Abstract: Derivatization of an elemental carbon surface is accomplished by exposing the carbon surface to an aprotic solvent containing a hydrazone molecule of formula (I) or the corresponding salt of formula (II) wherein R1 is an organic group, and R2 is an organic group or hydrogen and decomposing the hydrazone in the presence of elemental carbon to create a carbene moiety of formula (III): which attaches to the carbon surface. The attached groups may be redox active so that the derivatized carbon may be used in an electrochemical sensor.

Abstract: A network device comprising a first attach point, a second attach point, a switch and persistent connection logic is provided. The first attach point may connect the network device to a first link, and the second attach point may connect the network device to a second link. The switch may connect the first attach point to the second attach point. The persistent connection logic may create a persistent connection between a first network element and a second network element, where the persistent connection comprises the network device, the first link and the second link. The network device may also implement a non-persistent connection between two network elements, where the non-persistent connection may comprises the network device.

Abstract: A communication session between a first communication device and a second communication device is hosted in an Internet Protocol (IP) based packet data network. A contact server functions as a bridge service between the first communication device and the second communication device. A communication link between the first communication device and the contact server or the second communication device and the contact server is initially a voice-over IP (VoIP) communication link over a wireless data network comprised of a first packet data media stream. The contact server receives the first packet data media stream and at least one other packet data media stream from the first communication device and combines them into a single packet data media stream before transmitting the combined single packet data media stream to the second communication device.

Abstract: A communication session between a first communication device and a second communication device is hosted in an Internet Protocol (IP) based packet data network. A contact server functions as a bridge service between the first communication device and the second communication device. A communication link between the first communication device and the contact server or the second communication device and the contact server is initially a voice-over IP (VoIP) communication link over a wireless data network. The contact server analyzes a call quality characteristic of the VoIP communication link and causes the communication device having the VoIP communication link to handoff the VoIP communication link from the wireless data network to a cellular communication link on a cellular network when the analyzed call quality characteristic of the VoIP communication link crosses a threshold level. Other embodiments describe handing off from a cellular communication link to VoIP communication link.

Abstract: A contact server receives a request to initiate an out-bound call to a recipient device. The request identifies the caller device by a cellular network phone number. The contact server establishes a communication link with the caller device and determines its associated data network phone number. The contact server establishes a communication link with the recipient device, indicating that the data network phone number of the caller device is the source of call, and bridges the two links. The contact server may receive a request for an in-bound call to a recipient device. The request identifies the recipient device by a data network phone number. The contact server establishes a communication link with the caller device and determines a cellular network phone number associated with the recipient device. The contact server establishes a communication link with the recipient device using its cellular network phone number and bridges the two links.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide for creating and using persistent connections in SAS networks. A persistent connection may be a connection that persists for longer than the usual SAS connection. More specifically, it is a connection that is not subject to periodic tear downs by SAS devices according to existing SAS protocols (such as, by using CLOSE or BREAK primitives). Instead, persistent connections may be removable by a link reset. Persistent connections may be used in situations in which the overhead associated with the usual tear down and re-establishment of connections in a SAS network may be considered too high in comparison with its intended benefits. Persistent connections may also be used to provide virtual direct attachment between two different SAS connected devices or between a SAS connected device and an expander.

Abstract: A communication session between a first communication device and a second communication device is hosted in an Internet Protocol (IP) based packet data network. A contact server functions as a bridge service between the first communication device and the second communication device. A communication link between the first communication device and the contact server or the second communication device and the contact server is initially a voice-over IP (VoIP) communication link over a wireless data network comprised of a first packet data media stream. The contact server receives the first packet data media stream and at least one other packet data media stream from the first communication device and combines them into a single packet data media stream before transmitting the combined single packet data media stream to the second communication device.

Abstract: A defence system 2, 60, 70, 100 comprising a net layer 4, 62, 72 and a buffer layer 6, 64, 74 wherein the buffer layer 6, 64, 74 is provided in front of the net layer 4, 62, 72.

Abstract: A contact server receives a request to initiate an out-bound call to a recipient device. The request identifies the caller device by a cellular network phone number. The contact server establishes a communication link with the caller device and determines its associated data network phone number. The contact server establishes a link with the recipient device, indicating that the data network phone number is the source of call, and bridges the two links. The contact server may also receive a request for an in-bound call to a recipient device. The request identifies the recipient device by its data network phone number. The contact server establishes a link with the caller device and determines a cellular network phone number associated with the recipient device. The contact server establishes a link with the recipient device using its cellular network phone number and bridges the two links.

Abstract: In an arrangement for monitoring of flow within a hydrocarbon well or reservoir by means of one or more tracers which are placed at subterranean locations such that they may be present in flow produced from the well, the analysis of the flow produced from the well is carried out using an electrochemical method, preferably voltammetry, to detect tracer chosen to undergo a detectable electrochemical reaction. The tracer may be provided as nanoparticles in the well fluid.

Abstract: A communication session between a first communication device and a second communication device is hosted in an Internet Protocol (IP) based packet data network. A contact server functions as a bridge service between the first communication device and the second communication device. A communication link between the first communication device and the contact server or the second communication device and the contact server is initially a voice-over IP (VoIP) communication link over a wireless data network. The contact server analyzes a call quality characteristic of the VoIP communication link and causes the communication device having the VoIP communication link to handoff the VoIP communication link from the wireless data network to a cellular communication link on a cellular network when the analyzed call quality characteristic of the VoIP communication link crosses a threshold level. Other embodiments describe handing off from a cellular communication link to VoIP communication link.

Abstract: A communication session between a first communication device and a second communication device is hosted in an Internet Protocol (IP) based packet data network. A contact server functions as a bridge service between the first communication device and the second communication device. A communication link between the first communication device and the contact server or the second communication device and the contact server is initially a voice-over IP (VoIP) communication link over a wireless data network comprised of a first packet data media stream. The contact server receives the first packet data media stream and at least one other packet data media stream from the first communication device and combines them into a single packet data media stream before transmitting the combined single packet data media stream to the second communication device.

Abstract: Interactive geographic information systems (GIS) and techniques are disclosed that provide users with a greater degree of flexibility, utility, and information. A markup language is provided that facilitates communication between servers and clients of the interactive GIS, which enables a number of GIS features, such as network links (time-based and/or view-dependent dynamic data layers), ground overlays, screen overlays, placemarks, 3D models, and stylized GIS elements, such as geometry, icons, description balloons, polygons, and labels in the viewer by which the user sees the target area. Also, “virtual tours” of user-defined paths in the context of distributed geospatial visualization is enabled. Streaming and interactive visualization of filled polygon data are also enabled thereby allowing buildings and other such features to be provided in 3D. Also, techniques for enabling ambiguous search requests in a GIS are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a supplemental support that is designed to prevent a knee brace from migrating out of position. The device comprises an inelastic, elongated strap with hook fasteners on its inward surface and loop fasteners on its outward surface adapted to connect a knee brace to a waist support. A loop is provided at the upper end of the strap for securing to a conventional waist belt, while a protective cover secures over any exposed length of strap to prevent chaffing or damage to clothing. The hook fasteners secure to the neoprene fabric or any exposed loop fasteners on a conventional knee brace, or alternatively the strap is inserted between the brace straps and the neoprene to ensure that the brace does not move along the user's leg. When positioned between a waist belt and a knee brace, the device ensures the brace remains in position during activity.

Abstract: A photosensitive optoelectronic device (1) comprises a plurality of organic semiconductor sub-cells (10, 11, 12, 13) arranged in a stack between electrodes (3, 5), each sub-cell comprising donor material (14, 16, 23, 25) and acceptor material (15, 17, 24, 26) providing a heterojunction. There is a recombination layer (19, 22, 28) between adjacent sub-cells. The sub-cells are arranged in two groups (20, 29). The sub-cells (10, 11; 12, 13) within a group (20; 29) are responsive over substantially the same part of the light spectrum. The groups (20, 29) differ substantially from each other in respect of the parts of the light spectrum over which their respective sub-cells are responsive.

Abstract: Described herein is an improved mechanism for bridging between SAS and SATA drives based upon existing SAS expanders in a SAS domain. In particular, a bridge capable of translating between SAS and SATA protocols is embedded in or coupled to an expander. When a SAS initiator request is received at the expander, the expander can route the request, based on a routing table, either directly to a destination SAS device or to the bridge for necessary translation before it is transmitted to a destination SATA drive. The routing table includes corresponding relationships between all SAS addresses and Phys through which those SAS and SATA devices are attached to the expander. SATA devices can be virtualized in the expander through a few assigned addresses in the routing table in a SAS discovery process.

Abstract: Catalytic hydrogenation of a double bond, notably a C?C or C?N double bond, is carried out using a homogenous catalyst which is a complex of rhodium or other transition metal containing at least one ligand which is a nitrogenous organic base. Preferably the complex is phosphorus-free and the ligand is a bicyclic base having formula where R1 and R4 are hydrocarbon chains. R1 preferably is a saturated chain of two carbon atoms and R4 preferably is a saturated chain of three to five carbon atoms.

Abstract: A molecular species is covalently attached to elemental carbon by exposing the carbon to a reaction mixture containing a strong base and a compound of the formula (I) or (II) in which X denotes a covalently attached atom or group capable of forming an X? anion and each Z is a moiety comprising a plurality of atoms, but which does not have a hydrogen atom directly attached to the atom which itself is directly attached to the —CH2X or —CHX group. The carbon substrate may be graphite or carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: Methods and systems for simplification of the re-discovery process for initiators due to changes in the network. If an initiator subscribes to change reports from a SAS expander, when that SAS expander detects a change in the network, it sends an SMP command back to the initiator, indicating the specific change in the network. Initiator BCN management and re-discovery of the entire network is therefore avoided.

Abstract: The use of loops in SAS networks is enabled by designating ports connected to loop connections as table loop ports (TLPs). Under normal operating conditions, each TLP is blocked from receiving BCNs, appears to the expander to have nothing connected to it, and is made invisible to initiators. The loop connection and TLPs may be enabled and used to access devices when a problem is detected. In particular, the TLP will now appear in a list of destination ports within the expander to which a BCN should be propagated. In addition, during a subsequent self-configuration, the TLP is allowed to populate its route table with devices accessible through it, and the existence of the TLP is also reported back to initiators. After re-discovery is complete, communications between the initiator and a target can resume, with traffic re-routed through the TLPs as needed, bypassing the failure point.