Abstract: A propane gas-utilizing system includes a housing having propane gas and a propane leakage prevention material having a catalyst, scavenger, and/or oxidizer of the propane gas arranged in the housing and including at least one of (a) an oxide material having at least one composition of formula (I): Ru1-xMxO2 (I), where 0<x?0.1 and M is Ag, K, Pt, Rh, or Ir, or (b) an oxide material having at least one composition of formula (II): Co3-xMxO4 (II), where 0<x?0.3, and M is Pd, Cu, or Sr, or (c) an oxide material having at least one composition of formula (III): MM?xOy (III), where x is a stoichiometric ratio of M? to M, 0?x?1.5, y is a stoichiometric ratio of O to M, 1?y?3, M is an alkali metal, and M? (if x>0) is Y, Ce, Nb, Ta, La, Nd, Mn, Ag, Au, or Cr.

Abstract: A propane gas-utilizing system includes a housing having propane gas and a propane leakage prevention material having a catalyst, scavenger, and/or oxidizer of the propane gas arranged in the housing and including at least one of (a) an oxide material having at least one composition of formula (I): Ru1-xMxO2 (I), where 0<x?0.1 and M is Ag, K, Pt, Rh, or Ir, or (b) an oxide material having at least one composition of formula (II): Co3-xMxO4 (II), where 0<x?0.3, and M is Pd, Cu, or Sr, or (c) an oxide material having at least one composition of formula (III): MM?xOy (III), where x is a stoichiometric ratio of M? to M, 0?x?1.5, y is a stoichiometric ratio of O to M, 1?y?3, M is an alkali metal, and M? (if x>0) is Y, Ce, Nb, Ta, La, Nd, Mn, Ag, Au, or Cr.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for equalizing states of charge of a plurality of battery modules (20) of a battery (10). The method comprises identifying each of the battery modules (20) which is to be discharged by means of a load resistor (30) which is associated with the respective battery module for the purpose of equalizing the states of charge. The method comprises carrying out, for each battery module (20) or each identified battery module (20), a first evaluation, which is associated with the respective battery module, of its state of charge which occurs at a first time on a first day and/or of a first quantity of electrical energy and/or of a second quantity of electrical energy. An estimate for the first quantity of energy can be supplied by an energy conversion system to the battery (10) during the first day. An estimate for the second quantity of energy is supplied by the battery (10) to a load during the first day.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for equalizing states of charge of a plurality of battery modules (20) of a battery (10). The method comprises identifying each of the battery modules (20) which is to be discharged by means of a load resistor (30) which is associated with the respective battery module for the purpose of equalizing the states of charge. The method comprises carrying out, for each battery module (20) or each identified battery module (20), a first evaluation, which is associated with the respective battery module, of its state of charge which occurs at a first time on a first day and/or of a first quantity of electrical energy and/or of a second quantity of electrical energy. An estimate for the first quantity of energy can be supplied by an energy conversion system to the battery (10) during the first day. An estimate for the second quantity of energy is supplied by the battery (10) to a load during the first day.