Abstract: A shock absorber damper assembly is provided that includes a working cylinder filled with fluid. A piston and rod are disposed in the working cylinder and move along an axis to provide dampening during a compression stroke. For a twin tube arrangement, a reservoir surrounds the working cylinder and may include a gas cell to accommodate the volume of the rod. A recoil valve controls flow of the fluid from the working cylinder to the reservoir during a recoil stroke. The recoil valve has an opening force controlling damping during the recoil stroke. A fluid passageway, which may be located in the reservoir, connects the working cylinder and the recoil valve. A check valve is disposed in the fluid passageway and opens to receive the fluid during the compression stroke. The check valve closes during the recoil stroke to retain the fluid against the recoil valve at a pressure and adjust the opening force of the recoil valve.

Abstract: A variable spring member includes a containment housing defining an inner chamber with alternating layers of compressible medium and electro-reactive medium. Adjacent each layer of electro-reactive medium is a coil assembly controlled by a controller. A sealed plate disposed between alternating layers of compressible medium and electro-reactive medium disperses a load exerted on the variable spring member assembly and prevents intermixing of compressible medium with the electro-reactive medium. Actuation of the coil assembly changes physical characteristics and compressibility of the layer of electro-reactive medium to vary spring rate and stiffness.

Abstract: The invention comprises a vehicle strut assembly. A strut has a first seat mounted to the strut and a second seat mounted to a vehicle body. A spring is mounted between the first seat and the second seat and is disposed around the strut. The spring has a compressed state and an uncompressed state. In the compressed state, the spring has a middle portion that defines a spring centerline. In the uncompressed state, the spring has ends portions extending towards opposite sides of the spring centerline.

Abstract: A variable spring member includes a containment housing defining an inner chamber with alternating layers of compressible medium and electro-reactive medium. Adjacent each layer of electro-reactive medium is a coil assembly controlled by a controller. A sealed plate disposed between alternating layers of compressible medium and electro-reactive medium disperses a load exerted on the variable spring member assembly and prevents intermixing of compressible medium with the electro-reactive medium. Actuation of the coil assembly changes physical characteristics and compressibility of the layer of electro-reactive medium to vary spring rate and stiffness.

Abstract: A shock absorber damper assembly is provided that includes a working cylinder filled with fluid. A piston and rod are disposed in the working cylinder and move along an axis to provide dampening during a compression stroke. For a twin tube arrangement, a reservoir surrounds the working cylinder and may include a gas cell to accommodate the volume of the rod. A recoil valve controls flow of the fluid from the working cylinder to the reservoir during a recoil stroke. The recoil valve has an opening force controlling damping during the recoil stroke. A fluid passageway, which may be located in the reservoir, connects the working cylinder and the recoil valve. A check valve is disposed in the fluid passageway and opens to receive the fluid during the compression stroke. The check valve closes during the recoil stroke to retain the fluid against the recoil valve at a pressure and adjust the opening force of the recoil valve.

Abstract: A suspension assembly comprises a strut mounted on a vehicle body for supporting a wheel. A first seat is mounted on the vehicle body. A first spring is mounted between the first seat and a second seat and has a coil wherein the coil extends a long a first axis. A second spring applies a biasing force to the strut along a second axis transverse to the first axis. The second spring is operatively connected to the vehicle body and the strut.

Abstract: A suspension assembly is provided that includes a strut connected between a lower control arm and a portion of the vehicle frame or body. This strut includes a hydraulic cylinder and rod disposed therein. A first spring seat is arranged on the hydraulic cylinder, and a second spring seat is arranged on the rod spaced from the other spring seat. A spring is arranged between the spring seats to provide a desired suspension load characteristic. At least one of the spring seats extends circumferentially about its connection to either the rod or hydraulic cylinder less than 360°. Since the spring engages the spring seat less than 360°, a non-uniform force is produced that generates a moment in a direction opposite the moment created by the suspension geometry. In this manner, the friction force at the bearing surface is minimized or eliminated.

Abstract: A MacPherson strut assembly is provided that has a hydraulic cylinder with a fluid chamber. A piston is arranged in the chamber, and a rod extends from the piston. A lower spring seat is supported on the hydraulic cylinder, and an upper spring seat is supported on the rod. A coil spring is arranged between the spring seats to produce a desired spring loading. In one embodiment, a compliant isolator having a sloped profile is arranged on the lower spring seat to produce an uneven spring loading. In another embodiment, a spring seat isolator may include materials of a different stiffness to produce uneven spring loading. An isolator may also be used between coils of the spring so that the compression on one side of the spring is limited more that the opposite side to produce uneven loading.

Abstract: A coil spring over shock absorber assembly includes a dampening mechanism for varying a dampening rate. The coil spring mounted to the outside of the shock absorber includes an adjustable support to change spring preload in order to adjust for vehicle load and maintain vehicle ride height. A load sensor is positioned on one of the coil spring supports and communicates changes in the coil spring preload to a controller. The controller in turn adjusts a dampening mechanism disposed within the shock absorber to optimize the dampening rate of the shock absorber relative to the coil spring preload.

Abstract: The invention comprises a vehicle strut assembly. A strut has a first seat mounted to the strut and a second seat mounted to a vehicle body. A spring is mounted between the first seat and the second seat and is disposed around the strut. The spring has a compressed state and an uncompressed state. In the compressed state, the spring has a middle portion that defines a spring centerline. In the uncompressed state, the spring has ends portions extending towards opposite sides of the spring centerline.

Abstract: A shock absorber is provided that includes a housing having an inner wall defining a working fluid chamber and an outer wall spaced outwardly from the inner wall defining a fluid reservoir. Either a compression head or an inner cylinder head may be arranged at an end of the housing. The head extends radially from a first portion interior of the inner wall to a second portion exterior of the inner wall with the head separating the working fluid chamber and the fluid reservoir. The head includes a passageway extending between the first and second portions fluidly interconnecting the working fluid chamber and the fluid reservoir. A valve is disposed about the inner wall and is arranged in the fluid reservoir. The valve has an annular sealing portion adjacent to the second portion for obstructing fluid flow through the passageway in a closed position and spaced from the second portion in an open position. A toroidal solenoid has a central opening with the inner wall disposed within the central opening.

Abstract: An adjustable shock absorber is provided that includes a body defining a cavity. A member such as a piston is disposed in the body and at least partially separates the cavity in two first and second fluid chambers. A port extends through the piston and fluidly connects the first and second chambers during damping. A deflection disc, typically several, are arranged adjacent to the piston and one of the chambers to at least partially obstruct the port. A flange member such as a washer is arranged in proximity to the deflection disc with the deflection disc arranged between the washer and the piston. The deflection disc bends about the washer, which acts as a fulcrum, to unobstruct the port. The washer has a first portion with a first radial width defining a first rate of damping and a second portion with a second radial width different than the first radial width defining a second rate of damping different than the first rate of damping.

Abstract: A coil spring forming system includes a mandrel having at least a portion that is selectively expandable so that a central portion of a resulting coil spring has a larger dimension than reduced diameter end sections of the spring. In one example, a plurality of coil shaping surfaces are supported relative to a central portion of the mandrel using a plurality of linkages. The coil shaping surfaces are moved using an actuator (i.e., hydraulic or pneumatic) between expanded and contracted positions to selectively vary the largest outside dimension of the mandrel. In one example, the coil shaping surfaces are spaced apart from each other in the expanded position. In another example, the coil shaping surfaces are arranged such that the mandrel has a generally continuous outer periphery when the surfaces are in the expanded position.

Abstract: A coil spring forming system allows for forming reduced diameter ends at both ends of a coil spring in a single forming process. A rotating member supports one end of the coil spring and preferably includes a die portion that establishes a configuration of that end of the coil spring. A pitch controlling device guides the coil stock longitudinally along the axis of the spring as the rotating member rotates to establish the desired pitch of the coil spring. A moving mandrel member is guided along an axis of the coil spring so that the mandrel member and the pitch controlling member establish the desired diameter of the spring at the corresponding portion of the spring. The mandrel member preferably has a forming surface with a varying outside dimension so that, depending on the placement of the mandrel relative to the coil stock and the pitch controlling member, the diameter of the resulting coil spring can be varied along the length of the spring.