Abstract: Devices, methods, and systems for enclosures for an ion trapping device are described herein. One enclosure for an ion trapping device includes a heat spreader base that includes a perimeter portion and a center portion connected to the perimeter portion by a bridge portion, a grid array coupled to the heat spreader, a spacer with a plurality of studs coupled to the grid array, an interposer and ion trap die coupled to the spacer, a connector coupled to interposer, and a roof portion coupled to the heat spreader base.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for an alignment cell are described herein. One apparatus includes a delivery fiber and a delivery lens coupled to an optical bench, a mirror to receive light from the delivery fiber through the delivery lens, wherein the received light is directed by the mirror to an ion trap on the trap surface, and a collection fiber coupled to the optical bench to receive light fluoresced from an ion in the ion trap.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for an alignment cell are described herein. One apparatus includes a delivery fiber and a delivery lens coupled to an optical bench, a mirror to receive light from the delivery fiber through the delivery lens, wherein the received light is directed by the mirror to an ion trap on the trap surface, and a collection fiber coupled to the optical bench to receive light fluoresced from an ion in the ion trap.

Abstract: Devices, methods, and systems for trapping multiple ions are described herein. One device includes two or more ovens wherein each oven includes a heating element and a cavity for emitting atoms of a particular atomic species from an atomic source substance, a substrate having a number of apertures that allow atoms emitted from the atomic source substance to exit the oven and enter an ion trapping area and wherein each oven is positioned at a different ion loading area within the ion trapping area, and a plurality of electrodes that can be charged and wherein the charge can be used to selectively control the movement of a particular ion from a particular loading area to a particular ion trap location.

Abstract: A micro-structured atomic source system is described herein. One system includes a silicon substrate, a dielectric diaphragm, wherein the dielectric diaphragm includes a heater configured to heat an atomic source substance, an intermediary material comprising a chamber configured to receive the atomic source substance, and a guide material configured to direct a flux of atoms from the atomic source substance.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems for alignment of an optical component are described herein. One method includes forming a pit in a substrate, placing an optical component in the pit, and aligning the optical component such that an edge of the optical component is in physical contact with an alignment edge of the pit.

Abstract: A micro-structured atomic source system is described herein. One system includes a silicon substrate, a dielectric diaphragm, wherein the dielectric diaphragm includes a heater configured to heat an atomic source substance, an intermediary material comprising a chamber configured to receive the atomic source substance, and a guide material configured to direct a flux of atoms from the atomic source substance.

Abstract: A micro-structured atomic source system is described herein. One system includes a silicon substrate, a dielectric diaphragm, wherein the dielectric diaphragm includes a heater configured to heat an atomic source substance, an intermediary material comprising a chamber configured to receive the atomic source substance, and a guide material configured to direct a flux of atoms from the atomic source substance.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems for design, fabrication, and use of an optical bench, as well as alignment and attachment of optical fibers are described herein. One apparatus includes an apparatus body, a first channel within the apparatus body for positioning of a first optical fiber directed along a first axis and a second channel within the apparatus body for positioning of a second optical fiber directed along a second axis, wherein the first axis is orthogonal to the second axis. The apparatus also includes a third optical fiber directed along the second axis and an optical element positioned along the first channel and second channel to focus a first light beam from the first optical fiber along the first axis and focus a second light beam from the second optical fiber along the second axis.

Abstract: A micro-structured atomic source system is described herein. One system includes a silicon substrate, a dielectric diaphragm, wherein the dielectric diaphragm includes a heater configured to heat an atomic source substance, an intermediary material comprising a chamber configured to receive the atomic source substance, and a guide material configured to direct a flux of atoms from the atomic source substance.

Abstract: A micro-structured atomic source system is described herein. One system includes a silicon substrate, a dielectric diaphragm, wherein the dielectric diaphragm includes a heater configured to heat an atomic source substance, an intermediary material comprising a chamber configured to receive the atomic source substance, and a guide material configured to direct a flux of atoms from the atomic source substance.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems for alignment of an optical component are described herein. One method includes forming a pit in a substrate, placing an optical component in the pit, and aligning the optical component such that an edge of the optical component is in physical contact with an alignment edge of the pit.

Abstract: Devices, methods, and systems for trapping multiple ions are described herein. One device includes two or more ovens wherein each oven includes a heating element and a cavity for emitting atoms of a particular atomic species from an atomic source substance, a substrate having a number of apertures that allow atoms emitted from the atomic source substance to exit the oven and enter an ion trapping area and wherein each oven is positioned at a different ion loading area within the ion trapping area, and a plurality of electrodes that can be charged and wherein the charge can be used to selectively control the movement of a particular ion from a particular loading area to a particular ion trap location.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems for design, fabrication, and use of an optical bench, as well as alignment and attachment of optical fibers are described herein. One apparatus includes an apparatus body, a first channel within the apparatus body for positioning of a first optical fiber directed along a first axis and a second channel within the apparatus body for positioning of a second optical fiber directed along a second axis, wherein the first axis is orthogonal to the second axis. The apparatus also includes a third optical fiber directed along the second axis and an optical element positioned along the first channel and second channel to focus a first light beam from the first optical fiber along the first axis and focus a second light beam from the second optical fiber along the second axis.

Abstract: A micro-structured atomic source system is described herein. One system includes a silicon substrate, a dielectric diaphragm, wherein the dielectric diaphragm includes a heater configured to heat an atomic source substance, an intermediary material comprising a chamber configured to receive the atomic source substance, and a guide material configured to direct a flux of atoms from the atomic source substance.

Abstract: An eye tracking system includes a transparent lens, at least one light source, and a plurality of light detectors. The transparent lens is adapted for disposal adjacent an eye. The at least one light source is disposed within the transparent lens and is configured to emit light toward the eye. The at least one light source is transparent to visible light. The plurality of light detectors is disposed within the transparent lens and is configured to receive light that is emitted from the at least one light source and is reflected off of the eye. Each of the light detectors is transparent to visible light and is configured, upon receipt of light that is reflected off of the eye, to supply an output signal.

Abstract: An optical component is provided. The optical component includes an optical-path portion including an arm-connecting portion and a lower portion, a first arm extending from a first end of the arm-connecting portion, and a second arm extending from a second end of the arm-connecting portion. The first arm has at least one resting feature and the second arm has at least one resting feature. The optical-path portion has an input surface. When the resting features of the first arm and the second arm are positioned on a top surface at short edges of a trench in a trench system, the optical-path portion is vertically aligned in the trench.

Abstract: A physic package for an atomic clock comprising: a block made of optical glass, a glass ceramic material or another suitable material that includes a plurality of faces on its exterior and a plurality of angled borings that serve as a vacuum chamber cavity, light paths and measurement bores; mirrors fixedly attached using a vacuum tight seal to the exterior of the block at certain locations where two light paths intersect; optically clear windows fixedly attached using a vacuum tight seal to the block's exterior over openings of the measurement bores and at one location where two light paths intersect; and fill tubes fixedly attached using a vacuum tight seal to the exterior of the block over the ends of the vacuum chamber cavity. This physics package design makes possible atomic clocks having reduced size and power consumption and capable of maintaining an ultra-high vacuum without active pumping.

Abstract: An atomic clock having a physics package that includes a vacuum chamber cavity that holds atoms of Rb-87 under high vacuum conditions, an optical bench having a single laser light source, a local oscillator, a plurality of magnetic field coils, an antenna, at least one photo-detector and integrated control electronics. The single laser light source has a fold-retro-reflected design to create three retro-reflected optical beams that cross at 90° angles relative to one another in the vacuum chamber cavity. This design allows the single laser light source to make the required six trapping beams needed to trap and cool the atoms of Rb-87. The foregoing design makes possible atomic clocks having reduced size and power consumption and capable of maintaining an ultra-high vacuum without active pumping.

Abstract: An optical component is provided. The optical component includes an optical-path portion including an arm-connecting portion and a lower portion, a first arm extending from a first end of the arm-connecting portion, and a second arm extending from a second end of the arm-connecting portion. The first arm has at least one resting feature and the second arm has at least one resting feature. The optical-path portion has an input surface. When the resting features of the first arm and the second arm are positioned on a top surface at short edges of a trench in a trench system, the optical-path portion is vertically aligned in the trench.