Abstract: Global transcriptional profiling of CTLs in tumors and adjacent non-tumor tissue from treatment-naïve patients with early stage lung cancer revealed molecular features associated with robustness of anti-tumor immune responses. Major differences in the transcriptional program of tumor-infiltrating CTLs were observed that are shared across tumor subtypes. Pathway analysis revealed enrichment of genes in cell cycle, T cell receptor (TCR) activation and co-stimulation pathways, indicating tumor-driven expansion of presumed tumor antigen-specific CTLs. Marked heterogeneity in the expression of molecules associated with TCR activation and immune checkpoints such as 4-1BB, PD1, TIM3, was also observed and their expression was positively correlated with the density of tumor-infiltrating CTLs.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods of treating cancer or eliciting an anti-tumor response in a subject by administering an effective amount of a population of T-cells that exhibits higher or lower than baseline expression of one or more genes. In other aspects, methods are provided to diagnose cancer and determine prognosis of cancer patients. Also provided are methods to identify the antigens or antigen receptors associated with the isolated and/or purified cell populations that elicit a more positive prognosis.

Abstract: Global transcriptional profiling of CTLs in tumors and adjacent non-tumor tissue from treatment-naive patients with early stage lung cancer revealed molecular features associated with robustness of anti-tumor immune responses. Major differences in the transcriptional program of tumor-infiltrating CTLs were observed that are shared across tumor subtypes. Pathway analysis revealed enrichment of genes in cell cycle, T cell receptor (TCR) activation and co-stimulation pathways, indicating tumor-driven expansion of presumed tumor antigen-specific CTLs. Marked heterogeneity in the expression of molecules associated with TCR activation and immune checkpoints such as 4-1BB, PD1, TIM3, was also observed and their expression was positively correlated with the density of tumor-infiltrating CTLs.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition for modifying the activity of microRNA-mediated regulation of mRNA in a cell, wherein the composition comprises: two or more compounds capable of blocking two or more microRNA molecules from binding to the same target mRNA, wherein the two or more microRNA molecules are different in sequence or structure relative to each other. In particular, compositions for use in the treatment of asthma and methods of prevention or treatment of asthma.