Abstract: Embodiments disclosed are directed to a computing system that performs steps to perform enhanced device fingerprinting using user contacts data. The computing system receives, from an application, a first plurality of device attributes identifying a client device on which the application is being used. The first plurality of device attributes includes first device identification data and first user contacts data. Subsequently, when a user is attempting to perform a transaction using the application on the client device, the computing system receives, from the application, a second plurality of device attributes identifying the client device on which the application is being used. The second plurality of device attributes includes second device identification data and second user contacts data. The computing system compares the second plurality of device attributes to the first plurality of device attributes to determine whether the user is authorized to perform the transaction.

Abstract: A wheel of a vehicle has a rim, a hub section and at least two spokes which connect the hub section to the rim. At least one spoke intermediate space between the spokes is at least partially covered by a covering element mounted on the wheel from the outside of the wheel. The covering element is held in the installed position by a fastening device. The fastening device is mounted from the inside of the wheel and is connected to a wheel flange arranged in the inside of the wheel.

Abstract: A wheel of a vehicle has a rim, a hub section and at least two spokes which connect the hub section to the rim. At least one spoke intermediate space between the spokes is at least partially covered by a covering element mounted on the wheel from the outside of the wheel. The covering element is held in the installed position by a fastening device. The fastening device is mounted from the inside of the wheel and is connected to a wheel flange arranged in the inside of the wheel.