Abstract: This invention generally relates to mechanical-chemical energy storage. In particular, the invention relates to a mechanical-chemical energy storage system that stores energy by simultaneously compressing a gas to a higher enthalpy state and recovering the heat of compression by driving a somewhat reversible chemical reaction. The heat energy in the chemical reaction is then recovered while the gas is expanding to a lower enthalpy state.

Abstract: This invention generally relates to mechanical-chemical energy storage. In particular, the invention relates to a mechanical-chemical energy storage system that stores energy by simultaneously compressing a gas to a higher enthalpy state and recovering the heat of compression by driving a somewhat reversible chemical reaction. The heat energy in the chemical reaction is then recovered while the gas is expanding to a lower enthalpy state.

Abstract: This invention generally relates to mechanical-chemical energy storage. In particular, the invention relates to a mechanical-chemical energy storage system that stores energy by simultaneously compressing a gas to a higher enthalpy state and recovering the heat of compression by driving a somewhat reversible chemical reaction. The heat energy in the chemical reaction is then recovered while the gas is expanding to a lower enthalpy state.

Abstract: This invention generally relates to mechanical-chemical energy storage. In particular, the invention relates to a mechanical-chemical energy storage system that stores energy by simultaneously compressing a gas to a higher enthalpy state and recovering the heat of compression by driving a somewhat reversible chemical reaction. The heat energy in the chemical reaction is then recovered while the gas is expanding to a lower enthalpy state.

Abstract: This invention generally relates to mechanical-chemical energy storage. In particular, the invention relates to a mechanical-chemical energy storage system that stores energy by simultaneously compressing a gas to a higher enthalpy state and recovering the heat of compression by driving a somewhat reversible chemical reaction. The heat energy in the chemical reaction is then recovered while the gas is expanding to a lower enthalpy state.

Abstract: This invention generally relates to mechanical-chemical energy storage. In particular, the invention relates to a mechanical-chemical energy storage system that stores energy by simultaneously compressing a gas to a higher enthalpy state and recovering the heat of compression by driving a somewhat reversible chemical reaction. The heat energy in the chemical reaction is then recovered while the gas is expanding to a lower enthalpy state.

Abstract: This invention relates to a metal body having at least one vapor-deposited treatment layer overlying and adhered to at least one side of the metal body, and a layer of adhesion-promoting material overlying and adhered to at least one treatment layer, provided that when two treatment layers are deposited on one side of the body and the first layer is vapor-deposited zinc, the second layer is not vapor-deposited silica or alumina, said adhesion-promoting material being suitable for enhancing adhesion between said body and another substrate. The invention also relates to laminates comprising metal foils and at least one vapor-deposited treatment layer overlying and adhered to at least one side of the metal foil; a layer of adhesion-promoting material overlying and adhered to at least one vapor-deposited treatment layer; and a layer of an electrically non-conductive material overlying and adhered to the adhesion-promoting layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a safety feature for batteries comprising an integrated series of lithium-ion bi-cells. Each individual bi-cell comprises, sequentially, an anode, a film separator, a cathode, a film separator, and an anode. When multiple bi-cells are joined within a single package an insulator element, preferably an electrolyte permeable insulator element, is placed between anode elements of adjoining bi-cells. This insulator element appears to restrict internal shorting during crushing of the battery, thus avoiding undesirable effects of shorting such as thermal run-away and producing a safer battery.

Abstract: The present invention provides a limited rechargeable lithium battery containing an anode; a cathode slurry containing about 55 to about 75% by weight of a transition metal oxide, about 3 to about 8% by weight of a conductor, and about 20 to about 40% by weight of an organic electrolyte containing an electrolyte salt and an organic solvent; a separator between the anode and the cathode slurry; and at least two current collectors. The present invention also provides a method of making a cathode slurry.

Abstract: A metal body having at least one vapor-deposited treatment layer overlying and adhered to at least one side of the metal body, and a layer of adhesion-promoting material overlying and adhered to at least one treatment layer, provided that when two treatment layers are deposited on one side of the body and the first layer is vapor-deposited zinc, the second layer is not vapor-deposited silica or alumina, the adhesion-promoting material being suitable for enhancing adhesion between the body and a substrate. Laminates comprising metal foils and at least one vapor-deposited treatment layer overlying and adhered to at least one side of the metal foil; a layer of adhesion-promoting material overlying and adhered to at least one vapor-deposited treatment layer; and a layer of an electrically non-conductive material overlying and adhered to the adhesion-promoting layer.

Abstract: A nonaqueous cell comprising a metal anode, a cathode-electrolyte comprising a solute dissolved in a liquid active cathode, such as an oxyhalide, and a carbonaceous cathode collector containing a metal oxide catalyst.

Abstract: A nonaqueous cell comprising a liquid cathode-electrolyte an active metal anode, such as lithium, a cathode collector, such as carbon, and a separator disposed between said anode and said cathode collector and wherein the surface of the separator facing the anode is coated with a vinyl polymer film.

Abstract: A nonaqueous cell utilizing an active metal anode, such as lithium, a cathode collector and an ionically conductive cathode-electrolyte comprising a solute dissolved in a liquid cathode, such as an oxyhalide, and wherein a vinyl polymer is dissolved in the cathode-electrolyte.

Abstract: A non-aqueous cell comprising an active metal anode, such as lithium, a liquid cathode-electrolyte comprising a solute dissolved in a solvent which is an oxyhalide of an element of Group V or Group VI of the Periodic Table and wherein elemental sulfur or a sulfur compound is incorporated into the cathode-electrolyte so as to substantially eliminate initial voltage delay of the cell during discharge.

Abstract: A nonaqueous cell comprising an active metal anode, such as a lithium, sodium, potassium or aluminum anode, a liquid cathode-electrolyte comprising a solute dissolved in a solvent which is an oxyhalide of an element of Group V or group VI of the Periodic Table and wherein the surface of the anode contacting the cathode-electrolyte is coated with a vinyl polymer film.