Abstract: A method for determining the position of a liquid interface between a lower tray and an upper tray in a process apparatus such as a distillation column, using gamma scanning and comparing the maximum count rate of gamma photons measured between two trays with the count rate attributed to scanning through the apparatus filled with vapor. The method enables the operating parameters of the apparatus to be optimized and provides a manner of calculating the % flood of an individual tray.

Abstract: A method for determining the position of a liquid interface between a lower tray and an upper tray in a process apparatus such as a distillation column, using gamma scanning and comparing the maximum count rate of gamma photons measured between two trays with the count rate attributed to scanning through the apparatus filled with vapour. The method enables the operating parameters of the apparatus to be optimized and provides a manner of calculating the % flood of an individual tray.

Abstract: The present invention relates to automated chromatography systems and software for controlling such automated systems for optimising the purification of a protein from a sample. The software is adapted to monitor the signal from a detector in the system, determine two signal parameters and to control the components of the system depending on the actual values of the two signal parameters.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the non-magnetic purification of cellular components from a crude cell lysate by continuous liquid chromatography, which method comprises lysis of cells in a vessel to provide a crude cell lysate; passing the crude cell lysate so obtained, without any intermediate clarification, over a chromatogra-phy column packed with a porous particulate chromatography matrix to adsorb target component(s), wherein the particle surfaces present immobilised nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) ligands charged with metal ions; and recovering the target component(s) by elu-tion.