Abstract: Provided is a method for detecting analyte in a sample, which method comprises: (a) contacting the sample with a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probe; (b) performing an electrochemical impedance spectrometry (EIS) measurement on the sample; (c) determining the presence, absence, quantity and/or identity of the analyte from the EIS measurement; wherein the analyte comprises nucleic acid; and wherein the quantity of analyte in the sample when the sample is taken is substantially the same as the quantity of analyte in the sample when the sample is subjected to the EIS measurement.

Abstract: Denaturation and hybridisation of double-stranded DNA is a crucial reaction in many biological processes, such as DNA replication. DNA denaturation and hybridisation can be controlled by e.g. temperature, altering the pH and ionic strength and different chemical agents. This reversible reaction also plays a role in many diagnostic-based methods and applications such as any nucleic acid amplification method. The present invention provides alternate means to control denaturation and hybridisation of nucleic acids comprising contacting a nucleic acid molecule with a compound capable of interacting with a nucleic acid molecule and altering the state or a property of the compound to achieve denaturation or hybridisation of the nucleic acid molecule.

Abstract: Provided is a method for detecting analyte in a sample, which method comprises: (a) contacting the sample with a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probe; (b) performing an electrochemical impedance spectrometry (EIS) measurement on the sample; (c) determining the presence, absence, quantity and/or identity of the analyte from the EIS measurement; wherein the analyte comprises nucleic acid; and wherein the quantity of analyte in the sample when the sample is taken is substantially the same as the quantity of analyte in the sample when the sample is subjected to the EIS measurement.

Abstract: Provided is a method for processing a sample, which method comprises: a) contacting a binding phase, which binding phase is capable of binding an analyte, with the sample in the presence of a medium; b) applying across the medium a first alternating field composed of a plurality of pulses and having a first frequency, a first pulse duration and a first pulse rise time; c) optionally applying across the medium a second alternating field; and d) thereby influencing the sample and/or the binding phase in the medium.

Abstract: Provided is a method for detecting an analyte, which method comprises: a) applying an alternating voltage to the analyte, wherein the alternating voltage comprises a plurality of superimposed frequencies sufficient to distinguish the presence of the analyte by electrochemical impedance spectrometry (EIS); and b) determining the identity and/or quantity of the analyte from EIS data.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved method for determining nucleotide sequences or nucleotide sequences on biochips/micro-assays, for example, using p53 mediated hybridization. The present invention relates particularly to the use of p53 polypeptides in determining changes in nucleotide sequences.

Abstract: Provided is a device for assaying one or more analytes, said device comprising an electrode, a means for optical detection; and a means for electrochemical detection, wherein the device is configured such that the electrode is capable of promoting transport of an analyte when a field is applied to the analyte via the electrode, and wherein the means for electrochemical detection employs the electrode and the means for optical detection employs the electrode, and wherein the device is configured to carry out dielectrophoresis. Further provided is the use of the device of the present invention for promoting transport of an analyte, detecting the optical properties of the analyte and detecting the electrochemical properties of the analyte.

Abstract: Provided is a method of attaching a substance to a surface, which method comprises contacting a surface comprising amine reactive groups with a substance labelled with a peptide tag such that the substance is covalently attached to the surface via the peptide tag, wherein the peptide tag comprises one or more histidine residues, one of which is a terminal histidine residue having a free N-terminal amino group. Also provided is a method of processing or analysis which comprises a method of attaching a substance to a surface as detailed above and comprises one or more further steps of processing or analysing the substance.

Abstract: Provided is a method for processing a sample, which method comprises: a) contacting a binding phase, which binding phase is capable of binding an analyte, with the sample in the presence of a medium; b) applying across the medium a first alternating field composed of a plurality of pulses and having a first frequency, a first pulse duration and a first pulse rise time; c) optionally applying across the medium a second alternating field; and d) thereby influencing the sample and/or the binding phase in the medium.

Abstract: Provided is a method for detecting an analyte, wherein the analyte is labelled with one or more labels relatable to the analyte, which method comprises: a) performing an optical detection method on the labelled analyte to obtain optical data from the one or more labels; b) performing an electrical detection method on the labelled analyte to obtain electrical data from the one or more labels; and c) determining the identity and/or quantity of the analyte from both the optical and electrical data.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a method for determining point mutations on micro-arrays/biochips using a nuclease capable to selectively digest hybridized DNA strands into two DNA fragments, said hybridized DNA strands containing a nucleotide mismatch or nucleotide deletion. The occurrence and/or location of such DNA fragments are indicative for a point mutation.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a method for detecting quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli strains in a biological sample. The present invention also relates to a kit adapted to perform the inventive method.

Abstract: A process for preparing a hydroxylation catalyst by i) embedding a cystochrome P450 monooxygenase in a sol-gel matrix, ii) embedding an enzymatic NADPH-regenerating system in a sol-gel matrix, and combining the two components i) and ii) unless they were already mixed together before the embedding.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for genotyping SHV beta lactamase and a method for determining antibiotic resistance conferred by a SHV-type Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase of a bacterium. Moreover, the present invention pertains to an oligonucleotide array and a kit for a genotyping based detection of SHV beta lactamases, as well as to a method for designing improved oligonucleotide capture probes.

Abstract: The present invention relates in general to the detection of antibiotic resistance determinants in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). The present invention discloses a micro-array for the detection of antibiotic resistance determinants and mutations in said organism, a method for the detection of said determinants and a kit. This micro-array concept offers the rapid sensitive and specific identification of antibiotic resistance profiles.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for detecting a micro-organism in a biological sample and simultaneously determining its resistance to antibiotics. The methods utilize micro-arrays to evaluate microbrial genes often associated with antibiotic resistance.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a method for detecting quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli strains in a biological sample. The present invention also relates to a kit adapted to perform the inventive method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved method for determining nucleotide sequences or nucleotide sequences on biochips/micro-assays, for example, using p53 mediated hybridization. The present invention relates particularly to the use of p53 polypeptides in determining changes in nucleotide sequences.