Abstract: An apparatus and method of providing an apparatus, the apparatus including: a loudspeaker configured to convert an electrical input signal into an acoustic output signal; and carbon nanohorn material wherein the carbon nanohorn material is positioned so as to be exposed to the acoustic output signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of providing an apparatus, the apparatus including: a loudspeaker configured to convert an electrical input signal into an acoustic output signal; and carbon nanohorn material wherein the carbon nanohorn material is positioned so as to be exposed to the acoustic output signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of providing an apparatus, the apparatus including a loudspeaker configured to convert an electrical input signal into an acoustic output signal; and carbon nanohorn material wherein the carbon nanohorn material is positioned so as to be exposed to the acoustic output signal.

Abstract: The specification and drawings present a new method and apparatus for reducing loudspeaker size by partitioning the back cavity of the loudspeaker using a sound sponge block. The sound sponge block is an array of narrow ducts (e.g., parallel ducts, or parallel round cylinders of a small diameter) made of a pre-selected material with predetermined dimensions (e.g., the diameter and length) formed within a single block which is placed behind a loudspeaker diaphragm but not in a direct contact with it. The sound sponge block, comprising the multiple very narrow ducts (e.g., with duct diameters on the order of microns) substantially absorbs the sound waves radiated from a rear side of the diaphragm in the backward direction due to significant drop in the impedance for very narrow tube diameters.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus, comprising a lens and a piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric element is configured to bend in response to a voltage applied thereto. The lens and the piezoelectric element are arranged so that the bending causes at least a portion of the lens to move in at least one movement direction. The invention further relates to an according method and computer-readable medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus, comprising a lens and a piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric element is configured to bend in response to a voltage applied thereto. The lens and the piezoelectric element are arranged so that the bending causes at least a portion of the lens to move in at least one movement direction. The invention further relates to an according method and computer-readable medium.

Abstract: The specification and drawings present a new method and apparatus for reducing loudspeaker size by partitioning the back cavity of the loudspeaker using a sound sponge block. The sound sponge block is an array of narrow ducts (e.g., parallel ducts, or parallel round cylinders of a small diameter) made of a pre-selected material with predetermined dimensions (e.g., the diameter and length) formed within a single block which is placed behind a loudspeaker diaphragm but not in a direct contact with it. The sound sponge block, comprising the multiple very narrow ducts (e.g., with duct diameters on the order of microns) substantially absorbs the sound waves radiated from a rear side of the diaphragm in the backward direction due to significant drop in the impedance for very narrow tube diameters.