper including a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal, the first input terminal of the voltage stepper configured to receive a second voltage signal, the second input terminal of the voltage stepper coupled to the output terminal of the oscillator, and the output terminal of the voltage stepper configured to be coupled to an error amplifier.