Abstract: A mixed signal integrated circuit device, e.g., digital-to-analog converter (DAC), has a serial interface communication protocol that accesses volatile and/or non-volatile memory and allows a preprogrammed output voltage whenever the mixed signal device is powered-up. However, unlike conventional DACs, DACs with non-volatile memory may need special interface communication protocols for effective operation of the DAC and communications between a system master controller unit (MCU). Interface communications protocols that do not violate standard serial bus communications protocols are provided for communicating between the volatile and non-volatile memories of the DAC so that the MCU may access the DAC's memories (non-volatile and/or volatile memories). The mixed signal integrated circuit device has a user programmable address.

Abstract: A mixed signal integrated circuit device, e.g., digital-to-analog converter (DAC), has a serial interface communication protocol that accesses volatile and/or non-volatile memory and allows a preprogrammed output voltage whenever the mixed signal device is powered-up. However, unlike conventional DACs, DACs with non-volatile memory may need special interface communication protocols for effective operation of the DAC and communications between a system master controller unit (MCU). Interface communications protocols that do not violate standard serial bus communications protocols are provided for communicating between the volatile and non-volatile memories of the DAC so that the MCU may access the DAC's memories (non-volatile and/or volatile memories). The mixed signal integrated circuit device has a user programmable address.

Abstract: A Warning Bump traffic safety device comprised of a base which is inserted over traffic cones or barrels and a strip and extensions, generally trapezoidal in cross section, attached to the base which extends into the roadway which causes both an audible and sensory warning to motorists driving over these strips. This traffic safety device is typically deployed in construction work zones in the buffer and work areas to provide additional warnings to both drivers as they approach a construction work area and additional warnings to both drivers and construction workers if a driver encroaches into lateral buffer area in the work zone. These traffic safety devices also tend to stabilize the cones and barrels.

Abstract: A Warning Bump traffic safety device comprised of a base which is inserted over traffic cones or barrels and a strip and extensions, generally trapezoidal in cross section, attached to the base which extends into the roadway which causes both an audible and sensory warning to motorists driving over these strips. This traffic safety device is typically deployed in construction work zones in the buffer and work areas to provide additional warnings to both drivers as they approach a construction work area and additional warnings to both drivers and construction workers if a driver encroaches into lateral buffer area in the work zone. These traffic safety devices also tend to stabilize the cones and barrels.