Abstract: A filter, including a plurality of annularly closed disks having a through-opening. The disks include at least one contact area projecting from a lateral surface for a contact with an adjoining disk, and radial flow-through areas adjoining the contact area, and the disks being situated as a disk stack.

Abstract: An assembly includes: a first component; a second component enclosed by the first component; a diaphragm that covers a radial gap between the first and second components and is fixed in each case in a sealed manner; and a volume of a medium that is enclosed by the first and second components and the diaphragm. For the purpose of achieving a simple filling process of the assembly with the medium at a reliable sealing of the enclosed volume, even in the case of high, swelling pressures acting upon the assembly, in one of the components a filling valve is situated that opens towards the volume, which filling valve is situated as a check valve having spring resetting in a filling channel running in the component.

Abstract: A valve for metering fluid under pressure includes: a valve housing having an inlet opening and a metering opening for the fluid; an outward-opening valve needle pressure equalized via an elastic hollow body which is subject to the fluid pressure; and an electromagnet which lifts the valve needle up from the metering opening against the force of a valve closing spring. The valve housing is assembled from a valve tube and one valve body on the metering end and another on the inlet end, each being connected in a fluid-tight manner to the valve tube at the tube ends. The magnet pot including the enclosed solenoid coil is secured on the valve tube on the outside by the electromagnet, and the magnetic core is secured on the valve tube on the inside in such a way that it surrounds a needle section of the valve needle.

Abstract: A valve for metering fluid under pressure includes: a valve housing which has an inlet opening and a metering opening as well as a valve seat enclosing the metering opening having an outwardly pointing seat surface; a valve needle carrying a closing head; a valve-closing spring acting on the valve needle and applying the closing head to the valve seat; and an electrical actuator, which applies a compressive force to the valve needle, lifting the closing head outwardly away from the valve seat. To prevent transverse forces on the valve needle, which can cause a deflection of the valve needle, a gimbal-mounted spring disk, which is pushed onto the valve needle, is used as the valve-closing spring.

Abstract: A device for holding down a valve for metering fuel in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine is provided. The valve is inserted for fuel supply, using a connection piece, into a sealing region which presses against the connection piece at an outlet opening of a manifold fixed to the cylinder head. Between a first support shoulder on the side of the valve and a second support shoulder on the side of the manifold, the device has a clamped spring element for transferring a holding-down force onto the valve. In order to achieve an inward deflection of the spring element required for the transfer of the holding-down force, the spring element is prestressed to a prestressing force that is reduced with respect to the holding-down force, and the prestressed spring element is fixed on the valve.

Abstract: An assembly includes: a first component; a second component enclosed by the first component; a diaphragm that covers a radial gap between the first and second components and is fixed in each case in a sealed manner; and a volume of a medium that is enclosed by the first and second components and the diaphragm. For the purpose of achieving a simple filling process of the assembly with the medium at a reliable sealing of the enclosed volume, even in the case of high, swelling pressures acting upon the assembly, in one of the components a filling valve is situated that opens towards the volume, which filling valve is situated as a check valve having spring resetting in a filling channel running in the component.

Abstract: A valve for metering fluid under pressure includes: a valve housing having an inlet opening and a metering opening for the fluid; an outward-opening valve needle pressure equalized via an elastic hollow body which is subject to the fluid pressure; and an electromagnet which lifts the valve needle up from the metering opening against the force of a valve closing spring. The valve housing is assembled from a valve tube and one valve body on the metering end and another on the inlet end, each being connected in a fluid-tight manner to the valve tube at the tube ends. The magnet pot including the enclosed solenoid coil is secured on the valve tube on the outside by the electromagnet, and the magnetic core is secured on the valve tube on the inside in such a way that it surrounds a needle section of the valve needle.

Abstract: A valve for metering fluid under pressure includes: a valve housing which has an inlet opening and a metering opening as well as a valve seat enclosing the metering opening having an outwardly pointing seat surface; a valve needle carrying a closing head; a valve-closing spring acting on the valve needle and applying the closing head to the valve seat; and an electrical actuator, which applies a compressive force to the valve needle, lifting the closing head outwardly away from the valve seat. To prevent transverse forces on the valve needle, which can cause a deflection of the valve needle, a gimbal-mounted spring disk, which is pushed onto the valve needle, is used as the valve-closing spring.

Abstract: A fuel injector, in particular for direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber, including a housing having one combustion-chamber side injection aperture, a valve needle which is linearly movable in the housing and outwardly opening for opening and closing the injection aperture, a piezoelectric actuator for moving the valve needle, a first stop surface on the valve needle facing the combustion chamber, and a second stop surface on the housing diametrically opposed to the first stop surface. The first stop surface makes an impact on the second stop surface in the case of a maximally possible movement of the valve needle in the direction of opening with the aid of the piezoelectric actuator.

Abstract: A device for holding down a valve for metering fuel in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine is provided. The valve is inserted for fuel supply, using a connection piece, into a sealing region which presses against the connection piece at an outlet opening of a manifold fixed to the cylinder head. Between a first support shoulder on the side of the valve and a second support shoulder on the side of the manifold, the device has a clamped spring element for transferring a holding-down force onto the valve. In order to achieve an inward deflection of the spring element required for the transfer of the holding-down force, the spring element is prestressed to a prestressing force that is reduced with respect to the holding-down force, and the prestressed spring element is fixed on the valve.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine using an electrically operated air compressor that allows for heating up an exhaust-gas treatment device more rapidly. The electrically operated air compressor is activated during a starting process of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A fuel cell system has a combustion device, a fuel cell unit and a reformer for transforming fuel into a reformed gas, the combustion device having at least one exhaust pipe as an outlet for exhaust gas, the use of such a fuel cell system resulting in a marked reduction in the additional energy that may be required for heating the transforming unit. This is achieved by positioning at least one heat exchanger unit at the exhaust pipe for heating a heating fluid and/or a fuel of the reformer, using the heat from the exhaust gas stream.