Abstract: A method for garbage collection, involving identifying a first object referenced by a second object, determining whether the address of the first object is lower than a pointer position, in response to determining that the address of the first object is lower than the pointer position, adding an identifier for the first object to a mark stack, determining whether a number of identifiers in the mark stack has reached a flush threshold, in response to determining that the number of identifiers in the mark stack has reached the flush threshold, setting a set of marks included in a mark bitmap to grey, setting a region field of a rescan map to indicate that a region of the mark bitmap includes any of the set of marks, and performing a rescan of the region based on the region field.

Abstract: A method for performing garbage collection promotion, comprising determining that an age of a large young object is greater than a predetermined tenuring threshold, wherein the predetermined tenuring threshold specifies an age beyond which objects are promoted, setting a plurality of types of a plurality of large memory regions from young to old to promote the large young object to a large old object, wherein the plurality of large memory regions host the large young object, scavenging references of the large old object, wherein the large old object is a large promoted object, scanning a large young object list to identify a plurality of unvisited large young objects, wherein a plurality of visited bits of the plurality of unvisited large young objects are unset, and releasing a plurality of unvisited large memory regions, wherein the unvisited large memory regions host the plurality of unvisited large young objects.