Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and systems for fluid characterization of fluid samples from a downhole fluid sampling tool. A fluid characterization method may include obtaining a fluid sample of a reservoir fluid; analyzing the fluid sample to derive input parameters, wherein the input parameters comprise fluid properties obtained from measurement of the fluid sample; determining component mole fractions of the fluid sample using a mole fraction distribution function; and determining calculated fluid properties using equation of state flash calculating.

Abstract: In general, a system is described that includes two computing devices, a first which is configured to operate using a first wireless protocol and a second which is configured to operate using a second wireless protocol different than the first wireless protocol. The first computing device may determine a symbol to be sent to the second computing device. For each bit included in a payload of a data packet, the first computing device may set a value of the respective bit such that the symbol, when the data packet is translated into at least one signal using the first wireless protocol, is readable using the second wireless protocol. The first computing device generates the signal using the first wireless protocol, and outputs, via the first wireless protocol, the at least one signal. The second computing device may receive the at least one signal and demodulate the payload.

Abstract: Techniques of this disclosure include modulating messages by shifting the timing of periodic beacon frames already mandatory for certain wireless protocols without incurring extra traffic. Such a band-free design allows continuous broadcast from a first computing device to reach a second computing device operating on a different wireless protocol than the first wireless protocol. Further techniques of this disclosure enable concurrent broadcasts from multiple computing devices or boost the transmission rate of a computing device.

Abstract: A method includes obtaining a plurality of master sensor responses with a master sensor in a set of training fluids and obtaining node sensor responses in the set of training fluids. A linear correlation between a compensated master data set and a node data set is then found for a set of training fluids and generating node sensor responses in a tool parameter space from the compensated master data set on a set of application fluids. A reverse transformation is obtained based on the node sensor responses in a complete set of calibration fluids. The reverse transformation converts each node sensor response from a tool parameter space to the synthetic parameter space, and uses transformed data as inputs of various fluid predictive models to obtain fluid characteristics. The method includes modifying operation parameters of a drilling or a well testing and sampling system according to the fluid characteristics.

Abstract: A LED leadframe and a LED packaging structure adopting the same are provided. The LED leadframe includes an insulating substrate, a first electrode pad and a second electrode pad. The insulating substrate is formed with a bowl-shaped die bonding region and a strip-like insulating portion in the bowl-shaped die bonding region. The first and second electrode pads are fixed on the insulating substrate and disposed on a bottom of the die bonding region and whereby are separated by the strip-like insulating portion. The strip-like insulating portion has at least one bend. The structural design of the electrode pads of the LED leadframe makes a size of one of the electrode pads such as the positive electrode pad be available for a bonding machine to perform wire bonding or for placing a Zener diode chip and meanwhile makes the other electrode pad be as large as possible.

Abstract: A method of accessing a trusted platform module in a computing device is disclosed. The method includes storing a platform authorization key in a memory of the computing device that includes the trusted platform module. The platform authorization key includes permitting access to the trusted platform module. The method includes obtaining a digital signature in response to the computing device requesting access to the trusted platform module. The digital signature is generated using at least a command for configuring the trusted platform module. The method includes verifying the digital signature and allowing retrieval of the platform authorization key from the memory of the computing device in order to access the trusted platform module in response to the digital signature is verified, and denying retrieval of the platform authorization key otherwise.

Abstract: Disclosed is the detection of emulsions and microdispersions with an optical computing device. One disclosed method includes emitting electromagnetic radiation from an electromagnetic radiation source, optically interacting the electromagnetic radiation with a fluid and thereby generating fluid interacted radiation, detecting a portion of the fluid interacted radiation with a reference detector arranged within an optical channel of an optical computing device, generating a reference signal with the reference detector, and determining an emulsive state of the fluid based on the reference signal.

Abstract: A method of cross-tool optical fluid model validation includes selecting verified field data measured with a first sensor of an existing tool as validation fluids and selecting a second sensor for a new tool or on a different existing tool. The method may also include applying cross-tool optical data transformation to the validation fluids in a tool parameter space from the first sensor to the second sensor, and calculating the synthetic optical responses of the second sensor on the validation fluids through cross-space data transformation. The method may further include determining a new or adjusting an existing operational fluid model of the second sensor in a synthetic parameter space according to the candidate model performance evaluated on the validation fluids, and optimizing well testing and sampling operation based on real-time estimated formation fluid characteristics using the validated fluid models of the second sensor in an operating tool.

Abstract: A downhole formation fluid identification sensing module for measuring averaged gas molecular weight of wellbore formation fluid acquires simultaneous temperature, pressure, and density measurements. The sensing module includes two venturi-type gas sensors that both contain vibrating tubes. During operation, formation fluid flows through the vibrating tubes whereby resonant frequency measurements are acquired simultaneously with temperature and pressure measurements. Each measurement is then utilized to determine the gas molecular weight of the dry, wet or saturated formation fluid.

Abstract: A method includes obtaining a plurality of master sensor responses with a master sensor in a set of training fluids and obtaining node sensor responses in the set of training fluids. A linear correlation between a compensated master data set and a node data set is then found for a set of training fluids and generating node sensor responses in a tool parameter space from the compensated master data set on a set of application fluids. A reverse transformation is obtained based on the node sensor responses in a complete set of calibration fluids. The reverse transformation converts each node sensor response from a tool parameter space to the synthetic parameter space, and uses transformed data as inputs of various fluid predictive models to obtain fluid characteristics. The method includes modifying operation parameters of a drilling or a well testing and sampling system according to the fluid characteristics.

Abstract: Techniques of this disclosure include modulating messages by shifting the timing of periodic beacon frames already mandatory for certain wireless protocols without incurring extra traffic. Such a band-free design allows continuous broadcast from a first computing device to reach a second computing device operating on a different wireless protocol than the first wireless protocol. Further techniques of this disclosure enable concurrent broadcasts from multiple computing devices or boost the transmission rate of a computing device.

Abstract: Disclosed is the detection of emulsions and microdispersions with an optical computing device. One disclosed method includes emitting electromagnetic radiation from an electromagnetic radiation source, optically interacting the electromagnetic radiation with a fluid and thereby generating fluid interacted radiation, detecting a portion of the fluid interacted radiation with a reference detector arranged within an optical channel of an optical computing device, generating a reference signal with the reference detector, and determining an emulsive state of the fluid based on the reference signal.

Abstract: A cigarette case includes a cigarette casing including a corner outlet; a double-layer hinged cover including a first slit proximate the outlet and a second slit proximate the adjacent other corner; and a spring biased ejection means within the cover and including a pivotal L-shaped ejector, a pivotal trigger, a pivot bar, a link moveable in the first slit and including an end pusher extending through the first slit, the link having the other end pivotably secured to one portion of the ejector, and a sliding member moveable in the second slit and pivotably secured to the other end of the pivot bar, the sliding member including a door extending through the second slit to block the outlet when the case is closed. Pivoting the trigger will pivot the pivot bar to move the sliding member and the link to cause the pusher to eject a cigarette from the outlet.

Abstract: A cigarette package includes a hinged cover including two opposite projections on front and rear walls respectively, a fixed inner casing including an oblique opening facing the hinge, a first shoulder at a lower edge of each of front and rear walls thereof, and two opposite cavities on the front and rear walls thereof respectively, a sliding cigarette insert block in the casing and including a hook extending from an underside, and a pivot mechanism secured to the cover and including a bottom plate connected to the hinge and extending into a space defined by the hook and the cigarette insert block, and a second shoulder at a top edge of each of front and rear walls thereof. Pivoting the cover to disengage the projections with the cavities will pivot the bottom plate to move the cigarette insert block upward until tabs of the second shoulders contact the first shoulders.

Abstract: A cigarette package includes a hinged cover including two opposite projections on front and rear walls respectively, a fixed inner casing including an oblique opening facing the hinge, a first shoulder at a lower edge of each of front and rear walls thereof, and two opposite cavities on the front and rear walls thereof respectively, a sliding cigarette insert block in the casing and including a hook extending from an underside, and a pivot mechanism secured to the cover and including a bottom plate connected to the hinge and extending into a space defined by the hook and the cigarette insert block, and a second shoulder at a top edge of each of front and rear walls thereof. Pivoting the cover to disengage the projections with the cavities will pivot the bottom plate to move the cigarette insert block upward until tabs of the second shoulders contact the first shoulders.

Abstract: A cigarette case includes a cigarette casing including a corner outlet; a double-layer hinged cover including a first slit proximate the outlet and a second slit proximate the adjacent other corner; and a spring biased ejection means within the cover and including a pivotal L-shaped ejector, a pivotal trigger, a pivot bar, a link moveable in the first slit and including an end pusher extending through the first slit, the link having the other end pivotably secured to one portion of the ejector, and a sliding member moveable in the second slit and pivotably secured to the other end of the pivot bar, the sliding member including a door extending through the second slit to block the outlet when the case is closed. Pivoting the trigger will pivot the pivot bar to move the sliding member and the link to cause the pusher to eject a cigarette from the outlet.

Abstract: Devices and methods for improved inspections of conducting structures of different shapes. An eddy-current probe includes an excitation coil unit, a magnetic detector within the probe, a signal-conditioning/preamplifier circuit within the probe, and a signal channel. The excitation coil unit is shielded on substantially all sides except an emission face that transmits an alternating magnetic signal to a conducting (e.g., metal) object, such that the metal object modifies the alternating magnetic signal. The magnetic detector within the probe is also shielded on substantially all sides except a reception face, such that the alternating magnetic signal as modified by the metal object is received into the shielded magnetic detector and converted into a first electrical signal. The signal-conditioning/preamplifier circuit within the probe is shielded on substantially all sides and provided with electrical power.