Abstract: According to various embodiments, systems and methods for determining carbon dioxide detection in arthropods. An embodiment may include determining at least one resonant frequency of an arthropod sensory organ and an absorption spectrum of at least one odorant. A frequency filter may be applied to the absorption spectrum to eliminate frequencies below a given intensity value. Of the frequencies remaining from the absorption spectrum, those frequencies corresponding to relative peaks in absorption intensity may be selected. An olfactory chord including a group of the selected frequencies corresponding to the relative peaks in absorption intensity with at least one specific frequency that matches the at least one resonant frequency of the arthropod sensory organ. Additionally, at least one radiation source may be configured to emit electromagnetic radiation corresponding to the olfactory chord.

Abstract: According to various embodiments, systems and methods for determining carbon dioxide detection in arthropods. An embodiment may include determining at least one resonant frequency of an arthropod sensory organ and an absorption spectrum of at least one odorant. A frequency filter may be applied to the absorption spectrum to eliminate frequencies below a given intensity value. Of the frequencies remaining from the absorption spectrum, those frequencies corresponding to relative peaks in absorption intensity may be selected. An olfactory chord including a group of the selected frequencies corresponding to the relative peaks in absorption intensity with at least one specific frequency that matches the at least one resonant frequency of the arthropod sensory organ. Additionally, at least one radiation source may be configured to emit electromagnetic radiation corresponding to the olfactory chord.

Abstract: An insect decoy is provided that includes a vapor-isolated vessel, a chemical compound disposed within the vapor-isolated vessel, and an excitation energy source. The chemical compound may have one or more absorption bands at a set of absorption wavelengths and have one or more emission bands at a set of emission wavelengths. The excitation energy source may be configured to produce electromagnetic radiation at the absorption wavelengths so as to fluoresce the chemical compound and release photons at the emission wavelengths. The vapor-isolated vessel may be configured with at least one infrared transmissive window that is substantially transparent to the released photons at the emission wavelengths of the chemical compound.

Abstract: A system and method are provided to control the amplification of natural frequencies emanating from molecules, specifically insect sex pheromones. The pheromone molecules are deposited in a resonant cavity that allows the generation of coherent and/or semi-coherent radiation. The molecular emissions are amplified in the resonant cavity and allowed to escape through a small circular opening on top of the resonant cavity. The molecules and/or their emissions dissipate into the surroundings to attract insects towards the cavity. When the insect enters the resonant cavity, a trap door prevents the insect from exiting. The molecular emissions are produced by passive diffusion and passive amplification because no pumping radiation source is required. However pumping radiation can be integrated to assist the passive amplification or serve as a second attractant.

Abstract: An insect decoy is provided that includes a vapor-isolated vessel, a chemical compound disposed within the vapor-isolated vessel, and an excitation energy source. The chemical compound may have one or more absorption bands at a set of absorption wavelengths and have one or more emission bands at a set of emission wavelengths. The excitation energy source may be configured to produce electromagnetic radiation at the absorption wavelengths so as to fluoresce the chemical compound and release photons at the emission wavelengths. The vapor-isolated vessel may be configured with at least one infrared transmissive window that is substantially transparent to the released photons at the emission wavelengths of the chemical compound.

Abstract: An insect decoy is provided that includes a vapor-isolated vessel, a chemical compound disposed within the vapor-isolated vessel, and an excitation energy source. The chemical compound may have one or more absorption bands at a set of absorption wavelengths and have one or more emission bands at a set of emission wavelengths. The excitation energy source may be configured to produce electromagnetic radiation at the absorption wavelengths so as to fluoresce the chemical compound and release photons at the emission wavelengths. The vapor-isolated vessel may be configured with at least one infrared transmissive window that is substantially transparent to the released photons at the emission wavelengths of the chemical compound.

Abstract: An insect decoy is provided that includes a vapor-isolated vessel, a chemical compound disposed within the vapor-isolated vessel, and an excitation energy source. The chemical compound may have one or more absorption bands at a set of absorption wavelengths and have one or more emission bands at a set of emission wavelengths. The excitation energy source may be configured to produce electromagnetic radiation at the absorption wavelengths so as to fluoresce the chemical compound and release photons at the emission wavelengths. The vapor-isolated vessel may be configured with at least one infrared transmissive window that is substantially transparent to the released photons at the emission wavelengths of the chemical compound.

Abstract: A system and method are provided to control the amplification of natural frequencies emanating from molecules, specifically insect sex pheromones. The pheromone molecules are deposited in a resonant cavity that allows the generation of coherent and/or semi-coherent radiation. The molecular emissions are amplified in the resonant cavity and allowed to escape through a small circular opening on top of the resonant cavity. The molecules and/or their emissions dissipate into the surroundings to attract insects towards the cavity. When the insect enters the resonant cavity, a trap door prevents the insect from exiting. The molecular emissions are produced by passive diffusion and passive amplification because no pumping radiation source is required. However pumping radiation can be integrated to assist the passive amplification or serve as a second attractant.

Abstract: An insect decoy is provided that includes a vapor-isolated vessel, a chemical compound disposed within the vapor-isolated vessel, and an excitation energy source. The chemical compound may have one or more absorption bands at a set of absorption wavelengths and have one or more emission bands at a set of emission wavelengths. The excitation energy source may be configured to produce electromagnetic radiation at the absorption wavelengths so as to fluoresce the chemical compound and release photons at the emission wavelengths. The vapor-isolated vessel may be configured with at least one infrared transmissive window that is substantially transparent to the released photons at the emission wavelengths of the chemical compound.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for causing a behavioral response in an insect species. The apparatus may include a housing, a radiating emitter, a directing apparatus, and a power source coupled to the radiating emitter. The radiating emitter may be configured to emit radiation at one or more wavelengths simulating an emission spectrum of a chemical compound of interest that may cause a behavioral response in the insect species. The directing apparatus disposed within the housing may be configured to control a direction of the emitted radiation and the power source may be configured to control an intensity of the emitted radiation.

Abstract: An insect trap is described. The insect trap includes a container that has solid walls defining a substantially rectangular or spherical closed space. The container has a hole. The container has at least two parallel walls in the rectangular embodiment. The two parallel walls or the spherical walls are at least partially covered with a reflective surface on the inside of the container. A semiochemical or an odorant is situated in said container. A permeable flap covers the hole.

Abstract: An insect decoy is provided that includes a vapor-isolated vessel, a chemical compound disposed within the vapor-isolated vessel, and an excitation energy source. The chemical compound may have one or more absorption bands at a set of absorption wavelengths and have one or more emission bands at a set of emission wavelengths. The excitation energy source may be configured to produce electromagnetic radiation at the absorption wavelengths so as to fluoresce the chemical compound and release photons at the emission wavelengths. The vapor-isolated vessel may be configured with at least one infrared transmissive window that is substantially transparent to the released photons at the emission wavelengths of the chemical compound.

Abstract: A system and method are provided to control the amplification of natural frequencies emanating from molecules, specifically insect sex pheromones. The pheromone molecules are deposited in a resonant cavity that allows the generation of coherent and/or semi-coherent radiation. The molecular emissions are amplified in the resonant cavity and allowed to escape through a small circular opening on top of the resonant cavity. The molecules and/or their emissions dissipate into the surroundings to attract insects towards the cavity. When the insect enters the resonant cavity, a trap door prevents the insect from exiting. The molecular emissions are produced by passive diffusion and passive amplification because no pumping radiation source is required. However pumping radiation can be integrated to assist the passive amplification or serve as a second attractant.

Abstract: Apparatus for controlling the use of software in accordance with authorized software license limits, including a limit of the number of concurrent usages of a particular software in a computer system having one or more operator terminals and a central processor containing the software. The apparatus includes a receiver that monitors usage requests from the software in the central processor. A microprocessor based controller accesses authorized use data stored in an EEPROM. Depending on the propriety of usage requests, the controller and an interruptor and transmitter coupled to the central processor and its software prevents operation of the software and/or provides warning messages on the terminal screen.