Abstract: Provided herein are mass spectrometric standards for distinguishing hemoglobin beta (HBB) and hemoglobin beta sickle (HBS) and methods of using these standards to determine the amount of HBB relative to HBS in a sample.

Abstract: The invention features transgenic, non-human animals, such as mice, that produce human hemoglobin, for example, hemoglobin A, sickle hemoglobin, fetal hemoglobin, or hemoglobin Kansas Porto Alegre, but fail to produce hemoglobin endogenous to the animal. The invention also features methods for producing human hemoglobin in these animals, human hemoglobins produced by these methods, and methods of using these animals to identify therapeutic substances.

Abstract: The invention features &dgr;-erythroid krüppel-like factors (&dgr;-EKLFs), and methods of using nucleic acids encoding &dgr;-EKLFs to increase &dgr;-globin gene expression in a cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the synthesis of functional human hemoglobin and other proteins in erythroid tissues of transgenic non-human animals and erythroid cell lines. It is based on the discovery that two of the five hypersensitivity sites of the &bgr;-globin locus are sufficient to result in high level expression of human &agr;- or &bgr;-globin transgenes.

Abstract: The invention features &dgr;-erythroid krüppel-like factors (&dgr;-EKLFs), and methods of using nucleic acids encoding &dgr;-EKLFs to increase &dgr;-globin gene expression in a cell.

Abstract: The invention features &dgr;-erythroid krüppel-like factors (&dgr;-EKLFs), and methods of using nucleic acids encoding &dgr;-EKLFs to increase &dgr;-globin gene expression in a cell.

Abstract: The invention features &dgr;-erythroid krüppel-like factors (&dgr;-EKLFs), and methods of using nucleic acids encoding &dgr;-EKLFs to increase &dgr;-globin gene expression in a cell.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel recombinant nucleic acid vectors which may be used to produce .alpha.-globin as well as other proteins of interest in quantity in the red blood cells of transgenic animals or cell cultures of erythroid lineage. The present invention also provides for the transgenic animals which contain these recombinant nucleic acid vectors. The vectors of the invention comprise at least one of the major DNase I hypersensitivity sites associated with the .beta.-globin locus together with a gene of interest. According to various embodiments of the invention, the vectors may be used to create transgenic animals or to transfect cells in culture. In a specific embodiment of the invention, a vector which comprises two DNase I hypersensitivity sites together with the human .alpha.-globin gene is used to create transgenic animals which produce human .alpha.-globin protein in erythroid tissues, including red blood cells.

Abstract: Disclosed are anti-sickling human hemoglobins for use as sickle cell anemia therapeutics.

Abstract: Disclosed are anti-sickling human hemoglobins for use as sickle cell anemia therapeutics.

Abstract: Transgenic, recombinantly cross-linked polymeric human hemoglobins suitable as cell-free blood substitutes have been produced. A plurality of DNA constructs have been designed for efficient expression of modified human hemoglobins in the erythrocytes of the non-human transgenic animals. Substantially pure, non-immunogenic, artificial human hemoglobins are then easily obtained from the erythroid cells of the transgenic animals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the synthesis of functional human hemoglobin and other proteins in erythroid tissues of transgenic non-human animals and erythroid cell lines. It is based on the discovery that two of the five hypersensitivity sites of the .beta.-globin locus are sufficient to result in high level expression of human .alpha.- or .beta.-globin transgenes. The present invention also provides for novel recombinant nucleic acid vectors which may be used to produce .alpha.-globin as well as other proteins of interest in quantity in the red blood cells of transgenic animals or cell cultures of erythroid lineage. The vectors of the invention comprise at least one of the major DNase I hypersensitivity sites associated with the .beta.-globin locus together with a gene of interest. In a specific embodiment of the invention, a vector which comprises two DNase I hypersensitivity sites together with the human .alpha.-globin gene is used to create transgenic animals which produce human .alpha.

Abstract: Transgenic, recombinantly cross-linked polymeric human hemoglobins suitable as cell-free blood substitutes have been produced. A plurality of DNA constructs have been designed for efficient expression of modified human hemoglobins in the erythrocytes of the non-human transgenic animals. Substantially pure, non-immunogenic, artificial human hemoglobins are then easily obtained from the erythroid cells of the transgenic animals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the synthesis of functional human hemoglobin and other proteins in erythroid tissues of transgenic non-human animals and erythroid cell lines. It is based on the discovery that two of the five hypersensitivity sites of the .beta.-globin locus are sufficient to result in high level expression of human .alpha.- or .beta.-globin transgenes. The present invention also provides for novel recombinant nucleic acid vectors which may be used to produce .alpha.-globin as well as other proteins of interest in quantity in the red blood cells of transgenic animals or cell cultures of erythroid lineage. The vectors of the invention comprise at least one of the major DNase I hypersensitivity sites associated with the .beta.-globin locus together with a gene of interest. In a specific embodiment of the invention, a vector which comprises two DNase I hypersensitivity sites together with the human .alpha.-globin gene is used to create transgenic animals which produce human .alpha.