Abstract: Methods are provided for processing a powdery material with an electron beam system for additive manufacturing of components, which solve the problem of electrostatic powder expulsion and significantly reduce process times. This effect is achieved by using acceleration voltages of 90 kV or greater in the preheating step and/or in the melting step.

Abstract: A method of processing a powdery material for additively manufacturing a workpiece (22) comprises the steps of: (a) providing a device (15) for receiving a powder bed (20) of the powdery material to be machined and a beam generator (12) adapted to direct an energy beam (13) to laterally different locations of the powder bed (20); b) applying the powdery material in layers to the powder bed (20); c) irradiating an area (30; 30a; 30b; 30c) in the powder bed (20) with the energy beam (13), wherein the area (30; 30a; 30b; 30c) is composed of a plurality n of points P1 . . . Pn arranged in two dimensions, which are irradiated one after the other. In order to improve the scanning strategy during step c), it is provided that at least once during the irradiation of the area two successively irradiated points Pi, Pi+1 are spaced apart from each other in such a way that in each of the two dimensions at least one other point P1 . . . Pi?1, Pi+2 . . .

Abstract: A method of additively manufacturing a workpiece (22) from a powder material, comprises the steps of: (a) providing a device (15, 17) for receiving a powder bed (20) of the powdery material, in particular in a vacuum process chamber (11), and a beam generator (12) adapted to direct an energy beam (13) to laterally different locations of the powder bed (20); b) layer-by-layer application of the powdery material to the powder bed (20); c) creating the workpiece (22) in the powder bed (20) layer by layer by selectively bonding the powdery material to the energy beam (13); d) during the production of the workpiece (22), in addition to the workpiece (22), a cooling structure (30) is produced in the powder bed (20) by selective bonding of the powdery material to the energy beam (13), the cooling structure (30) being adapted to dissipate heat.

Abstract: To measure the intensity profile of an electron beam the electron beam is conducted on to a measuring structure having areas with different back-scattering properties, and back-scattered electrons which are produced by scanning of the measuring structure by the electron beam by means of a deflector unit are measured by a sensor ring. The measuring structure can preferably be installed into and removed from an electron-beam welder and consists of a graphite slab from which a tungsten needle projects perpendicularly.