Abstract: A carbon baking furnace having spaced-apart, hollow flue walls defining a soaking pit therebetween. Each of the flue walls is formed of refractory bricks and has a pit face facing the pit and a flue face facing an inner flue gas passage. A coating is provided on the pit face of the flue walls. The coating increases the emissivity value of the pit face, wherein the emissivity value of the pit face is greater than the emissivity value of the flue face.

Abstract: A monolithic refractory with improved resistance to molten aluminum and a method of imparting the resistance by adding 0.2 to 1 wt.% polyvinyl chloride powder to the base mix.

Abstract: A feed system is provided for conveying molten metal to a thin section caster having mold surfaces moving exclusively in the direction of casting. The feed system has a passage of circular cross section adjacent to one end thereof for receiving molten metal and a rectangular cross section at the delivery end thereof adjacent to the caster. The feed system is designed for supplying molten metal to the caster at low pressure for "closed-pool" type caster operation. The point of highest elevation in the metal flow passage of the feed system is on the upper surface of a transition portion where the cross section changes from circular to rectangular adjacent to the nozzle. The level or height of the high point above the centerline of the nozzle exit is selected so as to be less than the pressure of the metal measured in inches at the nozzle exit. This feature enables the maintenance of positive pressure in the metal within the feed system so that ingress of air into the metal is prevented.

Abstract: A refractory composition comprising a fused silica composition comprising a silica compound and a binder and for each 100 parts by weight of said fused silica composition from about 3 to 15 parts by weight of alumina-silica based hollow microspheres.

Abstract: A refractory composition characterized by relatively high abrasion resistance, good flowability and long working time, comprised of 0.5 to 5 weight percent volatilized silica, 3.0 to 15 weight percent -65 mesh alumina, 20-40 weight percent cement, and the balance a refractory aggregate. Better results are obtained with a composition comprised of from 30-40 weight percent cement.

Abstract: A refractory composition characterized by abrasion resistance and low thermal conductivity comprising about 40 to about 96 weight percent amorphous silica, about 2 to about 50 weight percent -65 mesh calcined refractory aggregate having a density of at least about 140 lb/ft.sup.3 and about 2 to about 40 weight percent calcium aluminate cement.

Abstract: A means for producing nitride bonded refractory shapes, in situ, by mixing an aluminum metal powder, relatively pure silica and a refractory aggregate. The mixes are pressed into shapes and burned at elevated temperatures in a nitriding atmosphere to form the bond.

Abstract: Monolithic refractories containing refractory aggregate, cement and a hydrocolloid.

Abstract: A castable silica refractory consisting essentially of 58-78 by weight percent amorphous silica selected from the group consisting of vitreous and fused silica or a combination thereof; 10-30 by weight percent quartzite; 4-10 by weight percent volatilized silica; 2-3 by weight percent wollastonite powder; and 1-3 by weight percent white portland cement; plus as additions about 0.4 by weight percent water reducing agent and 6-10 by weight percent water.

Abstract: A means for producing nitride bonded refractory shapes, in situ, by mixing an aluminum metal powder, relatively pure silica, crude clay and a refractory aggregate. The mixes are pressed into shapes and burned at elevated temperatures in a nitriding atmosphere to form the bond.

Abstract: Monolithic refractories comprising non-basic refractory aggregates, a binder, and vinyl chloride acetate.

Abstract: A vibratable plastic refractory composition which is based upon calcined kaolin and a non-basic calcined refractory aggregate, in which the -325 mesh fraction of the batch is controlled to between about 30 and 45%.