Abstract: A device where saliva from a pregnant woman in the first trimester of pregnancy (6-8 weeks of pregnancy) is mixed with a chaotropic agent that facilitates cell lysis and protein denaturization. The mixture is introduced into a microfluidic system where the mixture is passed across a solid-state structure that captures all DNA in the mixture including cfDNA. After removal of protein and other waste from the membrane, the captured DNA is eluted from the solid-state structure into nucleic acid amplification reaction chambers. The system contains individual chambers for a positive control chamber and the target, male-specific, Y chromosome nucleotide sequence. The presence of amplification products is then detected in such a manner that a lay user can accurately determine the presence or absence of the Y chromosome. The presence of a Y chromosome is indicative of a biologically male fetus.

Abstract: A device for detecting nucleic acids in a biological sample has a sample port, a lysis station and a sample conduit configured to mix a sample and lysis agent to form a sample-lysis mixture, pass the sample-lysis mixture across a solid-state membrane to capture nucleic acids in the biological sample therein, and receive the remainder of the sample-lysis mixture in a waste chamber. The wash station is configured to introduce the wash solution following the sample-lysis mixture, pass the wash solution across the solid-state membrane to purify nucleic acids captured therein, and receive the wash solution from the solid-state membrane in the waste chamber. The elution station is configured to pass the eluent across the solid-state membrane, elute captured nucleic acids from the solid-state membrane, and pass the captured nucleic acids into one or more reaction chambers for amplifying and detecting the captured nucleic acids.

Abstract: A device for amplifying and detecting nucleic acids in a biological sample has a sample port for receiving a biological sample, a solid-state membrane, a sample conduit, a lysis station, a wash station, an elution station, a waste chamber, and a reaction chamber. The sample port, lysis station and sample conduit are configured to mix a sample and lysis agent to form a sample-lysis mixture, pass the mixture across the solid-state membrane to capture nucleic acids in the sample therein, and receive the remainder of the mixture in the waste chamber. The wash station directs a wash solution across the solid-state membrane and into the waste chamber to purify nucleic acids captured in the membrane. The elution station directs an eluent across the membrane, elutes captured nucleic acids from the membrane, and passes the captured nucleic acids into the reaction chamber for amplifying and detecting the captured nucleic acids.

Abstract: Devices and methods for diagnosing and administering drug overdose countermeasure. In some embodiments, a device includes a analyzer with a decision support application electronically connected to a drug of abuse detection device and a non-invasive blood gas device that support specific identification of drugs of abuse within a patient's system. In some embodiments, a method includes inputting patient demographics into the analyzer, inputting a patient's saliva, blood, and/or urine sample into the drug of abuse detection device, operatively affixing a non-invasive blood gas device to a patient, and administering a proper countermeasure dosage analyzer to the patient experiencing drug overdose.

Abstract: A wireless medical system for remotely monitoring, detecting, and/or diagnosing a patient. The system includes a patch, a data transfer mechanism, and an assistive interpretation module. The system can also include additional modules or components without deviating from the spirit of the invention.