Abstract: The aim of the invention is to provide a method, network control unit and a communication network for optimising the traffic in a communication network that is configured from network components, these entities permitting a degradation of service quality caused by the non-availability of network components to be at least temporarily averted.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, traffic load is redirected in reaction to traffic overload or a link failure in a packet-based network that is formed by nodes and links, packets being distributed along multiple paths to other links of an associated array of paths. The redistribution is performed autonomously by the node which is located immediately upstream of the affected link. According to a further development of the method, nodes that are located upstream of the concerned node are notified and are made to perform a redistribution that relieves the concerned node if the array of paths is not made overload-free by the redistribution performed by the node. A mechanism that protects against overload and failures and reacts in a significantly more flexible and less error-prone manner than networks having a central control body due to the nodes being autonomous is provided.

Abstract: A method for aggregating or combining signaling messages for the adaptation of resource reservations required for route modifications is provided. According to the method, a modification of an inter-domain route requiring an adaptation of resource reservations is disclosed to a first routing domain. The first routing domain communicates the modification of the inter-domain route to at least a second and a third routing domain. Resource reservations adapted according to the route modification are then disclosed by the second and the third routing domains to the first routing domain and are combined in order to be transferred to a fourth routing domain. According to one form of embodiment, a timer is used to define the period of time for combining reservation messages, in order to be able to transfer modified reservations in a more efficient manner.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, traffic load is redirected in reaction to traffic overload or a link failure in a packet-based network that is formed by nodes and links, packets being distributed along multiple paths to other links of an associated array of paths. The redistribution is performed autonomously by the node which is located immediately upstream of the affected link. According to a further development of the method, nodes that are located upstream of the concerned node are notified and are made to perform a redistribution that relieves the concerned node if the array of paths is not made overload-free by the redistribution performed by the node. A mechanism that protects against overload and failures and reacts in a significantly more flexible and less error-prone manner than networks having a central control body due to the nodes being autonomous is provided.

Abstract: An inter-domain multipath routing method, for extending multipath routing beyond the limits of packet-oriented networks or autonomous systems is provided. A traffic distribution over several links, outgoing from a packet-oriented network with multipath routing, is carried out. For the determination of alternative paths, leading to neighboring networks, the edge nodes of neighboring networks, by means of which a target can be reached, can be combined as a virtual end point. The virtual edge nodes then permit alternative paths between a starting point and the virtual end point to be determined by means of conventional methods, for example, multipath MPLS. Packets are then distributed over the paths, whereby a distribution beyond the network limit is also induced.

Abstract: A process to increase resistance to tearing in a heat-resettable material involves extruding a polymer of a specified crosslinking density to produce a plastic web. After cooling the plastic web is heated by creating a temperature decreasing towards its core and stretched at core temperature below crystalline melting temperature of partially crystalline and crystalline polymers resulting in a distribution of orientation over the full section of the plastic web. Resistance to tearing will be essentially increased in this manner based on a simple, low-cost production process.