Abstract: A buttressed edge cutting tool wherein alternating buttresses and grooves are formed across blade faces with each groove having a depth fairing smoothly to zero at its end remote from the cutting edge.

Abstract: The invention is a method and apparatus, and resultant product, for altering the form of material comprising the steps of synchronously driving a plurality of forming wheels, the forming wheels grooved to a radial depth of predetermined amount; spatially aligning the driven wheels in predetermined relationship; and feeding the material to be further formed successively to each of the forming wheels. The radial depth is sufficient to fully entrap the material. The shape of the groove conforms to the shape of the material with minimum clearance to prevent binding and yet to permit exertion of forming forces on the material.

Abstract: A cutting rule including teeth having a beveled chisel-like tip with a straight-edged top, symmetrical angular side edges and shallow notches between adjacent teeth. In alternate embodiments the side edges may be beveled and the rear side of the tip may be beveled. Also, an improved slot configuration is provided which facilitates bending to form a curved rule.