Abstract: A light emitting device includes a first light emitting diode (LED). The first LED includes a first metallic layer. The first LED additionally includes a first-doped semiconductor layer over the first metallic layer. Additionally, the first LED includes a multi quantum well (MQW) semiconductor layer over the first-doped semiconductor layer. Moreover, the first LED includes a second-doped semiconductor layer over the MQW semiconductor layer. Next, the first LED includes a second metallic layer over the second-doped semiconductor layer. The light emitting device also includes a second LED over the first LED. Further, the light emitting device includes a third LED over the second LED.

Abstract: A method of determining a property of a system, the system including at least one molecule in a solvent, comprises: generating a quantum model of the system, the quantum model including a device region and a lead region, the device region being spherical, paraboloid, cubic or arbitrary in shape and encompassing the at least one molecule and a portion of the solvent of the system, the lead region encompassing a region of the solvent surrounding the device region, determining a first property of the device region by solving a first quantum equation for the device region, determining the first property of the lead region by solving the first quantum equation under open boundary conditions for the lead region, and combining the first property of the device region with the first property of the lead region to arrive at a total first property for the system.

Abstract: A method of determining a property of a liquid system, the liquid system including at least one molecule in a solvent, comprises: generating a quantum model of the liquid system, the quantum model including a device region and a lead region, the device region being spherical, paraboloid, cubic or arbitrary in shape and encompassing the at least one molecule and a portion of the solvent of the liquid system, the lead region encompassing a region of the solvent surrounding the device region, determining a first property of the device region by solving a first quantum equation for the device region, determining the first property of the lead region by solving the first quantum equation under open boundary conditions for the lead region, and combining the first property of the device region with the first property of the lead region to arrive at a total first property for the liquid system.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a first light emitting diode (LED). The first LED includes a first metallic layer. The first LED additionally includes a p-doped semiconductor layer over the first metallic layer. Additionally, the first LED includes a multi quantum well (MQW) semiconductor layer over the p-doped semiconductor layer. Moreover, the first LED includes an n-doped semiconductor layer over the MQW semiconductor layer. Next, the first LED includes a second metallic layer over the n-doped semiconductor layer. The light emitting device also includes a second LED over the first LED. Further, the light emitting device includes a third LED over the second LED.

Abstract: A method of determining at least one property of a liquid system using a modeling system, the liquid system including at least one molecule in a solvent, the modeling system including a processor, comprises generating a quantum model of the liquid system using the processor of the modeling system, the quantum model including a device region and a lead region, the device region being spherical, paraboloid, cubic or arbitrary in shape and encompassing the at least one molecule and a portion of the solvent of the liquid system, the lead region encompassing a region of the solvent surrounding the device region, determining a first property of the device region by solving a first quantum equation for the device region using the processor of the system, determining the first property of the lead region by solving the first quantum equation under open boundary conditions for the lead region using the processor of the system, and combining the first property of the device region with the first property of the lead re

Abstract: A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium is disclosed, which stores a program for modeling a many particle system. When executed on a processing system, the program causes the processing system to (1) determine a compensation function that, when applied to a plurality of interaction equations, compensates for errors introduced by an approximation included in at least one of the plurality of interaction equations, (2) determine an uncompensated solution of the many particle system by solving the many particle system without the plurality of interaction equations, (3) calculate a plurality of observables in the many particle system by solving the many particle system with the plurality of interaction equations by a first iteration, and (4) model the many particle system based on the plurality of observables.

Abstract: The disclosure develops a multi-scale model that partitions the device into different spatial regions where the high carrier domains are treated as reservoirs in local equilibrium and serve as injectors and receptors of carriers into the neighboring reservoirs through tunneling and thermionic emission. The nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) formalism is used to compute the dynamics (states) and the kinetics (filling of states) in the entire extended complex device. The local density of states in the whole device is computed quantum mechanically within a multi-band tight binding Hamiltonian. The model results agree with experimental I-V curves quantitatively.

Abstract: The disclosure develops a multi-scale model that partitions the device into different spatial regions where the high carrier domains are treated as reservoirs in local equilibrium and serve as injectors and receptors of carriers into the neighboring reservoirs through tunneling and thermionic emission. The nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) formalism is used to compute the dynamics (states) and the kinetics (filling of states) in the entire extended complex device. The local density of states in the whole device is computed quantum mechanically within a multi-band tight binding Hamiltonian. The model results agree with experimental I-V curves quantitatively.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a first light emitting diode (LED). The first LED includes a first metallic layer. The first LED additionally includes a p-doped semiconductor layer over the first metallic layer. Additionally, the first LED includes a multi quantum well (MQW) semiconductor layer over the p-doped semiconductor layer. Moreover, the first LED includes an n-doped semiconductor layer over the MQW semiconductor layer. Next, the first LED includes a second metallic layer over the n-doped semiconductor layer. The light emitting device also includes a second LED over the first LED. Further, the light emitting device includes a third LED over the second LED.

Abstract: A non-transitory machine readable storage medium having a machine readable program stored therein, wherein the machine readable program, when executed on a processing system, causes the processing system to perform a method of modeling a many particle system, wherein the method includes determining a compensation function, wherein the compensation function compensates errors introduced by an approximation of at least one of a plurality of interaction equations applied on the plurality of interaction equations, wherein the plurality of interaction equations includes the approximation. The method additionally includes solving at least a system of the many particle system without the plurality of interaction equations to extract an uncompensated solution of the many particle system.

Abstract: A method of determining at least one property of a liquid system using a modeling system, the liquid system including at least one molecule in a solvent, the modeling system including a processor, comprises generating a quantum model of the liquid system using the processor of the modeling system, the quantum model including a device region and a lead region, the device region being spherical, paraboloid, cubic or arbitrary in shape and encompassing the at least one molecule and a portion of the solvent of the liquid system, the lead region encompassing a region of the solvent surrounding the device region, determining a first property of the device region by solving a first quantum equation for the device region using the processor of the system, determining the first property of the lead region by solving the first quantum equation under open boundary conditions for the lead region using the processor of the system, and combining the first property of the device region with the first property of the lead re

Abstract: The disclosure develops a multi-scale model that partitions the device into different spatial regions where the high carrier domains are treated as reservoirs in local equilibrium and serve as injectors and receptors of carriers into the neighboring reservoirs through tunneling and thermionic emission. The nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) formalism is used to compute the dynamics (states) and the kinetics (filling of states) in the entire extended complex device. The local density of states in the whole device is computed quantum mechanically within a multi-band tight binding Hamiltonian. The model results agree with experimental I-V curves quantitatively.