Abstract: A non-linear time digitizer delay chain and a respective lookup table for converting the phase error into a digital code together prevent a phase error pulse from saturating the delay chain, even when the input frequency varies by orders of magnitude. By using a non-linear T2D delay chain along with a corresponding lookup table, the phase error pulse associated with a digital phase lock loop (PLL) can be measured and represented in more meaningful and accurate ways that that achievable when using a conventional T2d circuit to convert the phase error into a digital code. The lookup table implementation allows an additional degree of freedom for designers to apply a transfer function to the digital code measured by the T2D.

Abstract: A symmetric glitch free clock multiplexing circuit allows the input clock to a digital or analog processing unit to be switched from one frequency to the other at any moment during the operation, assuming the respective clocks themselves are stable. There exist no restrictions on the clocks or the switch control signal to be synchronous in any fashion. This circuit guarantees a glitch free output and also prevents short cycling of the output clock. Since all the related clocks and switch control signal are asynchronous, this circuit further eliminates meta-stability problems. Its symmetrical architecture allows the circuit to function with the output clock being switched from slow clock to fast clock and vise versa.