Abstract: An analytical instrument architecture provides high analytical test throughput in a compact footprint. A dilution section creates dilutions of a sample, a reaction processing section contains containers for assay reaction and measurement, and a reagent storage section supports reagent storage and supply. Transfer probes move the dilution and reagents to reaction containers. The dilution processing section includes concentric, independently driven rings of dilution containers; the reaction processing section includes concentric rings of reaction containers driven by the same mechanism for parallel processing of assays.

Abstract: An analytical instrument architecture provides high analytical test throughput in a compact footprint. A dilution section creates dilutions of a sample, a reaction processing section contains containers for assay reaction and measurement, and a reagent storage section supports reagent storage and supply. Transfer probes move the dilution and reagents to reaction containers. The dilution processing section includes concentric, independently driven rings of dilution containers; the reaction processing section includes concentric rings of reaction containers driven by the same mechanism for parallel processing of assays.

Abstract: A sample analyzer with fixed and variable indexing that is structured and arranged to align reaction vessels, e.g., cuvettes, at a pre-determined, fixed point while maintaining a positional sequence using variable indexing. Variable indexing allows cuvettes to be presented to multiple, fixed point resources at multiple occasions in a systematic progression in a highly efficient manner. The presentation of cuvettes to multiple, fixed point resources at multiple times is superior to existing indexing.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for identifying each of a predetermined plurality of liquid containers, some of which are stoppered and others of which are open-mouthed and for extracting liquid therefrom. The apparatus comprises an upper arm and a lower arm and a sensor responsive to relative motion therebetween, relative motion between the arms causing a container identity signal representative to be generated. A single needle is used to penetrate stoppers when present and extract liquid from the container.