Abstract: The invention relates to a method for annealing of at least two wafers bonded via low-temperature direct bonding comprising heating the bonded wafers up to a first annealing temperature in the range of 100° C. to 500° C., preferably 150° C. to 400° C., even more preferred 150° C. to 200° C., holding the first annealing temperature in a range of 1 to 4 hours, preferably 1 to 3 hours, cooling down the bonded wafers to room temperature, re-heating the bonded wafers to a second annealing temperature in the range of 100° C. to 500° C., preferably 150° C. to 400° C., even more preferred 150° C. to 200° C., and cooling down the bonded wafers to room temperature.

Abstract: A buoyancy modification module for a modular underwater vehicle may include a first frame configured to connect the buoyancy modification module to other modules, and a first pressure hull with a first flooding region and a first dry region. A first pump arranged in the first dry region can pump water out of the surroundings or a neutral-buoyancy reservoir into the first flooding region and out of the first flooding region into the surroundings or the neutral-buoyancy reservoir. A first gas region that is connected to the first flooding region may include a first gas pressure when the first flooding region is completely empty, and a second gas pressure when the first flooding region is completely flooded. A difference between the first gas pressure and the second gas pressure results from a reduction in space available for gas in the first gas region.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for annealing of at least two wafers bonded via low-temperature direct bonding comprising heating the bonded wafers up to a first annealing temperature in the range of 100° C. to 500° C., preferably 150° C. to 400° C., even more preferred 150° C. to 200° C., holding the first annealing temperature in a range of 1 to 4 hours, preferably 1 to 3 hours, cooling down the bonded wafers to room temperature, re-heating the bonded wafers to a second annealing temperature in the range of 100° C. to 500° C., preferably 150° C. to 400° C., even more preferred 150° C. to 200° C., and cooling down the bonded wafers to room temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a buoyancy modification module 10 for a modular underwater vehicle, wherein said buoyancy modification module 10 has at least one first frame 20, wherein the frame 20 is designed to connect the buoyancy modification module 10 to other modules, wherein the buoyancy modification module 10 has at least one first pressure hull 30, wherein the first pressure hull 30 has at least one first flooding region 50 and at least one first dry region, wherein at least one first pump 40 is arranged in the first dry region, wherein the first pump 40 can pump water out of the surroundings or a neutral-buoyancy reservoir into the first flooding region 50 and out of the first flooding region 50 into the surroundings or a neutral-buoyancy reservoir.

Abstract: A position measurement system including a first interferometer and a second interferometer arranged to determine a distance of the object in a first direction when the object is in a first measurement area by emitting beams onto a target surface of the object. The position measurement system further has a third interferometer and a fourth interferometer arranged to determine a distance of the object in the first direction when the object is in a second measurement area by emitting beams onto the target surface of the object. An arrangement of relative positions in a second direction of beams spots impinging on the target surface from the beams emitted by the first and second interferometers is different from an arrangement of relative positions in the second direction of beams spots impinging on the target surface from the beams emitted by the third and fourth interferometers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a control device for operating an internal combustion engine of a portable work device, said method having the following method steps: a) storing a starting ignition curve for specifying an ignition time after a startup time of the internal combustion engine and an operating ignition curve for specifying the ignition time in a speed range assigned to the nominal operation of the internal combustion engine, b) reading the current engine speed, c) reading at least one time value which indicates the time that has elapsed since a reference time, wherein the reference time can relate to the startup time of the internal combustion engine, and d) determining and/or initiating a switchover process from the starting ignition curve to the operating ignition curve on the basis of the current engine speed and the time value.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for producing metal sections having two profile flanges arranged opposite one another and having flange inner faces that are to be kept apart from each other by a closely toleranced final chamber dimension. In order to adapt the chamber dimension from a starting chamber dimension K0 to a desired final chamber dimension K1, the metal section is passed through the device, which forms working gaps between an inner working roll pair and outer support rolls. The working rolls that form the inner working roll pair roll over each other in order to brace the forming forces exerted on the working roll pair from the flange inner faces against each other.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a control device for operating an internal combustion engine of a portable work device, said method having the following method steps: a) storing a starting ignition curve for specifying an ignition time after a startup time of the internal combustion engine and an operating ignition curve for specifying the ignition time in a speed range assigned to the nominal operation of the internal combustion engine, b) reading the current engine speed, c) reading at least one time value which indicates the time that has elapsed since a reference time, wherein the reference time can relate to the startup time of the internal combustion engine, and d) determining and/or initiating a switchover process from the starting ignition curve to the operating ignition curve on the basis of the current engine speed and the time value.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for producing metal sections having two profile flanges arranged opposite one another and having flange inner faces that are to be kept apart from each other by a closely toleranced final chamber dimension. In order to adapt the chamber dimension from a starting chamber dimension K0 to a desired final chamber dimension K1, the metal section is passed through the device, which forms working gaps between an inner working roll pair and outer support rolls. The working rolls that form the inner working roll pair roll over each other in order to brace the forming forces exerted on the working roll pair from the flange inner faces against each other.

Abstract: A hydraulic circuit for a dual clutch transmission for motor vehicles comprises a first and a second clutch that can be hydraulically actuated and a first and a second pressure control valve for regulating the clutch pressure of the first and second clutches. In this circuit there is provided a single central valve, which in a first position connects the pressure control valves to the respective clutches and in a second position disengages the pressure control valves from the respective clutches.

Abstract: A system for determining a gear ratio change in an automatic transmission of a motor vehicle, includes an electronic control unit, a device for acquiring information about a surroundings of the vehicle, a device for acquiring driver data and/or vehicle data, and a correction module connecting the electronic control unit to the transmission. The correction module is connected to the transmission, to the device for acquiring information about the surroundings, and to the device for acquiring driver data and/or vehicle data. In addition, a method for determining a gear ratio change in an automatic transmission of a motor vehicle using the devices of the system is provided.

Abstract: A method for predictive determination of gear ratio changes in an electronically controlled transmission. Environment data (12), driver/vehicle data (11) and information about a first proposed gear (10) are fed to a correcting module (13) which comprises at least one driving situation module (14) and a determining module (15). The determining module (15) evaluates, in a first step (2), whether at least one shifting situation for a procedure exists. If at least one shifting situation exists, evaluating, in a second step (6), whether also the conditions for carrying out the respective procedure for one of the detected shifting situations exist. If a shifting situation has occurred and the conditions for performing a procedure exist, the first proposed gear (10) is adapted in a third step and an adapted second proposed gear (17) is determined, the information of which is forwarded to the transmission (18).

Abstract: A hydraulic circuit for a dual clutch transmission for motor vehicles comprises a first and a second clutch that can be hydraulically actuated and a first and a second pressure control valve for regulating the clutch pressure of the first and second clutches. In this circuit there is provided a single central valve, which in a first position connects the pressure control valves to the respective clutches and in a second position disengages the pressure control valves from the respective clutches.

Abstract: An automatic variable-speed transmission for setting up a plurality of gear steps with an input shaft, an output shaft and two transmission units which form two parallel branches. One branch has a multi-step transmission and the other a summing transmission with a friction clutch for starting and for central synchronization, the friction clutch having a first friction element and a second friction element, one of the friction elements being connectable to various transmission elements by means of at least one shift element, with at least one first power command range for gear-step changes between low gear steps and at least one second power command range for at least the gear change into the highest gear step and for the highest gear step. In this case, the at least one shift element connects the one friction element to transmission elements such that there is reduced reactive-power flow in any operating mode.

Abstract: An automatic variable-speed transmission for setting up a plurality of gear steps with an input shaft, an output shaft and two transmission units which form two parallel branches. One branch has a multi-step transmission and the other a summing transmission with a friction clutch for starting and for central synchronization, the friction clutch having a first friction element and a second friction element, one of the friction elements being connectable to various transmission elements by means of at least one shift element, with at least one first power command range for gear-step changes between low gear steps and at least one second power command range for at least the gear change into the highest gear step and for the highest gear step. In this case, the at least one shift element connects the one friction element to transmission elements such that there is reduced reactive-power flow in any operating mode.

Abstract: An insulated coil for wires of electrical engines and magnets, especially for a motor vehicle, that consisting of insulated materials permitting operating temperatures above 200° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling a motor vehicle having electric drive mechanism, especially a city autobus, in which one or more wheels are driven by one electric motor and which is provided with an electric brake and a control circuit, wherein when a first defined threshold value (1) of the rotational speed (n) of the electric motor is exceeded, the drive torque (m) is cut back and is reduced down to zero when the rotational speed (n) continues to increase, and that when a second defined threshold value (3) of the rotational speed (n) which is higher than the first threshold value (1) is exceeded, the electric brake is engaged and as the rotational speed increases exerts a maximum brake torque when a limit value (4) is reached.

Abstract: The invention concerns a control system for operating a drive assembly of a ship. The system consists of an engine (1), a transmission (3) and an adjustable clutch (4) for forward and reverse motions. A control station (15), a control lever (27) and a control electronics (15) are provided for adjusting the direction of motion and the speed of the ship. In order to influence the reaction of the ship when changing direction, several reversing aids are provided according to the invention. The pilot can use the reversing aids by actuating a selection key (24) located on the control station.

Abstract: The invention concerns a control system for operating a ship's motive installation (1, 2). Via a gearing (4) having adjustable clutches (67, 69) for forward and astern movement, an engine (3) drives a propeller shaft (7). Control and sensor devices (53, 54) are provided. With them the engine speed and the degree of slip of the clutches can be altered. With a control lever (13, 14) of a control post (9) a propeller shaft speed can be adjusted. A control electronics (21) defines the momentary operational condition by freely selecting from three possible operation conditions. The respective operation condition is defined depending on operational parameters to be observed of the engine (3) and/or the gearing (4). The control system is particularly adequate for use within a ship's multi-engine motive installations.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the electromagnetic values of a coil, in particular for measuring the position of the armature of a coil/armature magnetic system includes a capacitor connected parallel at an arbitrary location to a supply line for the coil so as to define a parallel resonant circuit containing inductance of the coil and capacitance of the capacitor. An exciting frequency is introduced into the parallel resonant circuit by a transducer which is connected to the supply line. In addition, an evaluation instrument is connected to the supply line for determining the resonant frequency of the parallel resonant circuit and thus the position of the armature of the coil/armature magnetic system.