Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for treating ischemic stroke by illuminating a skin surface to reduce free radical generation in subsurface target tissues (e.g., the brain following an ischemic event). The method utilizes a waveguide that receives light from a light source. The waveguide is placed adjacent a skin surface of a patient and the waveguide emits light that passes through the skin surface and illuminates a subsurface target tissue. The waveguide includes light-extracting features configured to emit light at a target angle relative to the surface tissue. That is, the light-extracting features alter a trajectory of light emitted by the waveguide, such that a larger percentage of light emitted by the light guide has an angle that is +/?25 degrees off of a center line of the light guide.

Abstract: Conical inlet refiner elements for a mechanical refiner include: a conical stator element disposed between a feedstock inlet to the mechanical refiner and primary refining plates of the mechanical refiner; and a conical rotor element disposed between the feedstock inlet to the mechanical refiner and the primary refining plates, the conical rotor element configured to form an initial refining gap with the conical stator element. The conical stator element and the conical rotor element are configured to cause a radial change greater than zero but less than 90 degrees in a direction of an axial feedstock flow path through the initial refining gap at a feedstock inlet to a primary refining gap formed between the primary refining plates, where the primary refining gap formed between the primary refining plates lies in a plane that is approximately perpendicular to the axial feedstock flow path.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for treating ischemic stroke by illuminating a skin surface to reduce free radical generation in subsurface target tissues (e.g., the brain following an ischemic event). The method utilizes a waveguide that receives light from a light source. The waveguide is placed adjacent a skin surface of a patient and the waveguide emits light that passes through the skin surface and illuminates a subsurface target tissue. The waveguide includes light-extracting features configured to emit light at a target angle relative to the surface tissue. That is, the light-extracting features alter a trajectory of light emitted by the waveguide, such that a larger percentage of light emitted by the light guide has an angle that is +/?25 degrees off of a center line of the light guide.

Abstract: A method and system are described for a refrigerant distributor, and for attaching the distributor tubes to an evaporator coil. A short tube can inserted into the bell end of a tube and the hell end can be crimped around the short tube to lock it into place. The short tube preferably has a bead or widened shaft around which to crimp the bell. The disclosure is particularly beneficial for aluminum based components because aluminum is more susceptible to blockages or leaking due to problems from brazing.

Abstract: An illumination assembly for illuminating an automotive component. The illumination assembly includes a light guide that emits light along its length and that has a shape of the automotive component.

Abstract: A method and system are described for a refrigerant distributor, and for attaching the distributor tubes to an evaporator coil. A short tube can inserted into the bell end of a tube and the hell end can he crimped around the short tube to lock it into place. The short tube preferably has a bead or widened shaft around which to crimp the bell. The disclosure is particularly beneficial for aluminum based components because aluminum is more susceptible to blockages or leaking due to problems from brazing.

Abstract: A method and system are described for a refrigerant distributor, and for attaching the distributor tubes to an evaporator coil. A short tube can inserted into the bell end of a tube and the bell end can be crimped around the short tube to lock it into place. The short tube preferably has a bead or widened shaft around which to crimp the bell. The disclosure is particularly beneficial for aluminum based components because aluminum is more susceptible to blockages or leaking due to problems from brazing.

Abstract: An illumination assembly for illuminating an automotive component. The illumination assembly includes a light guide that emits light along its length and that has a shape of the automotive component.

Abstract: In certain embodiments, a controller turns a heat pump system on in heating mode or cooling mode and determines a position for the heat pump system's reversing valve based on an O/B setting. The O/B setting indicates to configure the reversing valve in a first position that causes refrigerant to flow in a first direction when in heating mode and in a second position that causes the refrigerant to flow in a second, opposite direction when in cooling mode. The controller determines whether to maintain or reverse the O/B setting. If the heat pump system heats while in the heating mode or cools while in the cooling mode, the O/B setting is maintained. If the heat pump system cools while in the heating mode or heats while in the cooling mode, the O/B setting is reversed.

Abstract: In certain embodiments, a controller turns a heat pump system on in heating mode or cooling mode and determines a position for the heat pump system's reversing valve based on an O/B setting. The O/B setting indicates to configure the reversing valve in a first position that causes refrigerant to flow in a first direction when in heating mode and in a second position that causes the refrigerant to flow in a second, opposite direction when in cooling mode. The controller determines whether to maintain or reverse the O/B setting. If the heat pump system heats while in the heating mode or cools while in the cooling mode, the O/B setting is maintained. If the heat pump system cools while in the heating mode or heats while in the cooling mode, the O/B setting is reversed.

Abstract: A method and system are described for a refrigerant distributor, and for attaching the distributor tubes to an evaporator coil. A short tube can inserted into the bell end of a tube and the bell end can be crimped around the short tube to lock it into place. The short tube preferably has a bead or widened shaft around which to crimp the bell. The disclosure is particularly beneficial for aluminum based components because aluminum is more susceptible to blockages or leaking due to problems from brazing.

Abstract: A logarithmic level detector (9) produces analog signals that represent logarithms of the voltage across, and current through, a target device (7). These signals are then passed to a processor (1) that performs a digital conversion. Because the digital conversion takes place after logarithmic conversion, it becomes possible to obtain an appropriate resolution for all signal levels, and a calculation of impedance of a target device, with reduced error, is enabled.

Abstract: Known measuring instruments generate a test signal for application to a target device. Linear analogue to digital converters are then used to produce data samples representing the voltage across and the current through the device and these data samples are used to calculate impedance as a function of frequency. The A/D conversion process can be expected to worsen with reducing signal levels. This problem is overcome, in the invention, by using a logarithmic level detector (9) to produce analogue signals that represent logarithms of the voltage across and current through the device (7).