Abstract: A method for operating a pushing aid of an electric bicycle is disclosed. The electric bicycle includes a drive unit for generating a propulsion and a gearshift between the drive unit and a drive wheel of the electric bicycle. The gearshift is designed to be electronically operable. The method includes the following steps of which are carried out in a pushing aid mode of the electric bicycle (i) determining a current transmission ratio of the gearshift, (ii) operating the drive unit to generate a pushing aid motor torque, and (iii) controlled adjustment of the transmission ratio of the gearshift as a function of the determined current transmission ratio.

Abstract: A method for wireless time synchronization of a first electrical unit with a second electrical unit is disclosed, which can in particular be intermittently wirelessly connected to each other, in particular via a low-energy connection, wherein the first electrical unit includes a first time counter and the second electrical unit comprises a second time counter, and wherein a connection event occurs repeatedly at predetermined connection time intervals.

Abstract: A method for changing a transmission ratio of an electrically controllable gearing of a bicycle, in particular of an electric bicycle, includes (i) measuring a pedaling frequency of the bicycle rider on the pedal shaft, (ii) measuring a pedaling force of the bicycle rider, and (iii) determining a gear change operating state on the basis of the measured pedaling frequency and on the basis of the measured pedaling force if the measured pedaling frequency is less than or equal to a lower frequency threshold value or is greater than or equal to an upper frequency threshold value, and/or the measured pedaling force is less than or equal to a lower force threshold value or is greater than or equal to an upper force threshold value. After determining the gear change operating state, a control signal is generated for the gearing according to the determined gear change operating state.

Abstract: Disclosed is a calibration method for a layer-wise additive manufacturing apparatus. The method includes a control device, a layer application device, and an energy supply device. The energy supply device can be moved over the building field and a predefined target direction is specified for the energy supply device for this movement. The energy supply device includes a number of radiation emitters which are arranged along an arrangement direction transverse to the predefined target direction The control device specifies for the radiation emitters emission locations over the building field at which radiation is to be emitted. Depending on the positions, it is determined whether a deviation of a movement direction from the predefined target direction occurs in the movement of the energy supply device, and the control device is caused to specify other emission locations for radiation emitters depending on a determined deviation.

Abstract: The invention describes a laser printing system (100) for illuminating an object moving relative to a laser module of the laser printing system (100) in a working plane (180), the laser module comprising at least two laser arrays of semiconductor lasers and at least one optical element, wherein the optical element is adapted to image laser light emitted by the laser arrays, such that laser light of semiconductor lasers of one laser array is imaged to one pixel in the working plane of the laser printing system, and wherein the laser printing system is a 3D printing system for additive manufacturing and wherein two, three, four or a multitude of laser modules (201, 202) are provided, which are arranged in columns (c1, c2) perpendicular to a direction of movement (250) of the object in the working plane (180), and wherein the columns are staggered with respect to each other such that a first laser module (201) of a first column of laser modules (c1) is adapted to illuminate a first area (y1) of the object and a

Abstract: A method for operating a pushing aid of an electric bicycle is disclosed. The electric bicycle includes a drive unit for generating a propulsion and a gearshift between the drive unit and a drive wheel of the electric bicycle. The gearshift is designed to be electronically operable. The method includes the following steps of which are carried out in a pushing aid mode of the electric bicycle (i) determining a current transmission ratio of the gearshift, (ii) operating the drive unit to generate a pushing aid motor torque, and (iii) controlled adjustment of the transmission ratio of the gearshift as a function of the determined current transmission ratio.

Abstract: Plastic powder for use as a building material for manufacturing a three-dimensional object by layer-by-layer melting and solidification by hardening of the building material at the positions corresponding to the cross-section of the three-dimensional object in the respective layer by exposure to radiation, preferably by exposure to NIR radiation, wherein the plastic powder comprises a dry blend of polymer-based particles and particles of a NIR absorber, wherein the NIR absorber comprises carbon black or is carbon black and wherein the weight percentage of carbon black in the total weight of polymer and carbon black particles is in the range of at least 0.02% and at most 0.45%, and/or wherein the carbon black has a mean primary particle diameter in the range of from 15 nm to 70 nm, preferably of at least 26 nm and/or at most 58 nm.

Abstract: A method for changing a transmission ratio of an electrically controllable gearing of a bicycle, in particular of an electric bicycle, includes (i) measuring a pedaling frequency of the bicycle rider on the pedal shaft, (ii) measuring a pedaling force of the bicycle rider, and (iii) determining a gear change operating state on the basis of the measured pedaling frequency and on the basis of the measured pedaling force if the measured pedaling frequency is less than or equal to a lower frequency threshold value or is greater than or equal to an upper frequency threshold value, and/or the measured pedaling force is less than or equal to a lower force threshold value or is greater than or equal to an upper force threshold value. After determining the gear change operating state, a control signal is generated for the gearing according to the determined gear change operating state.

Abstract: A measuring system serves for equipping or retrofitting a device for manufacturing a three-dimensional object by selective layerwise solidification of a building material. The device includes an irradiator for selectively irradiating a layer of the building material applied in a working plane of the device at locations corresponding to a cross-section of the object to be manufactured. The irradiator includes at least two irradiation units, and each irradiation unit can be projected onto a pixel in the working plane and can be at least switched on and off. The measuring system includes at least one camera for determining and evaluating the radiation emitted by the irradiator and/or the position and/or orientation of the irradiation unit(s) in absolute and/or relative to one another, and at least one distance sensor for detecting an extension in a direction (z) perpendicular to the working plane.

Abstract: A method for wireless time synchronization of a first electrical unit with a second electrical unit is disclosed, which can in particular be intermittently wirelessly connected to each other, in particular via a low-energy connection, wherein the first electrical unit includes a first time counter and the second electrical unit comprises a second time counter, and wherein a connection event occurs repeatedly at predetermined connection time intervals.

Abstract: The invention describes a laser printing system (100) for illuminating an object moving relative to a laser module of the laser printing system (100) in a working plane (180), the laser module comprising at least two laser arrays of semiconductor lasers and at least one optical element, wherein the optical element is adapted to image laser light emitted by the laser arrays, such that laser light of semiconductor lasers of one laser array is imaged to one pixel in the working plane of the laser printing system, and wherein the laser printing system is a 3D printing system for additive manufacturing and wherein two, three, four or a multitude of laser modules (201, 202) are provided, which are arranged in columns (c1, c2) perpendicular to a direction of movement (250) of the object in the working plane (180), and wherein the columns are staggered with respect to each other such that a first laser module (201) of a first column of laser modules (c1) is adapted to illuminate a first area (y1) of the object and a

Abstract: A hybrid dual clutch transmission includes a first sub-transmission and a first clutch allocated to the first sub-transmission, a second sub-transmission and a second clutch allocated to the second sub-transmission, a separating clutch provided to decouple the hybrid dual clutch transmission from an internal combustion engine. The first clutch has a first outer disc carrier, the second clutch has a second outer disc carrier, and the separating clutch has a further outer disc carrier. The first clutch, the second clutch, and the separating clutch are stacked radially one above the other and are arranged at least substantially axially overlapping. The transmission also includes an electric motor having a rotor, a stator, and a housing. The transmission further includes a drive element permanently non-rotationally connected to the first outer disc carrier of the first clutch to link the electric motor.

Abstract: A method and device for generating control data for an additive manufacturing device are described, wherein build-up material is built up and selectively solidified. Irradiating the build-up material on a build field with at least one energy beam occurs An impingement surface of the energy beam is moved on the build field in order to melt the build-up material in a target area in and around the impingement surface. For generating the control data, optimization criteria and/or secondary and/or boundary conditions relating to a local target temperature distribution in the target area of the build-up material are defined so that melting of the build-up material is effected as heat conduction welding. Based on this, an optimized intensity profile of the energy beam is determined, which is substantially non-rotationally symmetric at the impingement surface on the build field.

Abstract: The invention describes a laser printing system (100) for illuminating an object moving relative to a laser module of the laser printing system (100) in a working plane (180), the laser module comprising at least two laser arrays of semiconductor lasers and at least one optical element, wherein the optical element is adapted to image laser light emitted by the laser arrays, such that laser light of semiconductor lasers of one laser array is imaged to one pixel in the working plane of the laser printing system, and wherein the laser printing system is a 3D printing system for additive manufacturing and wherein two, three, four or a multitude of laser modules (201, 202) are provided, which are arranged in columns (c1, c2) perpendicular to a direction of movement (250) of the object in the working plane (180), and wherein the columns are staggered with respect to each other such that a first laser module (201) of a first column of laser modules (c1) is adapted to illuminate a first area (y1) of the object and a

Abstract: The invention describes a laser printing system (100) for illuminating an object moving relative to a laser 150 module of the laser printing system (100) in a working plane (180), the laser module comprising at least two laser arrays of semiconductor lasers and at least one optical element, wherein the optical element is adapted to image laser light emitted by the laser arrays, such that laser light of semiconductor lasers of one laser array is imaged to one pixel in the working plane of the laser printing system, and wherein the laser printing system is a 3D printing system for additive manufacturing and wherein two, three, four or a multitude of laser modules (201, 202) are provided, which are arranged in columns (c1, c2) perpendicular to a direction of movement (250) of the object in the working plane (180), and wherein the columns are staggered with respect to each other such that a first laser module (201) of a first column of laser modules (c1) is adapted to illuminate a first area (y1) of the object an

Abstract: The invention describes a laser printing system (100) for illuminating an object moving relative to a laser module of the laser printing system (100) in a working plane (180), the laser module comprising at least two laser arrays of semiconductor lasers and at least one optical element, wherein the optical element is adapted to image laser light emitted by the laser arrays, such that laser light of semiconductor lasers of one laser array is imaged to one pixel in the working plane of the laser printing system, and wherein the laser printing system is a 3D printing system for additive manufacturing and wherein two, three, four or a multitude of laser modules (201, 202) are provided, which are arranged in columns (c1, c2) perpendicular to a direction of movement (250) of the object in the working plane (180), and wherein the columns are staggered with respect to each other such that a first laser module (201) of a first column of laser modules (c1) is adapted to illuminate a first area (y1) of the object and a

Abstract: Plastic powder for use as a building material for manufacturing a three-dimensional object by layer-by-layer melting and solidification by hardening of the building material at the positions corresponding to the cross-section of the three-dimensional object in the respective layer by exposure to radiation, preferably by exposure to NIR radiation, wherein the plastic powder comprises a dry blend of polymer-based particles and particles of a NIR absorber, wherein the NIR absorber comprises carbon black or is carbon black and wherein the weight percentage of carbon black in the total weight of polymer and carbon black particles is in the range of at least 0.02% and at most 0.45%, and/or wherein the carbon black has a mean primary particle diameter in the range of from 15 nm to 70 nm, preferably of at least 26 nm and/or at most 58 nm.

Abstract: A hybrid dual clutch transmission includes a first sub-transmission and a first clutch allocated to the first sub-transmission, a second sub-transmission and a second clutch allocated to the second sub-transmission, a separating clutch provided to decouple the hybrid dual clutch transmission from an internal combustion engine. The first clutch has a first outer disc carrier, the second clutch has a second outer disc carrier, and the separating clutch has a further outer disc carrier. The first clutch, the second clutch, and the separating clutch are stacked radially one above the other and are arranged at least substantially axially overlapping. The transmission also includes an electric motor having a rotor, a stator, and a housing. The transmission further includes a drive element permanently non-rotationally connected to the first outer disc carrier of the first clutch to link the electric motor.

Abstract: A method and a control data generating device (54, 54?) for generating control data (BSD, PSD) for an additive manufacturing device (1) are described, wherein build-up material (13) is built up and selectively solidified. For this purpose, irradiating the build-up material (13) on a build field (8) with at least one energy beam (AL) takes place, wherein an impingement surface (22) of the energy beam (AL) is moved on the build field (8) in order to melt the build-up material (13) in a target area (?Z) in and around the impingement surface (22). For generating the control data (BSD, PSD), optimization criteria (OK) and/or secondary and/or boundary conditions (WB) relating to a local target temperature distribution (TV) in the target area (?Z) of the build-up material (13) are defined so that melting of the build-up material (13) is effected as heat conduction welding.

Abstract: A measuring system (40) serves for equipping or retrofitting a device (1) for manufacturing a three-dimensional object (2) by selective layerwise solidification of a building material (15). The device (1) includes an irradiator (18) for selectively irradiating a layer of the building material (15) applied in a working plane (7) of the device (1) at locations corresponding to a cross-section of the object (2) to be manufactured for solidifying the irradiated locations. The irradiator (18) comprises at least two irradiation units (31), preferably laser arrays, and each irradiation unit (31) can be projected onto a pixel in the working plane (7) and can be at least switched on and off.