Abstract: A previously encoded or reconstructed version of a neighborhood of a predetermined block to be predicted is exploited so as to result into a more efficient predictive coding of the prediction block. In particular, a spectral decomposition of a region composed of this neighborhood and a first version of a predicted filling of the predetermined block results into a first spectrum which is subject to noise reduction and the thus resulting second spectrum may be subject to a spectral composition, thereby resulting in a modified version of this region including a second version of the predicted filling of the predetermined block. Owing to the exploitation of the already processed, i.e. encoded/reconstructed, neighborhood of the predetermined block, the second version of the predicted filling of the predetermined block tends to improve the coding efficiency.

Abstract: Decoder for decoding a picture, wherein blocks into which the picture is subdivided are assigned to a set of prediction types, which include intra prediction and inter prediction. For each of predetermined intra-predicted blocks, the decoder is configured to derive, from the data stream, an information on a partitioning of the respective predetermined intra-predicted block into partitions. The decoder is configured to derive, from the data stream, for each partition of the respective predetermined intra-predicted block, a partition-specific prediction residual signal related to a spatial domain prediction residual signal of the respective partition of the respective predetermined intra-predicted block via a predetermined transform. The predetermined transform can be identified out of a set of transforms including a first transform and a second transform, which equals a concatenation of a primary transform and a secondary transform applied onto a subset of coefficients of the primary transform.

Abstract: Pruning and/or quantizing a machine learning predictor or, in other words, a machine learning model such as a neural network is rendered more efficient if the pruning and/or quantizing is performed using relevance scores which are determined for portions of the machine learning predictor on the basis of an activation of the portions of the machine learning predictor manifesting itself in one or more inferences performed by the machine learning (ML) predictor.

Abstract: An apparatus configured to select a predetermined intra prediction mode out of a plurality of intra-prediction modes which includes a first set of intra-prediction modes and a second set of matrix-based intra-prediction modes. The apparatus is configured to select a subset of one or more secondary transforms dependent on the predetermined intra prediction mode so that the subset is nonempty in case of the predetermined intra prediction mode being contained in the first set of intra-prediction modes or in the second set of matrix-based intra-prediction modes. The apparatus is configured to derive a transformed version of a prediction residual for a predetermined block, which is related to a spatial domain version of the prediction residual of the predetermined block via a transform defined by a concatenation of a primary transform and a predetermined secondary transform out of the subset of secondary transforms.

Abstract: A video decoder and a video encoder include a noise reduction operation including at least two denoising operations and adapting the second denoising operation in dependence of the difference before and after the first denoising operation, thus correcting the quality reduction occurred due to the application of the first denoising operation. Corresponding methods serve to encode and decode video signals.

Abstract: Various concepts for media content streaming are described. Some allow for streaming spatial scene content in a spatially unequal manner so that the visible quality for the user is increased, or the processing complexity or used bandwidth at the streaming retrieval site is decreased. Others allow for streaming spatial scene content in a manner enlarging the applicability to further application scenarios.

Abstract: A concept for Federated Learning which is more efficient and/or robust is presented. Beyond this, concepts for specifying clients and/or measuring training data similarities in a manner more suitable for being applied in Federated Learning environments, are described.

Abstract: A video encoder encodes a video into a data stream, the video encoder being configured to vary a granularity at which a Quantization Parameter—QP—is applied depending on an association of frames of the video to temporally hierarchical layers at which the video is encoded into the data stream. The technology also concerns a respective decoder, a respective method for encoding and decoding, and a computer program for implementing the methods.

Abstract: A higher coding efficiency for coding a significance map indicating positions of significant transform coefficients within a transform coefficient block is achieved by the scan order by which the sequentially extracted syntax elements indicating, for associated positions within the transform coefficient block, as to whether at the respective position a significant or insignificant transform coefficient is situated, are sequentially associated to the positions of the transform coefficient block, among the positions of the transform coefficient block depends on the positions of the significant transform coefficients indicated by previously associated syntax elements. Alternatively, the first-type elements may be context-adaptively entropy decoded using contexts which are individually selected for each of the syntax elements dependent on a number of significant transform coefficients in a neighborhood of the respective syntax element, indicated as being significant by any of the preceding syntax elements.

Abstract: A decoder is described, which receives an encoded data stream. The encoded data stream includes data representing a picture and a classification mode parameter. The classification mode parameter specifies a certain classification to be applied to samples in the picture, the certain classification selected from a plurality of classifications. The decoder decodes the encoded data stream to obtain a reconstructed picture and the classification mode parameter, classifies samples of the reconstructed picture into one of a plurality of classes using the certain classification specified by the classification mode parameter, and filters the samples of the reconstructed picture. A sample is filtered using a filter for the class into which the sample has been classified.

Abstract: Decoder for block-based decoding of an encoded picture signal using transform decoding, configured to select for a predetermined block a selected transform mode, entropy decode a block to be dequantized, which is associated with the predetermined block according to the selected transform mode, from a data stream and dequantize the block to be dequantized using a quantization accuracy, which depends on the selected transform mode, to obtain a dequantized block.

Abstract: Apparatus configured to derive a set-selective syntax element indicating whether the predetermined block is to be predicted using one of a first set of intra-prediction modes comprising a DC intra prediction mode and angular prediction modes. If the set-selective syntax element indicates that the predetermined block is to be predicted using one of the first set of intra-prediction modes, the apparatus is configured to use a list of most probable intra-prediction modes. If the set-selective syntax element indicates that the predetermined block is not to be predicted using one of the first set of intra-prediction modes, the apparatus is configured to use a matrix-based intra-prediction mode. The list of most probable intra-prediction modes is formed such that the list of most probable intra-prediction modes is free of the DC intra prediction mode in case of the neighbouring blocks being predicted by any of the angular intra prediction modes.

Abstract: In an encoder and a decoder for Region Based Intra Block Copy, the encoder may be configured for block-based encoding a picture into a data stream, and the decoder may be configured for block-based decoding a picture from a data stream. The encoder and decoder may further be configured to determine for a current block of the picture a difference between a first predetermined block and a second predetermined block inside a block search area. The encoder may encode the difference into the data stream and the decoder may derive the difference from the data stream. According to the innovative principle, the encoder and the decoder may be configured to partition the block search area into multiple block search regions.

Abstract: Various concepts for media content streaming are described. Some allow for streaming spatial scene content in a spatially unequal manner so that the visible quality for the user is increased, or the processing complexity or used bandwidth at the streaming retrieval site is decreased. Others allow for streaming spatial scene content in a manner enlarging the applicability to further application scenarios.

Abstract: A video decoder for decoding a video from a data stream using block-based predictive decoding, the video decoder supporting a set of primitive prediction modes for predicting blocks of a picture of the video, is configured to predict a predetermined block by a composed prediction signal by deriving, using a collection of one or more primitive prediction modes out of the set of primitive prediction modes, a collection of one or more primitive predictions for the predetermined block, and composing the composed prediction signal for the predetermined block by combining the collection of one or more primitive predictions.

Abstract: A decoder for decoding a data stream into which media data is coded has a mode switch configured to activate a low-complexity mode or a high-efficiency mode depending on the data stream, an entropy decoding engine configured to retrieve each symbol of a sequence of symbols by entropy decoding using a selected one of a plurality of entropy decoding schemes, a desymbolizer configured to desymbolize the sequence of symbols to obtain a sequence of syntax elements, a reconstructor configured to reconstruct the media data based on the sequence of syntax elements, selection depending on the activated low-complexity mode or the high-efficiency mode.

Abstract: A video encoder according to embodiments is configured for encoding a plurality of pictures of a video by generating an encoded video signal, wherein each of the plurality of pictures includes original picture data. The video encoder includes a data encoder configured for generating the encoded video signal including encoded picture data, wherein the data encoder is configured to encode the plurality of pictures of the video into the encoded picture data. Moreover, the video encoder includes an output interface configured for outputting the encoded picture data of each of the plurality of pictures. Furthermore, a video decoders, systems, methods for encoding and decoding, computer programs and encoded video signals according to embodiments are provided.

Abstract: The present invention concerns an apparatus configured to partition a picture into leaf blocks using recursive multi-tree partitioning, block-based encode the picture into a data stream using the partitioning of the picture into the leaf blocks, wherein the apparatus is configured to, in partitioning the picture into the leaf blocks, for a predetermined block which extends beyond a boundary of the picture, reduce an available set of split modes depending on a position at which the boundary of the picture crosses the predetermined block in order to obtain a reduced set of one or more split modes, wherein the apparatus is configured to signal a selected split mode in the data stream.

Abstract: An apparatus for presenting immersive media content is described. The apparatus obtains from a sender video data representing immersive content for a certain viewing direction and/or for a certain viewpoint, and displays the video data representing the immersive content for the certain viewing direction and/or for the certain viewpoint.

Abstract: A higher coding efficiency for coding a significance map indicating positions of significant transform coefficients within a transform coefficient block is achieved by the scan order by which the sequentially extracted syntax elements indicating, for associated positions within the transform coefficient block, as to whether at the respective position a significant or insignificant transform coefficient is situated, are sequentially associated to the positions of the transform coefficient block, among the positions of the transform coefficient block depends on the positions of the significant transform coefficients indicated by previously associated syntax elements. Alternatively, the first-type elements may be context-adaptively entropy decoded using contexts which are individually selected for each of the syntax elements dependent on a number of significant transform coefficients in a neighborhood of the respective syntax element, indicated as being significant by any of the preceding syntax elements.