Abstract: A device for determining, in at least three spatial directions, a force acting on a body includes at least one sensor element for attaching to the surface of the body, which element includes at least three individual sensor elements, each individual sensor element being designed to determine an individual force in one direction, or which includes at least one individual sensor element which is used to determine an individual force in three spatial directions, and an evaluation/control unit which records the individual force determined by each individual sensor element and is designed to calculate the force acting on the sensor element in at least three spatial directions by projecting the individual forces onto a virtual point of the sensor element. A method for determining a force acting on a body in at least three spatial directions and a method for controlling the movement of a body is disclosed.

Abstract: A device for measuring a change in length has a first fastening element, a second fastening element and at least one length element which is arranged between the two fastening elements. The one length element has a first end a second end and a length along a longitudinal direction. A force acting parallel to the longitudinal direction leads to a change in length of the length element. A lever element has a first end, a second end, and a fulcrum and is arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction.