Abstract: In order to identify manipulations of cyber-physical-systems, in which cyber-security attacks or manual attacks, can be identified in real-time, it is proposed with regard to (i) a cyber-physical-system with an embedded, distributed and complex system structure and providing sensor/actor-signal-information depicting a behavior of the cyber-physical-system during operation or commissioning, and (ii) a Digital-Twin-Unit, creates and executes a digital twin replicating the behavior of the cyber-physical-system and consequently producing replicated sensor/actor-signal-information by simulating the cyber-physical-system and when the cyber-physical-system and the Digital-Twin-Unit are run in parallel, (1) to detect cyclically a deviation in the behavior of the cyber-physical-system, (2) to determine an environmental model impacts on the deviation due to external and environmental conditions and based on external information, (3) to identify a manipulation of the cyber-physical-system if—for each detection cycle the

Abstract: To automate alarm management in modular production installations, provided is, with respect to a modular production installation, for which, for its modular, manufacturer-independent construction and operation, “process equipment assembly” modules, controlled by a programmable PEA controller and simulated by means of a configurable PEA simulation, are integrated into the production installation, by means of a “module type package <MTP>” mechanism for the PEA module description, in the course of a process orchestration which is standardized the following is carried out in the alarm management: —all states of the modular production installation with respect to triggered faults of possible fault cases of the production installation are virtually run through and simulated; —simulation faults that occur are logged concomitantly by means of alarms, which provide identification and an alarm message log is created and/or alarm chains are identified and alarm relationships in the alarm chains are determined.

Abstract: To identify manipulations of cyber-physical-systems in real-time to avoid or prevent damages to the cyber-physical systems, it is proposed with regard to (i) a cyber-physical-system with an embedded, distributed and complex system structure and providing sensor/actor-signal-information depicting a behavior of the cyber-physical-system during operation or commissioning, and (ii) a Digital-Twin-Unit, which in the course of “Model-based Digital-Twin-Representation” of the cyber-physical-system creates and executes a digital twin replicating the behavior of the cyber-physical-system and consequently producing replicated sensor/actor-signal-information by simulating the cyber-physical-system, and when the cyber-physical-system and the Digital-Twin-Unit are run in parallel, to detect cyclically a deviation in the behavior of the cyber-physical-system by comparing information by information the sensor/actor-signal-information with the replicated sensor/actor-signal-information, to identify a manipulation of the cybe

Abstract: To automate alarm management in modular production installations, provided is, with respect to a modular production installation for which, for its modular, manufacturer—independent construction and operation, “process equipment assembly” modules, controlled by a programmable PEA controller and simulated by means of a configurable PEA simulation, are integrated into the production installation, by means of a “module type package <MTP>” mechanism for the PEA module description, in the course of a process orchestration which is standardized the following is carried out in the alarm management: —all states of the modular production installation with respect to triggered faults of possible fault cases of the production installation are virtually run through and simulated; —simulation faults that occur are logged concomitantly by means of alarms, which provide identification and an alarm message log is created and/or alarm chains are identified and alarm relationships in the alarm chains are determined.

Abstract: A method and a device for the computer-assisted simulation of a modular technical system, wherein for each real module of the modular technical system, a corresponding virtual module is generated, is provided. The virtual module includes a controller for controlling a module-specific process and at least one module-specific simulation model, to which model type information is assigned, for simulating the model-specific process. The virtual module is designed to simulate the module-specific process that is controlled by the controller by means of the module-specific simulation model and/or the controller of the real module, and is provided for a computer-assisted simulation of the modular technical system as a data container. In particular, the following allows a virtual start-up of modular process systems.

Abstract: A training data generator includes an interface to read symbols extracted from digital system plans for technical systems, wherein each of the system plans represents the design and/or the functionality of a technical system by of symbols, and the system plans are identical. The training data generator also includes a storage module which is designed to store the extracted symbols, a selection module which is designed to randomly select a symbol sub-quantity of the stored symbols using a random generator, a generator which is designed to generate at least one synthetic system plan on the basis of the selected symbol sub-quantity, and an output module to output the at least one synthetic system plan as training data in order to train a trainable image detection module, wherein the trainable image detection module is designed to generate a digital system plan using an analog system plan of a technical system.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for controlling a technical system is provided, including: —reading in hardware configuration parameters and a value of a real-time requirement of a control unit, —reading in hardware configuration parameters of a computing unit for artificial intelligence, —reading in a control application for controlling the technical system, the control application being configured to generate an input value for the control unit in accordance with an artificial intelligence, —determining a processing time of the control application for execution of the control application on the computing unit for artificial intelligence, considering the hardware configuration parameters of the control unit and the hardware configuration parameters of the computing unit for artificial intelligence, —checking the determined processing time based on the value of the real-time requirement of the control unit and outputting a check result, and —the control application, depending on the check result, for the contro

Abstract: A method and a device for configuring a controller and to a method and a controller for controlling a technical system by means of a data-based control model is provided, in particular a model based on reinforcement learning. This data-based control model is configured using a model-predictive control model. Configuration parameters of the data-based control model are set by mapping the model-predictive control model onto the data-based control model in such a way that the data-based control model reproduces the output data of the model predictive control model depending on state data of the technical system read in, and determines optimized control parameters configured in this way. A computationally intensive training procedure for configuring the data-based control model can thus be avoided.

Abstract: A method and a device for the computer-assisted simulation of a modular technical system, wherein for each real module of the modular technical system, a corresponding virtual module is generated, is provided. The virtual module includes a controller for controlling a module-specific process and at least one module-specific simulation model, to which model type information is assigned, for simulating the model-specific process. The virtual module is designed to simulate the module-specific process that is controlled by the controller by means of the module-specific simulation model and/or the controller of the real module, and is provided for a computer-assisted simulation of the modular technical system as a data container. In particular, the following allows a virtual start-up of modular process systems.

Abstract: A computer-supported creation of an interdisciplinary simulation model of a physical-technical device is provided. Based on a predefined database, which is indicative of the physical-technical behaviour of the device, discipline-specific simulation components of the device and at least one interface for each of the simulation components are created, such that statuses of the simulation components can be synchronised with one another by means of the interfaces. In addition, each discipline-specific simulation component models a corresponding discipline-specific aspect of the physical-technical behaviour of the device. The created simulation components represent the simulation model together with the interfaces.

Abstract: To control a technical system having multiple system components, multiple functional modules access a common data model. The functional modules in this case include an interface module, a simulation module and an output module. The data model includes data components associated with the system components and simulation model data for a simulation model of the technical system. The functional modules are actuated by a flow controller, wherein the flow controller and a respective functional module have functional-module-specific selection data transmitted between them that the respective functional module takes as a basis for accessing model data of the data model. The interface module continually captures operating data of the technical system and stores them in the data model by means of selection-data-specific access.

Abstract: Provided is a method for operating a system including components controllable by control variables, including the determining of at least one optimized control variable at an optimization period for minimizing or maximizing a target function of the system in such a way that at least one system variable fulfills predetermined secondary conditions with respect to the control period, wherein the determining includes the establishment of an evaluation function for each of the secondary conditions to evaluate a change of the system variable at the end of the optimization period based on a current value of the system variable at the beginning of the optimization period, based on a gradient of the system variable relating to the secondary condition and maximally achievable over the control period, and based on a gradient relating to the secondary condition and minimally achievable over the control period.

Abstract: To control a technical system having multiple system components, multiple functional modules access a common data model. The functional modules in this case include an interface module, a simulation module and an output module. The data model includes data components associated with the system components and simulation model data for a simulation model of the technical system. The functional modules are actuated by a flow controller, wherein the flow controller and a respective functional module have functional-module-specific selection data transmitted between them that the respective functional module takes as a basis for accessing model data of the data model. The interface module continually captures operating data of the technical system and stores them in the data model by means of selection-data-specific access.

Abstract: Provided is a method for operating a system including components controllable by control variables, including the determining of at least one optimized control variable at an optimization period for minimizing or maximizing a target function of the system in such a way that at least one system variable fulfills predetermined secondary conditions with respect to the control period, wherein the determining includes the establishment of an evaluation function for each of the secondary conditions to evaluate a change of the system variable at the end of the optimization period based on a current value of the system variable at the beginning of the optimization period, based on a gradient of the system variable relating to the secondary condition and maximally achievable over the control period, and based on a gradient relating to the secondary condition and minimally achievable over the control period.

Abstract: There is provided a light detection system which is capable of determining in light embedded codes by detecting light in a scene which is illuminated by an illumination system (110) comprising one or more light sources (111,112,113) each providing a light contribution (I111, I112, I113) comprising an embedded code (ID#1, ID#2, ID#3) emitted as a temporal sequence of modulations in a characteristics of the light emitted. The light detection system comprises light detection means (220), which are arranged for acquiring at least one image of the scene, where the image is acquired a plurality of temporal shifted line instances. Each line of the acquired image comprises an instance of the temporal sequence of modulations of the first embedded code. The light detection system further comprises means (230) for determining embedded codes from the spatial pattern of modulations.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for transmitting one or more symbols in a multiple antenna wireless communication system. Subcarriers from one or more symbols are interleaved across a plurality of antennas. The symbols may be, for example, long or short training symbols based on a single-antenna long or short training symbol, respectively, and wherein each subsequent subcarrier from the single-antenna training symbol is positioned in a training symbol for a logically adjacent antenna. One or more additional subcarriers may be inserted in at least one of the plurality of symbols to allow nulled subcarriers to be estimated using an interpolation-based channel estimation technique. The remaining portions of a header, as well as the data sequences of a packet, may also be diagonally loaded.

Abstract: For reducing and homogenizing an end-to-end delay of data packet transmissions in a large-scale wireless mesh network, a device, a system and a method are provided for controlling data packet transmission in the wireless network, wherein transmission parameters of an intermediate node are adjusted based on a distance between the intermediate node and a sender node.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for access point selection in wireless communication systems, such as wireless LANs. A disclosed wireless communication device includes a roaming process that selects an access point based on a measure of correlation on a channel to one or more surrounding access points. The roaming process selects an access point, for example, having the lowest correlation value. The roaming process may also consider the signal quality, channel delay spread or both in selecting an access point.

Abstract: Method for generating boundary conditions for at least one model for the simulation of at least one civil infrastructure, said method comprising the process steps: (a) mapping of spatially distributed installations connected to the at least one civil infrastructure onto a data structure; (b) typification of the spatially distributed installations; and (c) determination of boundary conditions for the at least one model by means of the spatially distributed installations that have been typified.

Abstract: There is provided a light detection system which is capable of determining in light embedded codes by detecting light in a scene which is illuminated by an illumination system (110) comprising one or more light sources (111,112,113) each providing a light contribution (I111, I112, I113) comprising an embedded code (ID#1, ID#2, ID#3) emitted as a temporal sequence of modulations in a characteristics of the light emitted. The light detection system comprises light detection means (220), which are arranged for acquiring at least one image of the scene, where the image is acquired a plurality of temporal shifted line instances. Each line of the acquired image comprises an instance of the temporal sequence of modulations of the first embedded code. The light detection system further comprises means (230) for determining embedded codes from the spatial pattern of modulations.