Abstract: A frequency shifter configured to shift the frequency of a signal, the frequency shifter comprising: a resonant structure configured to mechanically resonate at a first frequency; and a plurality of capacitors, each capacitor having a variable plate separation distance, wherein the resonant structure is configured to cause the plate separation distance of each capacitor to oscillate so as to cause the frequency of the signal to shift by the first frequency.

Abstract: A radio communications device includes a location finder for determining the device's location based on satellite signals, a crystal oscillator whose output frequency acts as a controlling reference for the location finder and a processor for intermittently correcting the crystal oscillator such that the output frequency experiences jumps. The location finder is arranged to take account of the jumps in the determination of the device's location.

Abstract: A frequency shifter configured to shift the frequency of a signal, the frequency shifter comprising: a resonant structure configured to mechanically resonate at a first frequency; and a plurality of capacitors, each capacitor having a variable plate separation distance, wherein the resonant structure is configured to cause the plate separation distance of each capacitor to oscillate so as to cause the frequency of the signal to shift by the first frequency.

Abstract: A satellite positioning subsystem includes a frequency converter that applies a downshift in frequency to a received signal that should contain a satellite signal that has been spread and modulated on a carrier signal. A non-crystal oscillator produces an output signal whose frequency acts as a controlling reference for the frequency converter. A crystal oscillator is coupled to a controller that develops a control signal for controlling the frequency of the output signal of the non-crystal oscillator. A processor intermittently corrects the crystal oscillator such that its output frequency experiences jumps. A filter filters the control signal to limit the rate of change of frequency that the control signal demands of the output signal of the non-crystal oscillator such that a phase rotation of ? cannot occur in the output signal of the non-crystal oscillator in the time that would be taken to despread a sample of the satellite signal.

Abstract: A frequency shifter configured to shift the frequency of a signal, the frequency shifter comprising: a resonant structure configured to mechanically resonate at a first frequency; and a plurality of capacitors, each capacitor having a variable plate separation distance, wherein the resonant structure is configured to cause the plate separation distance of each capacitor to oscillate so as to cause the frequency of the signal to shift by the first frequency.

Abstract: A method that includes providing a plastic container with an exterior surface and a polyester substrate with a first face and a second face. A coating of repositionable pressure sensitive adhesive is provided to substantially all of the second face of the polyester substrate. The polyester substrate is adhered to the plastic container by contacting the second face of the polyester substrate and the coating of repositionable pressure sensitive adhesive with the exterior surface of the plastic container. The polyester substrate and all of the coating of repositionable pressure sensitive adhesive may be removed from the plastic container prior to recycling the plastic container by peeling the polyester substrate away from the exterior surface of the plastic container.

Abstract: A frequency shifter configured to shift the frequency of a signal, the frequency shifter comprising: a resonant structure configured to mechanically resonate at a first frequency; and a plurality of capacitors, each capacitor having a variable plate separation distance, wherein the resonant structure is configured to cause the plate separation distance of each capacitor to oscillate so as to cause the frequency of the signal to shift by the first frequency.

Abstract: A radio communications device comprising location finding means for determining the device's location based on satellite signals, a crystal oscillator whose output frequency acts as a controlling reference for the location finding means and processing means for intermittently correcting the crystal oscillator such that the output frequency experiences jumps. The location finding means is arranged to take account of the jumps in the determination of the device's location.

Abstract: A method of determining relative phase data of a signal received at multiple antennas, the signal being a phase-modulated data signal having a plurality of periods of constant frequency, the method comprising: within each period of constant frequency, sampling the signal received by a first one of the multiple antennas and sampling the signal received by at least one different one of the multiple antennas; determining from the received samples a data symbol value represented by the received signal for each of the periods of constant frequency; and using the determined data symbol value information to eliminate phase variations between the samples received by the different antennas within each constant frequency period arising from the modulation of the data signal to generate relative phase data for said different antennas.

Abstract: A method of determining relative phase data of a signal received at multiple antennas, the signal being a phase-modulated data signal having a plurality of periods of constant frequency, the method comprising: within each period of constant frequency, sampling the signal received by a first one of the multiple antennas and sampling the signal received by at least one different one of the multiple antennas; determining from the received samples a data symbol value represented by the received signal for each of the periods of constant frequency; and using the determined data symbol value information to eliminate phase variations between the samples received by the different antennas within each constant frequency period arising from the modulation of the data signal to generate relative phase data for said different antennas.