Abstract: A formaldehyde electrochemical sensor employing a formaldehyde sensitive assembly of formaldehyde dehydrogenase attached to graphene in fluid communication with a source of NAD+, and a method of measuring formaldehyde utilizing the sensor.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing a flexible force sensor include forming a first sensor part providing a plurality of spaced first electrode plates in an electrically non-conductive material. A second sensor part is also formed and includes a plurality of second electrode plates in an electrically non-conductive material. The second electrode plates are identical to the first electrode plates at least in terms of spacing. The first part is assembled to the second part such that each of the first electrode plates are aligned with and parallel to, yet spaced from, respective ones of the second electrode plates, establishing a plurality of capacitive sensing components. The first electrode plates are movable relative to the corresponding second electrode plates, establishing a variable gap therebetween. The sensor parts can be ring-shaped. The sensor parts can be formed via MEMS techniques, with the non-conductive material being a polymer.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing a flexible force sensor include forming a first sensor part providing a plurality of spaced first electrode plates in an electrically non-conductive material. A second sensor part is also formed and includes a plurality of second electrode plates in an electrically non-conductive material. The second electrode plates are identical to the first electrode plates at least in terms of spacing. The first part is assembled to the second part such that each of the first electrode plates are aligned with and parallel to, yet spaced from, respective ones of the second electrode plates, establishing a plurality of capacitive sensing components. The first electrode plates are movable relative to the corresponding second electrode plates, establishing a variable gap therebetween. The sensor parts can be ring-shaped. The sensor parts can be formed via MEMS techniques, with the non-conductive material being a polymer.

Abstract: A formaldehyde electrochemical sensor employing a formaldehyde sensitive assembly of formaldehyde dehydrogenase attached to graphene in fluid communication with a source of NAD+, and a method of measuring formaldehyde utilizing the sensor.

Abstract: A method is provided for heat transfer from a surface to a fluid. The method includes directing a first fluid flow towards the surface in a first direction and directing a second fluid flow towards the surface in a second direction. The first and second fluid flows cooperate to cool the surface.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing a flexible force sensor include forming a first sensor part providing a plurality of spaced first electrode plates in an electrically non-conductive material. A second sensor part is also formed and includes a plurality of second electrode plates in an electrically non-conductive material. The second electrode plates are identical to the first electrode plates at least in terms of spacing. The first part is assembled to the second part such that each of the first electrode plates are aligned with and parallel to, yet spaced from, respective ones of the second electrode plates, establishing a plurality of capacitive sensing components. The first electrode plates are movable relative to the corresponding second electrode plates, establishing a variable gap therebetween. The sensor parts can be ring-shaped. The sensor parts can be formed via MEMS techniques, with the non-conductive material being a polymer.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing a flexible force sensor include forming a first sensor part providing a plurality of spaced first electrode plates in an electrically non-conductive material. A second sensor part is also formed and includes a plurality of second electrode plates in an electrically non-conductive material. The second electrode plates are identical to the first electrode plates at least in terms of spacing. The first part is assembled to the second part such that each of the first electrode plates are aligned with and parallel to, yet spaced from, respective ones of the second electrode plates, establishing a plurality of capacitive sensing components. The first electrode plates are movable relative to the corresponding second electrode plates, establishing a variable gap therebetween. The sensor parts can be ring-shaped. The sensor parts can be formed via MEMS techniques, with the non-conductive material being a polymer.

Abstract: A method is provided for heat transfer from a surface to a fluid. The method includes directing a first fluid flow towards the surface in a first direction and directing a second fluid flow towards the surface in a second direction. The first and second fluid flows cooperate to cool the surface.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing a flexible force sensor include forming a first sensor part providing a plurality of spaced first electrode plates in an electrically non-conductive material. A second sensor part is also formed and includes a plurality of second electrode plates in an electrically non-conductive material. The second electrode plates are identical to the first electrode plates at least in terms of spacing. The first part is assembled to the second part such that each of the first electrode plates are aligned with and parallel to, yet spaced from, respective ones of the second electrode plates, establishing a plurality of capacitive sensing components. The first electrode plates are movable relative to the corresponding second electrode plates, establishing a variable gap therebetween. The sensor parts can be ring-shaped. The sensor parts can be formed via MEMS techniques, with the non-conductive material being a polymer.

Abstract: A thin film acoustic transducer is formed with an electrically actuatable substantially transparent thin film. Substantially transparent conductive thin films are supported on both sides of the electrically actuatable substantially transparent thin film. The thin film transducer may be used to sense sound, or produce sound in various embodiments. In further embodiments, the film may be attached to a window, and operate as a speaker for an audio system, or may provide noise cancellation functions. In further embodiments, the film may be attached to a computer monitor, touch panel, poster, or other surface, and operate as a speaker. A method of forming carbon nanotube thin films uses a layer by layer assembly technique and a positively charged hydrophilic layer on a thin film substrate.

Abstract: A thin film acoustic transducer is formed with an electrically actuatable substantially transparent thin film. Substantially transparent conductive thin films are supported on both sides of the electrically actuatable substantially transparent thin film. The thin film transducer may be used to sense sound, or produce sound in various embodiments. In further embodiments, the film may be attached to a window, and operate as a speaker for an audio system, or may provide noise cancellation functions. In further embodiments, the film may be attached to a computer monitor, touch panel, poster, or other surface, and operate as a speaker. A method of forming carbon nanotube thin films uses a layer by layer assembly technique and a positively charged hydrophilic layer on a thin film substrate.

Abstract: A process for fabricating a polymer based circuit by the following steps. A mold of a design is formed through a lithography process. The design is transferred to a polymer substrate through a hot embossing process. A metal layer is then deposited over at least part of said design and at least one electrical lead is connected to said metal layer.

Abstract: A method of patterning self-assembled thin films, including forming a photoresist layer on a substrate and then patterning and etching the photoresist layer. In combination with the etched photoresist layer, a self-assembled layer is formed on the substrate using LbL self-assembly.