Abstract: A method for the production of castings which are permanently provided with readable information. An identification element, which has an information surface, provided with information, and a casting surface which is assigned to the casting and also provided with information, is arranged on a casting mould surface assigned to a mould cavity of a casting mould so that the information surface is covered, while the casting surface is exposed in the mould cavity. A metal melt is poured into the mould, so that, during casting or solidification of the metal melt, a firmly bonded, form-fit or force-fit connection of the identification element to the casting is produced. The information on the casting surface is reproduced in the manner of a stamp on surface of the casting. The casting is then removed from the mould and fettled.

Abstract: A method for the production of castings which are permanently provided with readable information. An identification element, which has an information surface, provided with information, and a casting surface which is assigned to the casting and also provided with information, is arranged on a casting mould surface assigned to a mould cavity of a casting mould so that the information surface is covered, while the casting surface is exposed in the mould cavity. A metal melt is poured into the mould, so that, during casting or solidification of the metal melt, a firmly bonded, form-fit or force-fit connection of the identification element to the casting is produced. The information on the casting surface is reproduced in the manner of a stamp on surface of the casting. The casting is then removed from the mould and fettled.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and system for diagnosing communication connections in a communication system. The invention enables the provision of a plurality of first diagnosis units and at least one second diagnosis unit, wherein the first and second diagnosis units each are assigned to a communication connection of the communication system and are configured for determining a value of a diagnosis variable of the respectively assigned communication connections, and provides for determining a value of at least one diagnosis variable by each of the first diagnosis units, determining a value of at least one diagnosis variable by the at least one second diagnosis unit, transferring the values determined by the first diagnosis units to an evaluation unit, statistically evaluating the transferred values by the evaluation unit, and diagnosing the values determined by the at least one second diagnosis unit depending on the statistical evaluation by the evaluation unit.

Abstract: Methods for accessing a control module that can be executed in a control device of an automating system are provided. The method includes the steps of providing the control module in the control device; providing a first interface module in the control device; providing a second interface module in the control device; connecting the control device with an operating device via a network; transferring the second interface module from the control device to the operating device, whereby the operating device comprises input and output devices for operation by a user; executing the second interface module by the operating device; and transferring data between the first and the second interface modules.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and system for diagnosing communication connections in a communication system. The invention enables the provision of a plurality of first diagnosis units and at least one second diagnosis unit, wherein the first and second diagnosis units each are assigned to a communication connection of the communication system and are configured for determining a value of a diagnosis variable of the respectively assigned communication connections, and provides for determining a value of at least one diagnosis variable by each of the first diagnosis units, determining a value of at least one diagnosis variable by the at least one second diagnosis unit, transferring the values determined by the first diagnosis units to an evaluation unit, statistically evaluating the transferred values by the evaluation unit, and diagnosing the values determined by the at least one second diagnosis unit depending on the statistical evaluation by the evaluation unit.

Abstract: Methods for accessing a control module that can be executed in a control device of an automating system are provided. The method includes the steps of providing the control module in the control device; providing a first interface module in the control device; providing a second interface module in the control device; connecting the control device with an operating device via a network; transferring the second interface module from the control device to the operating device, whereby the operating device comprises input and output devices for operation by a user; executing the second interface module by the operating device; and transferring data between the first and the second interface modules.

Abstract: For determination of the bandwidth of optical fibers, the invention proposes a method which comprises the injection of light at a first optical power level and at a first frequency into an optical fiber, as well as the measurement of a first signal level as a function of the optical power level of the light passing through the fiber at the first frequency, the injection of light at the second optical power level and at a second frequency into the optical fiber, the measurement of a second signal level as a function of the optical power level of the light passing through the fiber at the second frequency, and the determination of the bandwidth of the fiber as a function of the first and second optical power levels and/or of the measured first and second signal levels using a predetermined rule which describes the frequency-dependant attenuation response of the fiber.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement allows data, which are necessary for building up fault-tolerant structures, to be transmitted on standard ring-shaped bus systems. Its implementation requires a monitoring unit and input and output units which transmit or receive data for control. The circuit arrangement handles the task of detecting any faults which can become a danger for the process within a machine or plant. Due to its internal configuration, the circuit arrangement identifies any fault even before the detection of the fault and initiates a protected switch-off. In this arrangement, it is of no importance whether it is the external control unit or the bus system used which is responsible for the fault.

Abstract: For determination of the bandwidth of optical fibers, the invention proposes a method which comprises the injection of light at a first optical power level and at a first frequency into an optical fiber, as well as the measurement of a first signal level as a function of the optical power level of the light passing through the fiber at the first frequency, the injection of light at the second optical power level and at a second frequency into the optical fiber, the measurement of a second signal level as a function of the optical power level of the light passing through the fiber at the second frequency, and the determination of the bandwidth of the fiber as a function of the first and second optical power levels and/or of the measured first and second signal levels using a predetermined rule which describes the frequency-dependant attenuation response of the fiber.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement allows data, which are necessary for building up fault-tolerant structures, to be transmitted on standard ring-shaped bus systems. Its implementation requires a monitoring unit and input and output units which transmit or receive data for control. The circuit arrangement handles the task of detecting any faults which can become a danger for the process within a machine or plant. Due to its internal configuration, the circuit arrangement identifies any fault even before the detection of the fault and initiates a protected switch-off. In this arrangement, it is of no importance whether it is the external control unit or the bus system used which is responsible for the fault.

Abstract: The present circuit arrangement allows data, which are necessary for building up fault-tolerant structures, to be transmitted on standard ring-shaped bus systems. Its implementation requires a monitoring unit and input and output units which transmit or receive data for control. The circuit arrangement handles the task of detecting any faults which can become a danger for the process within a machine or plant. Due to its internal configuration, the circuit arrangement identifies any fault even before the detection of the fault and initiates a protected switch-off. In this arrangement, it is of no importance whether it is the external control unit or the bus system used which is responsible for the fault.

Abstract: The arrangement for continuous treatment of a textile product with steam includes one or more treatment chambers; a transporting device having a horizontal conveyor guided through the treatment chamber or chambers; a steam-tight housing surrounding the treatment chamber or chambers; at least one circulating device with at least one circulating fan arranged in the treatment chamber or chambers and nozzle boxes arranged above and below the horizontal conveyor for delivering superheated steam to the product web conveyed on the conveyor. The horizontal conveyor is a sieve band, preferably with an opening degree amounting to from 50 to 90%. A method of steam treatment is also described.

Abstract: A switch cabinet (1) comprises a case (2), several modules (3) and a supporting rail (4), the modules (3) being secured on the supporting rail (4). The disclosed switch cabinet (1) is characterised in that it is designed in functional blocks and modules, so that all modules (3) required by a machine and only those modules are mounted in the switch cabinet case (2).

Abstract: A control and data transmission installation and a process for transmission of safely-related data in a control and data transmission installation. In accordance with the invention, safety procedures of existing field bus systems, particularly the interbus, are improved in such a way that there is no need either for additional lines for the transmission of control signals or redundant, safety-related units. In the inventive control and data installation, a master control device and a number of bus subscribers each include respective safety-related devices for carrying out predetermined safety functions. The safety-related devices can communicate with each other by way of a field bus.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for electronic monitoring of the supply current of modules connected to a bus, in particular for monitoring the supply current of bus devices of an automation bus system. The object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for electronic monitoring of the supply current of modules connected to a bus, which on the one hand, if required, carries out reliable isolation from the supply voltage, and simultaneously maintains the diagnostics capability for the purpose of fault locating. The invention achieves this by virtue of the fact that the apparatus has at least one device for detecting and at least one device for limiting and/or disconnecting the supply current.

Abstract: A of continuous treatment of a textile product web with steam is performed by applying a reactive dye on moist product web of natural fibers; bringing the moist product web with the reactive dye in contact with steam; using the steam in form of hot steam which is overheated water steam, with a temperature of 130-230° C.; transporting the product web during a steam treatment at least partially horizontally through at least one treatment chamber; and blowing the hot steam into the at least one treatment chamber onto the product web by nozzle boxes arranged above and below of the product web. The device is also provided for performing the method.

Abstract: The continuous treatment of a textile product web with steam includes subjecting a moist product web with the reactive dye applied on it to a steam treatment by bringing the moist product web with the reactive dye on it in contact with overheated water steam having a temperature of 130-230° C. for a steam treatment time of preferably 5 to 60 seconds; transporting the moist product web during the steam treatment at least partially horizontally through at least one treatment chamber; and blowing the hot steam into the at least one treatment chamber onto the moist product web by nozzle boxes arranged above and below the product web. The device for performing this method is also described.

Abstract: A switch cupboard (1) comprises a case (2), several modules (30 and a supporting rail (4), the modules (3) being secured on the supporting rail (4). The disclosed switch cupboard (1) is characterized in that it is designed in functional blocks and modules, so that all modules (3) required by a machine and only those modules are mounted in the switch cupboard case (2).

Abstract: The invention concerns a control and data transmission installation and a process for the transmission of safety-related data in a control and data transmission installation.

Abstract: A control and data transmission installation and a process for transmission of safety-related data in a control and data transmission installation. In accordance with the invention, safety procedures of existing field bus systems, particularly the interbus, are improved in such a way that there is no need either for additional lines for the transmission of control signals or redundant, safety-related units. In the inventive control and data installation, a master control device and a number of bus subscribers each include respective safety-related devices for carrying out predetermined safety functions. The safety-related devices can communicate with each other by way of a field bus.