Abstract: An identifier made using a silicon film. The silicon film has a varying optical index of refraction. The varying optical index of refraction reflects one or more spectral peaks when illuminated with light. The one or more spectral peaks includes a reference peak. The silicon film is fragmented and then oxidized.

Abstract: A system for wide-range spectral measurement includes one or more broadband sources, an adjustable Fabry-Perot etalon, and a detector. The one or more broadband sources is to illuminate a sample, wherein the one or more broadband sources have a short broadband source coherence length. The adjustable Fabry-Perot etalon is to optically process the reflected light to extract spectral information with fine spectral resolution. The detector is to detect reflected light from the sample, wherein the reflected light is comprised of multiple narrow-band subsets of the illumination light having long coherence lengths and is optically processed using a plurality of settings for the adjustable Fabry-Perot etalon, and wherein the plurality of settings includes a separation of the Fabry-Perot etalon plates that is greater than the broadband source coherence length.

Abstract: A label has a portion that is readable by a human being and a portion that is readable by a machine. The label includes information stored using a spectral content of reflected from a tag. The label is used for authentication.

Abstract: A system for spectral reading includes a plurality of LEDs, an interface, and a processor. The plurality of LEDs are disposed in a physical array. Light from the plurality of LEDs is enabled to be collimated at a Fabry-Perot etalon. The interface is configured to receive a gap calibration table and power characteristics of a plurality of LEDs. The processor is configured to determine an LED switch table. The LED switch table indicates a set of the plurality of LEDs with power above a threshold at a plurality of wavelengths. The processor is further configured to cause measurement of a sample using the gap calibration table and the LED switch table for a set of gap values and determine measurement results.

Abstract: A system for wide-range spectral measurement includes one or more broadband sources, an adjustable Fabry-Perot etalon, and a detector. The one or more broadband sources is to illuminate a sample, wherein the one or more broadband sources have a short broadband source coherence length. The adjustable Fabry-Perot etalon is to optically process the reflected light to extract spectral information with fine spectral resolution. The detector is to detect reflected light from the sample, wherein the reflected light is comprised of multiple narrow-band subsets of the illumination light having long coherence lengths and is optically processed using a plurality of settings for the adjustable Fabry-Perot etalon, and wherein the plurality of settings includes a separation of the Fabry-Perot etalon plates that is greater than the broadband source coherence length but that is less than the long coherence lengths.

Abstract: A system for determining a spectrum includes an interface and a processor. The interface is configured to receive a sample set of intensity data for an array of spatial locations and a set of spectral configurations. The processor is configured to determine a region of interest using the sample set of intensity data and determine a spectral peak for the region of interest.

Abstract: An identifier made using a silicon film. The silicon film has a varying optical index of refraction. The varying optical index of refraction reflects one or more spectral peaks when illuminated with light. The one or more spectral peaks includes a reference peak. The silicon film is fragmented and then oxidized.

Abstract: A sample holder comprises a bottom and one or more arms. The bottom has an initial area for supporting a sample. The one or more arms actuate to move the sample in the initial area to a target area, wherein the one or more arms hold the sample.

Abstract: A sample holder comprises a bottom and one or more arms. The bottom has an initial area for supporting a sample. The one or more arms actuate to move the sample in the initial area to a target area, wherein the one or more arms hold the sample.

Abstract: An item of a type includes one or more selected tag identifiers that are added to the item of the type. The one or more selected tag identifiers have an optical signature based at least in part on a spectral measurement of the one or more selected tag identifiers. A first item spectral measurement of a first item is detected. A first item optical signature is determined based at least in part on the detected first item spectral measurement. The first item is verified as the item of the type in the event that the first item optical signature corresponds to the optical signature of the one or more selected tag identifiers.

Abstract: A system for decoding energy peaks of an identifier includes an interface and a processor. The interface is configured to receive a reference peak position associated with an identifier, wherein the identifier comprises a rugate microtag, and receive a set of data pattern peak positions associated with the identifier. The processor is configured to determine a set of adjusted data pattern peak positions based on the reference peak position.

Abstract: A system verifying an item in a package comprises a package producer and a verifier. The package producer produces a package with a label, wherein the package includes an item each with one or more selected tag identifiers that are placed in a location on the item. The verifier verifies the item using 1) the one or more selected tag identifiers as detected using a spectral measurement or 2) a location or a shape of the one or more selected tag identifiers on the item, and 3) the label as read using a label reader.

Abstract: A system for wide-range spectral measurement includes one or more broadband sources, an adjustable Fabry-Perot etalon, and a detector. The one or more broadband sources is to illuminate a sample, wherein the one or more broadband sources have a short broadband source coherence length. The adjustable Fabry-Perot etalon is to optically process the reflected light to extract spectral information with fine spectral resolution. The detector is to detect reflected light from the sample, wherein the reflected light is comprised of multiple narrow-band subsets of the illumination light having long coherence lengths and is optically processed using a plurality of settings for the adjustable Fabry-Perot etalon, and wherein the plurality of settings includes a separation of the Fabry-Perot etalon plates that is greater than the broadband source coherence length but that is less than the long coherence lengths.

Abstract: A system for decoding energy peaks of an identifier includes an interface and a processor. The interface is configured to receive a reference peak position associated with an identifier, wherein the identifier comprises a rugate microtag, and receive a set of data pattern peak positions associated with the identifier. The processor is configured to determine a set of adjusted data pattern peak positions based on the reference peak position.

Abstract: A system for encoding energy peaks of an identifier comprises an encoder. The encoder is configured to define a readable spectral range of an identifier. The identifier comprises a rugate microtag. The encoder is configured to divide the readable spectral range into a plurality of bins. The encoder is configured to encode in a center of a bin near one end of the readable spectral range a reference peak. The encoder is configured to encode in a center of each of a set of bins a set of peaks of a data pattern within the readable spectral range.

Abstract: A system for packaging an item with an identifier comprises an identifier adder, a labeler, and a packager. The identifier adder adds one or more types of silica-based tags to an item, wherein each type of silica-based tag has a first signature readable using an optical spectroscopic reader. A label is generated based at least in part on reading the one or more types of silica-based tags of the item using the optical spectroscopic reader. The label includes goods info. The packager includes the label on a package, and wherein the packager includes the item in the package.

Abstract: A system verifying an item in a package comprises a package producer and a verifier. The package producer produces a package with a label, wherein the package includes an item each with one or more selected tag identifiers that are placed in a location on the item. The verifier verifies the item using 1) the one or more selected tag identifiers as detected using a spectral measurement or 2) a location or a shape of the one or more selected tag identifiers on the item, and 3) the label as read using a label reader.

Abstract: A system for packaging an item with an identifier comprises an identifier adder, a labeler, and a packager. The identifier adder adds one or more types of silica-based tags to an item, wherein each type of silica-based tag has a first signature readable using an optical spectroscopic reader. A label is generated based at least in part on reading the one or more types of silica-based tags of the item using the optical spectroscopic reader. The label includes goods info. The packager includes the label on a package, and wherein the packager includes the item in the package.

Abstract: A system verifying an item in a package comprises a package producer and a verifier. The package producer produces a package with a label, wherein the package includes an item each with one or more selected tag identifiers that are placed in a location on the item. The verifier verifies the item using 1) the one or more selected tag identifiers as detected using a spectral measurement or 2) a location or a shape of the one or more selected tag identifiers on the item, and 3) the label as read using a label reader.

Abstract: A system for verifying an item in a package using a database comprises a database and a verifier. A package producer provides the database with an identifier for one or more items each of a type, wherein the package producer produces a package, where the package includes the one or more items each of the type with an associated one or more selected tag identifiers that are placed in a location on an item of the one or more items. The verifier verifies the one or more items of the type using 1) the associated one or more selected tag identifiers as detected using a spectral measurement or 2) a tag characteristic as detected using an imager, and 3) the identifier retrieved from the database.