Abstract: Optical and thermal splines are integrated in the external envelope of a non-planar lamp allowing the optical output of discrete light sources such as LEDs to be distributed for uniform output and the achievement of desired light distributions such as omnidirectional output. Integrated thermal splines and perimeter location of light sources allow for improved thermal management without significantly compromised optical performance.

Abstract: Optical and thermal splines are integrated in the external envelope of a non-planar lamp allowing the optical output of discrete light sources such as LEDs to be distributed for uniform output and the achievement of desired light distributions such as omnidirectional output. Opposing orientation of light sources is utilized to create integrated optical and thermal splines for improved thermal and optical performance.

Abstract: Alternative methods of designing, developing and manufacturing optical elements and assemblies are provided which enable improvements in effectiveness and efficiency. Subtractive processes using lasers or other tools are utilized to create embedded void spaces that provide reflecting walls within internally reflective optical elements. The designs have advantages in cost, reduced development time, and performance. Light from multiple light sources can be mixed and collimated. Some embodiments provide the ability to integrate a large number of internally reflective optics into a single component and very large components can be made. Embodiments of the invention are designed for manufacturing and can be made without molding tooling.

Abstract: A novel light fixture comprises a light source, a collimating element, an optical cavity and a multi-functional non-imaging optical component to control light distribution. The present invention provides a system and method of controlling the output of light from a light fixture. One or more volumetric anisotropic diffusing components can be utilized to control both the photometric distribution and visual appearance of the light fixture. A high degree of optical control is obtained with durable components that can be easily customized to optimize optical performance in light fixtures designed as pendants, wall sconces, wallwashers, downlights, and tasklights. The luminance and color uniformity as well as the illuminance and color uniformity of illumination can be controlled and improved.

Abstract: An outcoupling optic and omnidirectional lamp are provided which enable an omnidirectional light distribution from a lamp with directional light sources such as light emitting diodes. Specific embodiments include the A-type lamp, A19.

Abstract: Information about items for sale is provided to interested parties. Potential buyers who are in physical proximity to the item may electronically submit access information that is obtained from an object present on the item in order to obtain additional information including future electronic communications providing updates to the status or price. The access information may be exposed to potential buyers in various ways including visible scan codes, textable character strings, and the like. A level of interest in the item for sale may be estimated through maintaining a count of the electronic submissions. The interest count can be reported by electronic communication to interested parties including the seller and/or the potential buyers who have submitted the access information. Notifications may also be provided by electronic communications to potential buyers to alert the potential buyer when the item has reached a particular location in a sales queue.

Abstract: The invention provides nanostructure composite porous silicon and carbon materials, and also provides carbon nanofiber arrays having a photonic response in the form of films or particles. Composite materials or carbon nanofiber arrays of the invention are produced by a templating method of the invention, and the resultant nanomaterials have a predetermined photonic response determined by the pattern in the porous silicon template, which is determined by etching conditions for forming the porous silicon. Example nanostructures include rugate filters, single layer structures and double layer structures. In a preferred method of the invention, a carbon precursor is introduced into the pores of a porous silicon film. Carbon is then formed from the carbon precursor.

Abstract: An enhanced light fixture containing a volumetric diffuser to control the spatial luminance uniformity and angular spread of light from the light fixture is disclosed. The volumetric diffuser provides increased spatial luminance uniformity and efficient control over the illuminance such that power reductions, reduced cost or reduced size may be achieved. The volumetric diffuser contains one or more regions of volumetric light scattering particles. The spread of illumination of light from a light emitting source can be efficiently controlled by using a thin, low cost, volumetric, diffuser to direct the light in the desired direction. This allows the reduction in number of light sources, a reduction in power requirements, or a more tailored illumination. When the volumetric diffuser is used in combination with a waveguide to extract light, the light is efficiently coupled out of the waveguide in a thin, planar surface.

Abstract: Designs and manufacturing methods are provided for lighting components and systems with improved performance in luminous efficacy, total lumen output, product lifetime, and form factor through the use of optical composites with improved thermal management. Some embodiments also provide designs and manufacturing methods to minimize thermal warpage and increase the rigidity of optical films and sheets through improved balance of thermal stresses.

Abstract: A novel light fixture comprises a light source, a collimating element, an optical cavity and a multi-functional non-imaging optical component to control light distribution. The present invention provides a system and method of controlling the output of light from a light fixture. One or more volumetric anisotropic diffusing components can be utilized to control both the photometric distribution and visual appearance of the light fixture. A high degree of optical control is obtained with durable components that can be easily customized to optimize optical performance in light fixtures designed as pendants, wall sconces, wallwashers, downlights, and tasklights. The luminance and color uniformity as well as the illuminance and color uniformity of illumination can be controlled and improved.

Abstract: Alternative methods of designing, developing and manufacturing optical elements and assemblies are provided which enable improvements in effectiveness and efficiency. Subtractive processes using lasers or other tools are utilized to create embedded void spaces that provide reflecting walls within internally reflective optical elements. The designs have advantages in cost, reduced development time, and performance. Light from multiple light sources can be mixed and collimated. Some embodiments provide the ability to integrate a large number of internally reflective optics into a single component and very large components can be made. Embodiments of the invention are designed for manufacturing and can be made without molding tooling.

Abstract: Designs for collimating optical elements and assemblies are provided which are fabricated by a subtractive process using lasers or other tools to create embedded void spaces that provide reflecting walls for internally reflective optical elements. The designs have advantages in cost, reduced development time, and performance. Light from multiple light sources can be mixed and collimated. Some embodiments provide the ability to integrate a large number of internally reflective optics into a single component and very large components can be made. Embodiments are designed for manufacturing and can be made without molding tooling.

Abstract: In one embodiment of this invention, a light fixture comprises a light source, a collimating element, an optical cavity and a multi-functional non-imaging optical component (MNOC) comprising an anisotropic light scattering film. In another embodiment of this invention, the MNOC further comprises a surface relief feature which redirects a portion of the incident light. The present invention provides a system and method of controlling the output of light from a light fixture. One or more volumetric anisotropic diffusing components are utilized to control both the photometric distribution and visual appearance of the light fixture. A high degree of optical control is obtained with durable components that can be easily customized to optimize optical performance in light fixtures designed as pendants, wall sconces, wallwashers, downlights, and tasklights. The luminance and color uniformity as well as the illuminance and color uniformity of illumination can be controlled and improved.

Abstract: Designs and manufacturing methods are provided for lighting components and systems with improved performance in luminous efficacy, total lumen output, product lifetime, and form factor through the use of optical composites with improved thermal management. Some embodiments also provide designs and manufacturing methods to minimize thermal warpage and increase the rigidity of optical films and sheets through improved balance of thermal stresses.